Calcium carbonate scale inhibition of a cathode surface under polarization by 2-phosphonobutane-1, 2, 4-tricarboxylic acid

2021 ◽  
Vol 210 ◽  
pp. 91-102
Author(s):  
Kun Sheng ◽  
Yanfang Song ◽  
Fang Ge ◽  
Xin Huang ◽  
Yi Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Carbonate ◽  
Cathode Surface ◽  
Tricarboxylic Acid ◽  
Scale Inhibition ◽  
Calcium Carbonate Scale

Polyaminoamide dendrimers surface-modified with anionic terminal groups for use as calcium carbonate scale inhibitors

2014 ◽  
Vol 34 (8) ◽  
pp. 733-738
Author(s):  
Fu Chen ◽  
Keying Wu ◽  
Yangyang Liu ◽  
Huaping Huang ◽  
Kunyi He
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Carbonate ◽  
Bath Temperature ◽  
Fourth Generation ◽  
Sodium Acrylate ◽  
Amorphous Calcium Carbonate ◽  
Chemical Structures ◽  
Scale Inhibition ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Surface Modified ◽  
Calcium Carbonate Scale

Abstract Polyaminoamide dendrimers (PAMAM) surface-modified with anionic terminal groups (PIY) for use as scale inhibitors were prepared with the fourth-generation PAMAM and sodium acrylate (SAA), via the Michael addition reaction. The chemical structures of PIY were determined using Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectrometry and 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectra. The influence of scale inhibitor concentration, Ca2+ concentration and bath temperature on the scale inhibition efficiency was researched. The study results signified that PIY can resist calcium carbonate scale as high as 92.8%. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns showed that amorphous calcium carbonate had generated in the presence of PIY dendrimers.

scholarly journals Calcium Carbonate Scale Inhibition with Ultrasonication and a Commercial Antiscalant

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (23) ◽  
pp. 3428
Author(s):  
Chanbasha Basheer ◽  
Amjad A. Shaikh ◽  
Eid M. Al-Mutairi ◽  
Mokhtar Noor El Deen ◽  
Khurram Karim Qureshi
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Carbonate ◽  
Scale Formation ◽  
Sample Treatment ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Scale Inhibition ◽  
Irradiation Sample ◽  
Calcium Carbonate Deposition ◽  
Calcium Carbonate Scale ◽  
Scale Deposits

In this study, ultrasonication-assisted calcium carbonate scale inhibition was investigated compared with a commercial antiscalant ATMP (amino tris(methyl phosphonic acid)). The effects of varying ultrasound amplitude, pH, and inhibition duration were evaluated. The inhibition of calcium carbonate scale formation was measured based on the concentration of calcium in the solution after subjecting to different conditions. Scale deposits were also characterized using scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction spectroscopy. Inhibition of scale formation was supported at a pH of 7 for an ultrasound amplitude of 150 W. A 94% calcium carbonate inhibition was recorded when the experiment was carried out with ultrasonication. The use of 5 mg/L ATMP achieved a 90% calcium carbonate inhibition of ATMP. The result of the characterization revealed that the morphology of the crystals was unaffected by ultrasonic irradiation. Sample treatment was performed with two different membranes to evaluate the calcium carbonate deposition, and data reveals that, at identical conditions, ultrasonication provides less deposition when compared to the control experiments.

Development of Poly(aspartic-co-glutamic acid) Green Antiscalant for Calcium Carbonate Scale Inhibition

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 198-206
Author(s):  
S. S. Barkade ◽  
P. G. Bansod ◽  
V. R. Doss ◽  
S. P. Mardikar
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Carbonate ◽  
Glutamic Acid ◽  
Polymer System ◽  
Physicochemical Characterization ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Cooling Systems ◽  
Scale Inhibition ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Catalyst Effect ◽  
Calcium Carbonate Scale

The performance of heat exchangers and water cooling systems is mainly affected by the major problem of calcium carbonate/sulphate based scale formation. Herein present paper, we are reporting synthesis, characterization and performance of novel aspartic-co-glutamic acid based polymer system as a green antiscalant. Aspartic-co-glutamic acid based polymer was developed using aspartic acid and glutamic acid as reactants and phosphoric acid as catalyst. Effect of different operating parameters viz. temperature, molar concentration of reactants, reaction time, etc. was studied thoroughly. The as-synthesized material was characterized by various physicochemical characterization techniques including fourier transform-Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) spectroscopy. The scale inhibition properties of the as-synthesised product were studied with respect to calcium carbonate at various pH and temperature range. Experimental results unveil that at 200 ppm concentration, the anti-scaling property of the as-synthesized material was found to be close to that of commercial antiscalant (KT-RO).

