Desalination by cooling and freezing of seawater and groundwater: thermodynamic aspect of the liquid-solid equilibrium

2019 ◽  
Vol 167 ◽  
pp. 75-83
Author(s):  
A. Rich ◽  
S. Mountadar ◽  
F.Z. Karmil ◽  
Y. Mandri ◽  
C. Cogné ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermodynamic Aspect

Thermodynamic Aspect of the Interaction of Dichlorotetrafluoroethane with Bovine Albumin

Pharmacology ◽  
1975 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 128-136 ◽  
Author(s):  
Win L. Chiou ◽  
Jaue Huey Hsiao
Keyword(s):  
Bovine Albumin ◽  
Thermodynamic Aspect

Thermodynamic aspect of the glass transition

1989 ◽  
Vol 157 (2) ◽  
pp. 797-825 ◽  
Author(s):  
Moorad Alexanian ◽  
Timothy W. Haywood
Keyword(s):  
Glass Transition ◽  
Thermodynamic Aspect

scholarly journals Controlling Bacillus cereus adherence to stainless steel with different cleaning and sanitizing procedures used in dairy plants

2010 ◽  
Vol 62 (6) ◽  
pp. 1478-1483 ◽  
Author(s):  
V.C Salustiano ◽  
N.J Andrade ◽  
J.I Ribeiro Junior ◽  
P.E Fernandes ◽  
J.P Lopes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Bacillus Cereus ◽  
Lower Number ◽  
Thermodynamic Aspect ◽  
Contact Surfaces

Bacillus cereus adherence to stainless steel used to milk contact surfaces was observed, depending on the cleaning and sanitizing procedures applied and the physicochemical properties of the surfaces. Numbers of surviving B. cereus after hygiene procedures were affected by temperature, the concentrations of both alkaline and acid washes, and the pH of the chlorine solution. The adhesion of B. cereus to the stainless steel was not thermodynamically favorable, and the adherence of this microorganism occurred in lower number, in accordance to the thermodynamic aspect of adhesion.

An extensive review on thermodynamic aspect based solar desalination techniques

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sivakumar Vaithilingam ◽  
Sakthivel Thirumalai Gopal ◽  
Senthil Kumar Srinivasan ◽  
A. Muthu Manokar ◽  
Ravishankar Sathyamurthy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Extensive Review ◽  
Thermodynamic Aspect ◽  
Solar Desalination

scholarly journals A way to increase safety in marine refrigeration when using ammonia as a working agent

2018 ◽  
Vol 27 (2018) ◽  
pp. 37-40
Author(s):  
Feiza Memet
Keyword(s):  
International Trade ◽  
Selection Criteria ◽  
Paper Analysis ◽  
Good Option ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Environmental Aspect ◽  
Vital Part ◽  
Thermodynamic Aspect ◽  
Successful Business ◽  
Working Agent

Trade with perishables, especially food, has always been a successful business, marine refrigeration being a vital part of the specific international trade since it can cause economic losses and environmental fatalities. This paper analysis the possibility of decreasing the amount of R717 by mixing it with dimethyleter (DME). Two mixtures (20% DME, 80% R717) and (40% DME, 60% R717) are compared with pure ammonia, based on the fulfillment of the selection criteria of a refrigerant. The comparison will reveal the fact that the first mentioned mixture satisfies in a more convenient way these criteria, replacement of R717 with this mixture being a good option in improving safety, by not affecting the thermodynamic aspect of the problem, or its environmental aspect.

Thermodynamic and Kinetic Aspects of Argillaceous Sandstone Acidizing

1975 ◽  
Vol 15 (02) ◽  
pp. 117-128 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean Claude Labrid
Keyword(s):  
Fine Particles ◽  
Quantitative Description ◽  
Crystalline Lattice ◽  
Side Reactions ◽  
Response Curves ◽  
Commercial Development ◽  
Thermodynamic Aspect ◽  
Kinetic Aspect ◽  
Porous Sandstone ◽  
Number Of Equilibria

Abstract The thermodynamic aspect of sandstone acidizing by hydrofluoric acid (HF) is examined. It is shown that silica dissolution, with a first order in HF concentration leads almost exclusively to the formation of fluosilicic acid. Clay and feldspar dissolution is much more complex; after a uniform alteration of the crystalline lattice, partial precipitation of silicic species occurs when the precipitation of silicic species occurs when the acid is spent. An approach to the kinetic aspect is made by defining, for a naturally complex medium, a reactivity profile that is a characteristic of the medium instead of a single reaction-rate constant. Experimental data enable a correlation between permeability, porosity, and reactivity. Also, a permeability, porosity, and reactivity. Also, a qualitative interpretation of acid response curves is given. The numerical simulation of the acidizing process satisfactorily reproduces the experimental process satisfactorily reproduces the experimental results. When extended to radial flow, the model shows the influence of stimulation parameters, injection rate, concentration, and time. Introduction Use of acids for increasing well productivity has been well established since the description of the first acid treatment appeared at the end of the last century. However, commercial development of acidizing as a stimulation technique became widespread around 1930. Since then, extensive research has broadened the number of techniques and chemical additives that not only improve the operation, but also extend applications to more complex reservoirs under severe pressure and temperature conditions. These applications are extended by the use of special corrosion inhibitors and organic acids for deep well treatment (with or without the cool-down technique) by the handling of high-strength acids recommended in offshore operations where it is advisable to use small volumes, and by the development of acid mutual-solvent technique to prevent fine particles from migrating near the wellbore, improving stimulation response. In As present state, the acidizing process largely involves empirical methods primarily because of insufficient understanding of the physical, chemical, and physicochemical phenomena involved. As a result, the anomalous behavior of some acid-response curves used for predicting treatment efficiency has not yet received a satisfactory explanation. The chemistry of the dissolution of detritic materials by acids is, in fact, not entirely understood because of the great number of equilibria between the reagent and the different species in solution derived from the native rock. The thermodynamic aspect of the problem is examined first giving a qualitative and quantitative description of chemical phenomena and attaining the solubilization mechanism of silica, feldspars, and clays. Conclusions of this study enable interpretation of the phenomena observed when an acid flows through a natural porous sandstone (dynamic experiment). The kinetic aspect is considered, along with the definition and the measurement of the matrix reactivity, a concept as characteristic of this matrix as porosity and permeability. THERMODYNAMIC CONSIDERATIONS Sandstone acidizing is based on the unique quality of HF to attack silica and alumina-silicates. Although this property has long been known (since HF is used in the glass-engraving method), its application to well stimulation quickly revealed the complexity of the problem, especially the possibility of side reactions that may affect formation permeability. The thermodynamic aspect is permeability. The thermodynamic aspect is approached in the following manner. The system formed by HF in water solution and a mineral occuring in a sandstone, such as silica, clay, or feldspar, is considered. There is a chemical reaction; that is, a consumption of the reagents and a solubilization of the mineral constituents (silicon, aluminum, potassium, etc.), which are then involved in a great number of chemical equilibria. SPEJ P. 117

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