Effects of sludge retention time (SRTs) on the removals of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), chemical oxygen demand (COD), and toxicity in a petrochemical industry wastewater

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (1-3) ◽  
pp. 57-65 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oguzhan Gok ◽  
Delia Teresa Sponza
Keyword(s):  
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Chemical Oxygen Demand ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Retention Time ◽  
Petrochemical Industry ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Sludge Retention Time ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic ◽  
Industry Wastewater

scholarly journals ASSESSMENT OF PETROLEUM COMPONENT CONTAMINATION OF WATER IN THE TEMERNIK RIVER AND ITS INFLUENCE ON THE DON RIVER

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (6) ◽  
pp. 112-117
Author(s):  
V.E. Kotova ◽  
◽  
Yu.А. Andreev ◽  
О.А. Mikhaylenko ◽  
I.А. Ryazantseva
Keyword(s):  
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Chemical Oxygen Demand ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
River Estuary ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Contamination Assessment ◽  
River Contamination ◽  
Pollutant Concentrations ◽  
Don River ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic

Here, we report the results of petroleum component contamination assessment of the Temernik river and the Don river. Our aim was to study the hydrocarbon group content of petroleum components in the river water. Thus, we determined the mass concentrations of chemical oxygen demand, petroleum components, and aliphatic and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. In the Temernik river, the concentrations of chemical oxygen demand, petroleum components, sum of aliphatic and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons were 21.4–34.4 mg/L, 0.14–6.0 mg/L, 10–18 μg/L, and 0.17–2.9 μg/L, respectively. The concentrations of chemical oxygen demand, petroleum components, and benzo[a]pyrene exceeded the maximum permissible concentration by 1.4–2.3, 2.8-120, and 1.3–5.8 times, respectively. In the Don river, the concentrations of chemical oxygen demand, petroleum components, sum of aliphatic and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons were 18.7-29.5 mg/L, 0.08- 0.16 mg/L, 8.2-12 μg/L, and 0.03-0.13 μg/L, respectively. The Severnoe reservoir was the less contaminated part of the river. The Temernik river estuary was the most contaminated part of the river. The pollutant concentrations increased in the Don River downstream of the Temernik river estuary. Therefore, the Temernik river influences on the Don river contamination. The chemical oxygen demand, petroleum components, and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons had the close distribution of concentrations in the rivers. However, the aliphatic hydrocarbon concentration changed in another way. The results of the study showed that the hydrocarbon groups of petroleum components can have different sources.

scholarly journals Removal of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) from Produced Water by Ferrate (VI) Oxidation

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. 3132
Author(s):  
Tahir Haneef ◽  
Muhammad Raza Ul Mustafa ◽  
Khamaruzaman Wan Yusof ◽  
Mohamed Hasnain Isa ◽  
Mohammed J.K. Bashir ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Contact Time ◽  
Produced Water ◽  
Total Concentration ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Coefficient Of Determination ◽  
Operating Parameters ◽  
Efficient Treatment ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are mutagenic and carcinogenic contaminants made up of fused benzene rings. Their presence has been reported in several wastewater streams, including produced water (PW), which is the wastewater obtained during oil and gas extraction from onshore or offshore installations. In this study, ferrate (VI) oxidation was used for the first time for the treatment of 15 PAHs, with the total concentration of 1249.11 μg/L in the produced water sample. The operating parameters viz., ferrate (VI) dosage, pH, and contact time were optimized for maximum removal of PAHs and chemical oxygen demand (COD). Central composite design (CCD) based on response surface methodology (RSM) was used for optimization and modeling to evaluate the optimal values of operating parameters. PAH and COD removal percentages were selected as the dependent variables. The study showed that 89.73% of PAHs and 73.41% of COD were removed from PW at the optimal conditions of independent variables, i.e., ferrate (VI) concentration (19.35 mg/L), pH (7.1), and contact time (68.34 min). The high values of the coefficient of determination (R2) for PAH (96.50%) and COD (98.05%) removals show the accuracy and the suitability of the models. The results showed that ferrate (VI) oxidation was an efficient treatment method for the successful removal of PAHs and COD from PW. The study also revealed that RSM is an effective tool for the optimization of operating variables, which could significantly help to reduce the time and cost of experimentation.

