scholarly journals El espacio público en Le Corbusier. Evolución de su pensamiento y de sus estrategias formales

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eusebio Alonso García
Keyword(s):  
Public Space ◽  
Urban Space ◽  
Urban Landscape ◽  
Le Corbusier ◽  
Design Solution ◽  
Temporal Perspective ◽  
Spatial Strategies ◽  
Palabras Clave ◽  
Community Meeting ◽  
Relationship Of

Resumen: Se analiza el papel del espacio público en diferentes obras de Le Corbusier, en sus diferentes categorías –paisaje, espacio urbano, colectivo, comunitario, de encuentro y relación, social, circulatorio, etc. – y en su implicación en las estrategias formales y espaciales. Articularemos estas reflexiones en tres apartados. El primero incidirá en la relación o identificación que se produce entre paisaje y espacio público en sus propuestas urbanísticas en las décadas de los años veinte y treinta. En el segundo apartado contrastaremos las diferencias y similitudes entre dos proyectos, UHM y Ronchamp, entendidos a veces como contradictorios pero en cuya solución proyectual resulta determinante el diseño y ubicación de los espacios colectivos de encuentro y relación de la comunidad; y ello a pesar de sus diferencias programáticas. En el tercer apartado veremos la interacción con el paisaje urbano que establece la dialéctica entre arquitectura y ciudad en dos proyectos de los últimos años, Centro de Artes Visuales Carpenter y Hospital de Venecia. Esta breve selección de edificios y proyectos, dentro de la dilatada producción de Le Corbusier, permitirá, por su adscripción temática y cronológica, establecer una adecuada perspectiva temporal en la compresión del tema y su evolución. Abstract: It is analysed the role of the public space in different works of Le Corbusier, in their different categories - landscape, urban space, collective, community, meeting and relationship, social, circulatory, etc. - and their involvement in formal and spatial strategies. We are going to distribute these reflections into three sections. The first will affect the relationship or identification that occurs between landscape and public space in its urban planning proposals in the decades of the 1920s and 1930s. In the second section, we will contrast the differences and similarities between two projects, UHM y Ronchamp, sometimes understood like contradictory but in whose design solution is determining the design and location of collective spaces of encounter and relationship of the community; and it occurs despite their functional differences. In the third section we will see the interaction with the urban landscape that the dialectic between architecture and town sets in two projects of last years, Carpenter Visuals Arts Center and Venice Hospital. This brief selection of buildings and projects, within the extensive production of Le Corbusier, will allow, by its thematic and chronological affiliation, to establish a suitable temporal perspective in the understanding of the subject and its evolution.  Palabras clave: espacio público; interrelación; paisaje; infraestructura; contexto; ciudad. Keywords: public space; interface; landscape; infrastructure; context; town. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/LC2015.2015.1012

scholarly journals Diagrama y Arquitectura. La Sintaxis Espacial en el Carpenter Center for the Visual Arts

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan Alejandro Saldarriaga
Keyword(s):  
Public Space ◽  
Design Process ◽  
Space Syntax ◽  
Le Corbusier ◽  
Palabras Clave ◽  
Literary Images ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
A Site ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Resumen: El proceso de diseño para el CCVA comienza con dos frases que escribe Le Corbusier durante su primera visita al sitio en 1959. Sólo cinco meses después hace los primeros dibujos. De ahí la relación de este edificio con la sintaxis, si ésta se entiende como la búsqueda del orden y de la relación de los espacios. La sintaxis se observa aquí desde las primeras imágenes literarias hasta el nivel de definición de la forma, en el que se usan maquetas esquemáticas y desarmables, así como recortes de las áreas requeridas por el programa, con los que se experimenta de diversas maneras en un plano del sitio. Además de su interés persistente por diversos tipos de circulación, esta metodología emparenta al edificio con algunos proyectos de Le Corbusier donde también hace uso de los diagramas funcionales, o "diagrammes à bulles", como él los llama. El mismo tipo de diagrama fue usado más tarde por Bill Hillier en un método para analizar la arquitectura que llamó la "sintaxis espacial". Este método, además de analizar el orden y la relación de los espacios, permite entender su permeabilidad con el espacio público. Al ser un edificio atravesado por una ruta pública, y al iniciarse con imágenes literarias, se hace pertinente verlo a través de su sintaxis espacial. Abstract: The design process for the CCVA begins with two phrases that Le Corbusier writes during his first visit to the site in 1959. Only five months later the first drawings appear. Hence the relationship of the building with the syntax, if this is understood as the search for the order and the relationships in space. The syntax is observed here from the first literary images up to the definition of the form, in which schematic architectural models are used, but also cut-out areas required by the program, which are disposed in different ways on a site plan. In addition to his persistent interest in various types of movement, this methodology can also be seen in other projects where Le Corbusier also makes use of functional diagrams, or as he calls them: "diagrammes à bulles ". The same kind of diagram was used later by Bill Hillier in a method for analyzing architecture that he called the "space syntax". This method, in addition to analyzing the order and the relationship of spaces, can help to understand their permeability with respect to public space. As a building crossed by a public path, and as design process that starts with literary images, it becomes relevant to see it through its spatial syntax.  Palabras clave: Le Corbusier; diagrama, sintaxis espacial; espacio público; métodos de creación. Keywords: Le Corbusier; diagram, space syntax; public space; creation methods. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/LC2015.2015.888