Magnetic Water Treatment to Inhibit Calcium Carbonate Scale Deposition in the Drainage System of an Old Tunnel in Seoul, South Korea

2012 ◽  
Vol 594-597 ◽  
pp. 2045-2055 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric Yee ◽  
Jongh Wi Lee ◽  
Dae Sung Lim ◽  
Byung Sik Chun
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Carbonate ◽  
South Korea ◽  
Drainage System ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Water Flow Velocity ◽  
Treated Water ◽  
Scale Inhibition ◽  
Traffic Tunnel ◽  
Calcium Carbonate Scale ◽  
Scale Deposits

Drainage inlets at the Namsan #3 traffic tunnel in Seoul, South Korea were found to be clogged with calcium carbonate scale deposits. Officials were concerned the clogged drains would further stress the already deteriorating traffic tunnel and wanted to see if there were any practical and economical solutions in removing or preventing scale deposits. A tunnel drainage simulator was constructed to determine the feasibility of using magnets to inhibit scale precipitation and deposition. Test results from the simulation show 6.0 and 4.4 g of deposited calcium carbonate in pipes inclined at 2° and 5° respectively, while magnetically treated water resulted in 10.8 and 4.3 g of deposited calcium carbonate in pipes inclined at 2° and 5° respectively. Calcium carbonate scale samples from the tunnel drainage test underwent x-ray diffraction analysis and showed the magnetically treated water to precipitate more aragonite. The solubility product and crystalline structures of calcite and aragonite are able to help explain tunnel drainage test results and suggest water flow velocity to be a potentially important factor in calcium scale inhibition if magnets are used.

Study on Performance of Scale and Corrosion Inhibition of Polyaspartic Acid Composite Material

2011 ◽  
Vol 233-235 ◽  
pp. 50-53 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhen Fa Liu ◽  
Han Shuo Liu ◽  
Li Hui Zhang ◽  
Mei Fang Yan
Keyword(s):  
Composite Material ◽  
Calcium Carbonate ◽  
Acrylic Acid ◽  
Corrosion Inhibition ◽  
Itaconic Acid ◽  
Tricarboxylic Acid ◽  
Inhibition Rate ◽  
Polyaspartic Acid ◽  
Scale Inhibition ◽  
Acrylic Ester

Polyaspartic acid (PASP) composite material, a scale and corrosion inhibitor, is prepared from PASP, acrylic acid-acrylic ester- itaconic acid tripolymer (IA-AA-AE) and 2-phosphonobutane- 1,2,4-tricarboxylic acid (PBTCA). The scale inhibition effects of PASP and PASP composite are investigated. Calcium carbonate crystals in scale samples are characterized by means of SEM. Experimental results show that the scale inhibition rate can reach 98.7 % and corrosion inhibition rate 96.5 % under the conditions of Ca2+ 639 mg.L-1 and PASP composite material 40 mg.L-1. SEM results show that calcite and aragonite can be transformed into vaterite completely by using PASP composite material.

Calcium carbonate scale inhibition using the “allotropic cell” device

Desalination ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 217 (1-3) ◽  
pp. 85-92 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. López-Sandoval ◽  
C. Vázquez-López ◽  
B.E. Zendejas-Leal ◽  
G. Ramos ◽  
E. San Martín-Martínez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Carbonate ◽  
Scale Inhibition ◽  
Calcium Carbonate Scale

scholarly journals Formation and Inhibition of Calcium Carbonate Crystals under Cathodic Polarization Conditions