scholarly journals Sonication of Petrochemical Industry Wastewaters

2021 ◽  
pp. 39-58
Author(s):  
Rukiye Oztekin ◽  
Delia Teresa Sponza
Keyword(s):  
Petrochemical Industry ◽  
Capillary Column ◽  
Degradation Mechanism ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Gas Analysis ◽  
Sonication Time ◽  
Mass Selective Detector ◽  
Selective Detector ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic ◽  
Industry Wastewater

The objective of the study was the treatment of the pollutants (dissolved chemical oxygen demand (CODdis), total organic carbon (TOC) and total and individual polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH)) present in the petrochemical industry wastewater (PCI) by sonication. The effects of increasing sonication times (0 min, 60 min, 120 and 150 min), sonication temperatures (25oC, 30oC and 60oC), on the CODdis, TOC and (PAH) removal efficiencies were researched at a sonication frequency of 35 kHz and a sonication power of 640. All the PAHs and their metabolites were measured by an gas chromatography (Agilent 6890 NC) equipped with a mass selective detector (Agilent 5973 inert MSD) with a capillary column (HP5-MS, 30 m, 0.25mm, 0.25µm)). The CH4, CO2 and H2 gas analysis, CODdis, TOC and the other pollutants were measured according to Standard Methods. As the sonication time and temperature were increased from 60 to 120 and 150 min, and from 25oC to 30oC and to 60oC, the CODdis, total PAH and TOC yields increased from 80.16% to 92.15%, from 78.37% to 94.23% and from 79.65% to 96.90%, respectively. The PAHs intermediates namely, 1–methylnaphthalene, 9–hydroxyfluorene, 9,10–phenanthrenequione, benzoic acid, 1,2,3–thiadiazole–4–carboxylic acid, naphthalene, p–hydroxybenzoic acid, fluorene, di–hydroxy pyrene, pyrene di–hydrodiol were sonodegraded with yields of 92.11%, 95.23%, 98.42%, 97.34%, 99.44%, 96.30%, 99.36%, 97.17%, 99.63% and 99.98% respectively, after 150 min, at 25oC. The presence of CH4, H2 and CO2 gases during sonication showed that the degradation mechanism of the PAHs is ‘‘pyrolysis”.

scholarly journals Assessment of Pollution Status around ‘Awosuuru’ Dump-Site, Osogbo, Nigeria.

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
F A Akanfe
Keyword(s):  
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Physicochemical Parameters ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Underground Water ◽  
Dump Site ◽  
Pollution Status ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic ◽  
Flame Ionisation Detector ◽  
Ionisation Detector

The physicochemical properties with their distribution pattern and sources of sixteen polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) listed as priority pollutants were investigated in underground water, sediment and soil samples around ‘Awosuuru’ dump-site in Osogbo Nigeria. The physicochemical parameters; degree of acidity (pH), total organic carbon (TOC), Biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), and chemical oxygen demand (BOD), in the samples were determined using standard methods. The polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were analyzed quantitatively and qualitatively in the samples using gas chromatography coupled with flame ionisation detector (GC-FID). The values of pH and TOC ranged from 7.76 to 8.02 and 0.82 to 1.01 (wt%) in water; 7.70 to 8.34 and 0.35 to 1.17(wt%) in sediment; 8.03 to 8.56 and 0.51 to 1.05 (wt%) in soil respectively, BOD ranged from 0.02 to 0.07 (mg/L) and COD from 36.40 to 64.40 (mg/L) in water samples. The physicochemical parameters result showed that the samples have some amount of carbonates, biodegradable and oxidizable pollutants and organic matter reflecting pollution in the study area. The concentrations of PAHs recorded in the samples indicated moderate pollution. Various diagnostic PAHs ratios indicate pyrolytic source majorly from burning of refuse. Also, the health implication of the pollution status of the study area was discussed.