scholarly journals CORREDORES URBANOS COMO CONECTORES DE VIDA PÚBLICA. DIAGNÓSTICO DE LOS CORREDORES URBANOS CENTRALES EN LA AVENIDA 24 DE MAYO, AZOGUES

2021 ◽  
pp. 78-107
Author(s):  
Lizeth Benavides ◽  
Natasha Cabrera_Jara ◽  
Belén Campoverde_Bermeo
Keyword(s):  
Public Space ◽  
Mobility Model ◽  
Original Research ◽  
The Public ◽  
Palabras Clave ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Urban Corridor ◽  
Siglo Xx ◽  
The Relationship

El cambio de modelo urbano asumido durante el siglo XX, trajo un sinnúmero de problemas como la priorización del vehículo, por lo que en la última década han surgido esfuerzos para dotar de importancia al ciudadano de a pie, en el espacio público. Esta investigación estudió las condiciones físico-espaciales de un corredor urbano donde el modelo centrado en el vehículo se acentúa, con la fnalidad de generar posibles estrategias que reviertan esta situación. Se tomó como caso de estudio a la Av. 24 de Mayo, en Azogues, y se lo analizó mediante una metodología mixta, que evaluó, detalladamente, tres zonas de estudio, determinando que la falta de accesibilidad y conectividad y el modelo de movilidad defendido por la ciudadanía, en general, infuyen directamente en las condiciones del espacio público peatonal y por ende en la habitabilidad urbana, perjudicando los desplazamientos a pie. Palabras clave: Espacio público; habitabilidad urbana; conectividad; accesibilidad; percepción. AbstractThe change of urban model assumed during the 20th century, brought countless problems such as the prioritization of vehicles, so in the last decade eforts have emerged to give importance to the citizen on foot in the public space. This original research studied the relationship of urban habitability with the physical-spatial conditions of an urban corridor, where the vehicle-centered model is accentuated, to generate possible strategies to reverse this situation. The Av. 24 de Mayo in Azogues was taken as a case study and analyzed using a mixed methodology that evaluated in detail three study areas, determining that the lack of accessibility and connectivity and the mobility model defended by citizens in general have a direct infuence on the conditions of the pedestrianpublic space and, therefore, on urban habitability, which afects walking Keywords: Public space; urban habitability; connectivity; accessibility; perception.

scholarly journals Sustainability of Historical Heritage: The Conservation of the Xi’an City Wall

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 740 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shusheng Wang ◽  
Yuan Jiang ◽  
Yuqian Xu ◽  
Linjie Zhang ◽  
Xinpeng Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Public Space ◽  
Urban Space ◽  
Urban Landscape ◽  
Policy Formulation ◽  
City Wall ◽  
Space Pattern ◽  
Historical Heritage ◽  
Future Policy ◽  
Xi’An City