Crystals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 275
Author(s):  
Kun Sheng ◽  
Honghua Ge ◽  
Xin Huang ◽  
Yi Zhang ◽  
Yanfang Song ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Carbonate ◽  
Lattice Distortion ◽  
Inhibition Efficiency ◽  
Cathode Surface ◽  
Cathodic Polarization ◽  
Gravimetric Analysis ◽  
Inhibition Effect ◽  
Good Surface ◽  
Scale Inhibition ◽  
Inhibition Performance

The formation of CaCO3 crystals on the cathode surface and the scale-inhibition performance of scale inhibitor 2-phosphonobutane-1,2,4-tricarboxylic acid (PBTCA) on the cathode surface were studied by methods of solution analysis, gravimetric analysis, SEM, FTIR, and XRD techniques. They were then compared with the results of the formation and suppression of CaCO3 crystals in aqueous solution. PBTCA had a good solution-scale-inhibition performance and good lattice-distortion effects on CaCO3 crystals in solution, which could change the CaCO3 from calcite to vaterite and aragonite crystals. The solution-scale-inhibition efficiency exceeded 97% when the PBTCA concentration reached 8 mg/L. Under cathodic polarization conditions, the surface-scale-inhibition efficiency of the cathode and solution-scale-inhibition efficiency near the cathode surface both exceed 97% at polarization potential of −1V. The addition of PBTCA significantly reduced the amount of CaCO3 crystals formed on the cathode surface and had good surface and solution-scale-inhibition effect. However, the lattice-distortion effect of PBTCA on CaCO3 crystals disappeared on the cathode surface, and the resulting CaCO3 contained only calcite crystals. The high-scale-inhibition effect of PBTCA under cathodic polarization was mainly due to the inhibition of the formation of calcium carbonate crystals by PBTCA, and not because of the lattice distortion of CaCO3 crystals.

Effect of Ion Migration of Multiple Copper-Zinc Alloy on the Crystal Structure of Calcium Carbonate Scale

2010 ◽  
Vol 96 ◽  
pp. 35-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yan Ding ◽  
Jun Ping Meng ◽  
Xu Hong Zhang ◽  
Li Juan Wang ◽  
Qing Guo Tang
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Structure ◽  
Calcium Carbonate ◽  
Zinc Ion ◽  
Ion Concentration ◽  
Zinc Alloy ◽  
Heating Process ◽  
Ion Migration ◽  
Heat Transfer Efficiency ◽  
Copper Zinc ◽  
Calcium Carbonate Scale

Multiple copper-zinc alloy was used to treat water in order to restrict the formation of hard scale during heating process. Trace amounts of metal ions were dissolved from the alloy under the action of tiny battery corrosion, which took part in the crystallization of calcium carbonate crystal. The ion migration rules and its effect on the crystal structure of water scale were studied. The ICP test results show that after immersion in the water for 20 min, the zinc ion concentration increased to 0.35 mg•L-1 compared with contrast group. The simulating experiment of the scale crystal growth demonstrated that the calcium carbonate scale after treated with the alloy showed a transformation from calcite to aragonite, and the ratio of calcite to aragonite changed from 1:0.125 to 1:2.30. Meanwhile, the heat transfer efficiency was increased to 2.19%.

Synthesis, Characterization and Properties of the IA / SAS Copolymer

2013 ◽  
Vol 423-426 ◽  
pp. 404-407
Author(s):  
Zhen Fa Liu ◽  
Hao Lin Fu ◽  
Li Hui Zhang ◽  
Yan He Zhang ◽  
Xuan Liu
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Carbonate ◽  
Calcium Phosphate ◽  
Itaconic Acid ◽  
Inhibition Rate ◽  
Biodegradation Rate ◽  
Scale Inhibition ◽  
Good Scale

A copolymer was prepared from itaconic acid (IA) and sodium allysulfonate (SAS). The structure of the IA/SAS copolymer was characterized by the means of FTIR. The performances of scale inhibition, dispersion and biodegradability of the IA/SAS copolymer were studied. The results showed that the IA/SAS copolymer had good scale inhibition and dispersing performance. The scale inhibition rate on calcium carbonate was 93% when the copolymer was 20 mg·L-1. The scale inhibition rate on calcium phosphate was 92% when the copolymer was 24 mg·L-1. The copolymer had good biodegradation performance and biodegradation rate could reach 69.5% after 28 days.

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