Effects of sludge retention time and biosurfactant on the treatment of polyaromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) in a petrochemical industry wastewater

2011 ◽  
Vol 64 (11) ◽  
pp. 2282-2292 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. T. Sponza ◽  
O. Gok
Keyword(s):  
Retention Time ◽  
Petrochemical Industry ◽  
Polyaromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Waste Sludge ◽  
Sludge Retention Time ◽  
Pah Biodegradation ◽  
Benzene Rings ◽  
Activated Sludge Reactor ◽  
Microbial Products

A laboratory-scale aerobic activated sludge reactor (AASR) system was employed to investigate the effects of sludge retention time (SRT) on the removal of three polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) with low benzene rings [(acenaphthene (ACT), fluorene (FLN) and phenanthrene (PHE)] and six PAHs with high benzene rings [(benzo[b]fluoranthene (BbF), benzo[k]fluoranthene (BkF), benzo[a]pyrene (BaP), indeno[1,2,3-cd]pyrene, dibenz[a,h]anthracene (DahA), benzo[g,h,i]perylene (BghiP)] in the presence of rhamnolipid (RD), emulsan (EM) and surfactine (SR) biosurfactants. This study showed that biosurfactants enhance the PAH biodegradation by increasing the biomass growth. RD exhibits a better performance than the other biosurfactants in the removal of the chemical oxygen demand (COD) and PAHs. At a RD concentration of 15 mg/L aerobic treatment for 25 days, SRT was enough to remove over 95% of total PAHs, and CODdis. Under the same conditions 75% of COD originating from the inert organics (CODinert) and 96% of COD originating from the inert soluble microbial products (CODimp) were removed. At 25 days SRT and 15 mg/L RD concentration, about 88% of PAHs were biodegraded by the AASR system, 4% were accumulated in the system, 3% were released in the effluent, and 5% remained in the waste sludge.

scholarly journals Comparison of ΣLMW Utilization Rate from Saline Wastewater in SBR Reactors with Granular and Flocked Activated Sludge

Proceedings ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 17
Author(s):  
Ofman ◽  
Skoczko
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Biological Oxygen Demand ◽  
Utilization Rate ◽  
Low Molecular Weight ◽  
Saline Wastewater ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic

Paper discuses changes in utilization rate of Low Molecular Weight polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons PAHs in sequencing bath reactors (SBR) operating with flocked and aerobic granular activated sludge. Studies were carried out in laboratory scale SBR reactors filled with model wastewater characterized by salinity at level 4.00 g·dm−3. Wastewater inflowing to laboratory reactors was characterized by varying biological oxygen demand (BOD) load in the range of 0.05–1.60 kg BOD·kg−1·d−1.

scholarly journals Extraction of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons and Polychlorinated Biphenyls from Urban and Olive Mill Wastewaters Intended for Reuse in Agricultural Irrigation

2020 ◽  
Vol 103 (2) ◽  
pp. 382-391
Author(s):  
Maria Concetta Bruzzoniti ◽  
Luca Rivoira ◽  
Michele Castiglioni ◽  
Ayoub El Ghadraoui ◽  
Abdelaali Ahmali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Polychlorinated Biphenyls ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Wastewater Reuse ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Water Source ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic ◽  
Analytical Procedures ◽  
Olive Mill

Abstract Background: Domestic and industrial wastewater can be introduced in a reuse chain for irrigation purposes. Objective: In this paper, we developed analytical procedures for the extraction of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) along a wastewater reuse chain for irrigation purposes. Besides urban wastewaters, olive mill wastewater (OMWW) was considered as a potential water source. Wastewaters were purified by different treatments (urban wastewater plants, pilot-activated sludge, and constructed wetland) and used for the irrigation of olive trees. Suitable extraction procedures were used to analyze treated and untreated wastewaters, soils, and postirrigation leachates. Results: For wastewater and leachate samples, the optimized reverse-phase solid-phase extraction (SPE) provided recoveries up to 79%. For OMWW, the SPE procedure was preceded by a normal-phase purification stage with silica gel for the removal of polyphenols, which were as high as 8.7 g/L. After optimization, extraction recoveries in blank solutions were in the range 20–67% and moderately reduced (10–38%) in OMWW as a result of the matrix effect (ME; –10/–60%) ascribed to the very high value of chemical oxygen demand (264 g/L). LODs of the method were below 1.1 µg/L (PAHs) and 3.2 µg/L (PCBs) using GC-MS analysis. For soil samples of different compositions, microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) provided better extraction recoveries and reproducibility than the more common quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged, and safe approach, which was affected by a high ME. The LODs of the MAE/GC-MS method were below 4.9 µg/kg (PAHs) and 12.3 µg/kg (PCBs). Conclusions: The analytical procedures developed are a valuable tool to quantify the possible propagation of residual contamination from PAHs/PCBs with irrigation along the wastewater reuse chain.

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