This paper studies the Xi’an City Wall (XCW) as a sustainable historical heritage. Based on the conservation process of XCW, the study is focused on four experiences that drive its sustainable development. First, the opening of gates through XCW helped to maximize its preservation while meeting the needs for urban transportation. Second, transforming XCW into an urban public space facilitated the gradual building of its camp into a city-dominated landscape. Furthermore, integrating social activities into the public space carried by XCW brought people closer to the heritage. Moreover, the use of XCW as the benchmark for the modern Xi’an urban space pattern ensured the continuation of its historical coordinates on the basis. In order to maintain the sustainability of XCW, a future sustainable development plan is put forward according to the Historic Urban Landscape (HUL) approach proposed by UNESCO. This plan has a generalization guiding significance for the future policy formulation of XCW. Findings from this study serve as a reference for the planning and conservation of historical heritage in cities.

scholarly journals The instrumental time of memory: local politics and urban aesthetics in a tourism context

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 2-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonio-Miguel Nogués-Pedregal
Keyword(s):  
Public Space ◽  
Urban Space ◽  
Local Politics ◽  
Participant Observation ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Expressive Dimension ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Urban Aesthetics

Purpose This paper aims to show that tourism is one of the most perfect creations of the capitalist mode of production insofar as not only does it consume places and territories and perpetuate dependency relations, but in the expressive dimension, it also produces feelings and meanings and generates a new relationship of the past with the present and future (chronotope). Design/methodology/approach The study was carried out using a socio-anthropological approach with participant observation over several decades. Findings The modes of time are described and how the tourism chronotope shapes the historic centre of a consolidated tourist destination. The case study, analysed with the model of the “conversion of place through the mediation of tourism space”, illustrates the prevalence of instrumental and commercial values over one’s own aesthetic-expressive values in tourism contexts. This fact encourages the emergence of local political projects and the incorporation of uniformities outside the local place. These processes end up uprooting the anchors from collective memory. The definition of territories according to visitors’ imaginaries and expectations encourages the abusive occupation of public space and the adoption of new aesthetic attributes of urban space. Research limitations/implications Because of the chosen research approach and methodologies, the research results may lack generalisability. Therefore, researchers are encouraged to test both the model and the propositions further. Originality/value This study approaches the relationship of the idea Tourism with the idea Development based on the anchors of memory.

scholarly journals La ciudad elevada de Le Corbusier

ZARCH ◽  
2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernando Zaparaín Hernández
Keyword(s):  
Urban Planning ◽  
Key Words ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Urban Landscape ◽  
Ground Level ◽  
Le Corbusier ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Palabras Clave ◽  
Effective Combination ◽  
Nuevas Tecnologías

Muchas de las imágenes con las que Le Corbusier construyó su paisaje urbano procedían de las infraestructuras elevadas. Estas le aportaron dos visiones novedosas: se sustituía al tradicional observador a ras de suelo por la vista de pájaro y se superaba el estatismo de la perspectiva focal con un travelling dinámico desde el automóvil. Para conseguirlo, tomó prestada de la ingeniería civil la idea de crear una plataforma sobre pilotis, en la que disponer los edificios y las calles. Empleó la superposición de usos que permitía esa sección como instrumento urbanístico para zonificar y separar las circulaciones de lo habitacional. Esa plataforma, que al principio se limitaba al nivel inferior, evolucionó inspirándose en autopistas y puentes para definir algunos recursos plásticos que luego fueron imprescindibles en su arquitectura, como el viaducto habitado o la rampa, siempre asociados al movimiento y con dimensión territorial. De este análisis se desprende la habilidad corbuseriana para traducir las nuevas tecnologías a formas verdaderamente abstractas, su versatilidad para usar a diversas escalas los mismos elementos, la fidelidad a sus sistemas característicos y la capacidad para generar grandes iconos de la modernidad mediante la eficaz combinación propagandística de imágenes, gráficos y eslóganes. Palabras clave: Le Corbusier, ciudad, infraestructuras, circulaciones, viaductos Many of the images used by Le Corbusier to depict his urban landscape are from the high ways and bridges. This allowed him to change the traditional point of view in two ways: replacing the traditional observer at ground level by the bird's eye and changing the statism of the focal perspective which was replaced with a dynamic traveling from the car. To do this, he borrowed from civil engineering the idea of ​​creating a platform of pilotis, and to putting up the buildings and the streets. He used the superposition of uses that allowed that section as an urban planning instrument to zoning and separate the circulations of the housing. This platform, which at first was limited to the lower level, evolved inspired by motorways and bridges to define some plastic resources that were then essential in its architecture, such as the inhabited viaduct or ramp, always associated with movement and territorial dimension. This analysis reveals the ability of Le Corbusier to translate new technologies into truly abstract forms, his versatility to use the same elements at different scales, his fidelity to their characteristic systems and his ability to generate great icons of modernity through the effective combination of propaganda, images, graphics and slogans. Key words: Le Corbusier, city, road infrastructure, circulation, viaduct

scholarly journals Practical urban: The urbanity and its relationship with the contemporary city.

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rodrigo Balestra ◽  
Amilton Arruda ◽  
Pablo Bezerra ◽  
Isabela Moroni
Keyword(s):  
Public Space ◽  
Urban Space ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
Urban Landscape ◽  
18Th Century ◽  
Social Representations ◽  
Industrial Age ◽  
The World ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The City

As the Industrial Revolution took place and steam driven machines emerged in the 18th century, the Industrial Age began and cities became the core of industrial and populational growth. That phenomena occurred as the job opportunities and quality of life increasingly developed away from the countryside, with the arrival of electricity and inventions such as the light bulb, thanks to important people like Sir Joseph Swan and Thomas Edison. The city, therefore, can be looked in two different ways: the urban space, occupied with tangible elements, and the social environment, filled with urban practices and cohabitation. An essential matter in many disciplines, the city is a recurrent topic for researchers who seek to understand this phenomenon of human activities. The history behind the rise of the cities show tell us about the creation of urban spaces and its manifestations, functions, transformations and the complexity inherent to the various typologies in cities all over the world. The city is a scenario full of overlapping messages that characterize the accessibility and urban communication. This is defined by Nojima (1999) as the result of the interaction between social representations and the scenario where they occur. It is through the interpretation of these messages that are manifested in the urban design accessible from cities (streets, buildings, gardens, squares, furnitures), that the individual defines the elements that identify their city. This paper discovery the concepts of city and their accessibility relationships with urban practices - design of urban activity - that directly influence the implementation of urban furniture and, above all, the importance given to them by the population, with regard to its true functions (adequacy, accessibility, ergonomics, identity and others) of their uses and appropriations. It is important for the study also understand the urban furniture relation with the project of cities - is to complement the public space or the way how interferes the urban landscape. It is need to understand how society is shown in front of herself and the world itself that surrounds and what are the affective devices that make city living when connected - through the use - therefore, this is the powerfull forces of individuals and community , space practices created by the tactics of the population to allow theirs ambiance, wellness, safety and comfort, sensations often perceived by the set of elements that constitute the urban furniture of cities.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/IFDP.2016.3291

scholarly journals El color como componente paisajístico en los catálogos de paisaje urbano

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucas Períes ◽  
María Cecilia Kesman ◽  
Silvina de Lourdes Barraud
Keyword(s):  
Urban Space ◽  
Urban Landscape ◽  
Measurement Information ◽  
Colorimetric Measurement ◽  
Planning And Design ◽  
Nature And Culture ◽  
Palabras Clave ◽  
Urban Planning And Design ◽  
Landscape Character ◽  
The City

Resumen Se puede evidenciar una deficiencia en los procesos de planificación y diseño urbanos con un enfoque paisajístico, y es por lo que el color urbano puede entenderse como un componte significativo que contribuye a consolidar el carácter paisajístico de la ciudad y a delimitar de áreas homogéneas. El presente trabajo tiene como objetivo abordar el color urbano dentro del marco de la construcción de una metodología para la elaboración de catálogos de paisaje urbano (CPU) aplicables en distintas estructuras físico-espaciales urbanas y contextos geográficos. A partir de registros fotográficos en formato de barrido panorámico, capturados en puntos de observación del espacio urbano, y mediante el uso de software, se generan esquemas cromáticos representativos de la imagen paisajística. Desde las fases de identificación y caracterización, el resultado es una interpretación objetiva y cualitativa de la información de medición colorimétrica (sistema de color HSL) que permite relacionar e identificar la composición de color ambiental del paisaje considerando en igual medida a la naturaleza y a la cultura (construcciones antrópicas), y de cómo esto permite orientar planes y proyectos urbanos. Palabras clave: color ambiental, cromática, diseño urbano, espacio urbano, esquemas colorimétricos, paisajismo   Abstract A deficiency in urban planning and design processes can be evidenced with a landscape approach, which is why the urban color can be understood as a significant component that contributes to consolidating the landscape character of the city. The work aims to address the urban color in the framework of the construction of a methodology for the elaboration of "Urban Landscape Catalogs" (CPU) applicable in different urban physical-spatial structures and geographical contexts. From photographic records in panoramic scanning format, captured in observation points of the urban space and through the use of software, representative color schemes of the landscape image are generated. From the identification and characterization phases, the result is an objective and qualitative interpretation of the colorimetric measurement information (HSL color system) that allows to relate and identify the environmental color composition of the landscape considering nature and culture in equal measure (anthropic constructions) and how this allows to guide urban plans and projects. Keywords: environmental color, chromatic, urban design, urban space, colorimetric schemes, landscaping   Recibido: julio 1 / 2019  Evaluado: septiembre 25 / 2019  Aceptado: noviembre 13 / 2019 Publicado en línea: diciembre de 2019                 Actualizado: diciembre de 2019  

Spaces of the City

Global Cities ◽  
2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Gottlieb ◽  
Simon Ng
Keyword(s):  
Los Angeles ◽  
Public Space ◽  
Urban Space ◽  
Open Space ◽  
Elderly Women ◽  
Alternative View ◽  
Spatial Strategies ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Village ◽  
The City

The chapter analyzes and compares the different uses of urban space – whether public space, open space, or privatized space -- in Los Angeles, Hong Kong, and China. It contrasts the modernist spatial strategies that cater to the automobile and traffic flow and the desire for speed with an alternative view about a more walkable, bikeable, and transit friendly urban environment. It compares the immigrant and different ethnic experiences – a Latino immigrant urbanism in Los Angeles, elderly women dancing in the streets of the city in China, or the immigrant communities constructed in the village-in-the-city enclaves in places like Shenzhen and Guangzhou. It describes the rise of the gated communities in all three places in contrast to the growing advocacy around the right to the city for everyone.

scholarly journals Grass-Roots Initiatives and Bottom-Up Musealisation Mechanisms in Urban Space: The Case of Heraklion Crete

Heritage ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 1912-1926
Author(s):  
Konstantina Nikolopoulou
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Public Space ◽  
Urban Space ◽  
Urban Landscape ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Tourist Destination ◽  
Bottom Up ◽  
Grass Roots ◽  
Grass Roots Initiatives ◽  
The City

Heraklion is gradually transforming into the newest tourist destination in Crete, which is one of the most popular island destinations in Greece. The regional statutory and local tourist bodies aim to develop Heraklion as a destination per se, overcoming the “gateway to the rest of the island” identity that the city currently holds. At the same time, grass-roots initiatives are active in the city context, defending public space and urban cultural heritage, in idiosyncratic, bottom-up ways. This paper investigates the role undertaken by three such initiatives, currently active in Heraklion, to better comprehend their possible impact on the urban landscape and cultural heritage, within this gradually developing tourist landscape. The structure, aims and vision of the initiatives were documented through semi-structured interviews. Their actions, despite being diverse, are compared to the wider activity of similar initiatives in Greece, especially against neoliberal politics, culminating in defending public space, activating bottom-up musealisation mechanisms and participating in urban design in their own ways.

Chinese Transition to a Consumer Society and its Reflection on the Urban Landscape

2011 ◽  
Vol 243-249 ◽  
pp. 6457-6460
Author(s):  
Ming Xiao
Keyword(s):  
Public Space ◽  
Urban Space ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Urban Landscape ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Shopping Mall ◽  
Initial Reaction ◽  
Consumer Society ◽  
Shopping Malls ◽  
Social Scene

China’s newly constructed shopping malls in the urban areas have greatly changed citizens’ shopping and living habits, altering the fabric of the urban space, and modifying the social scene. The citizen’s initial reaction to this development is hot pursuit that eventually gives way to boredom. This paper discusses the relationship between the shopping mall and the urban environment, from the point of view of public space. It shows public space ruled and controlled in the shopping mall. It shows that urban shopping malls do not respond to the citizens expectations and demands for public space, and that the citizens’ need for social public space is irreplaceable. Ultimately, this paper points out that to the need for further research in the area of public space, it must to fulfill the needs of city dwellers.

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