scholarly journals Design and development of driving simulator scenarios for road validation studies

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan Fco. Dols Ruiz
Keyword(s):  
Validation Studies ◽  
Driving Simulator ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Basic Structure ◽  
Driving Simulators ◽  
Aerial Photos ◽  
Engineering Research ◽  
The Road ◽  
Consulting Firms ◽  
Institute Of Design

In recent years, the number of road-based studies using driving simulators is growing significantly. This allows evaluating controlled situations that otherwise would require disproportionate observations in time and/or cost. The Institute of Design and Manufacturing (IDF) of the Polytechnic University of Valencia (UPV) has developed, in collaboration with the Engineering Research Group Highway (GIIC) of the UPV, a low cost simulator that allows rapid implementation and effectively a new methodology for validation studies of different roads through the implementation in the simulator scenarios of existing roads. This methodology allows the development of new scenarios based on the analysis of a layers-file system. Each layer includes different information from the road, such as mapping, geometry, signaling, aerial photos, etc. The creation of the simulated scenario is very fast based on the geometric design software, making it easier to consulting firms using the system that can evaluate and audit a particular route, obtaining reliable conclusions at minimal cost, even if the road is not actually built. This paper describes the basic structure of the layers generated for developing scenarios and guidelines for the implementation thereof. Finally the application of this methodology to a case of success will be described.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/CIT2016.2016.4088

scholarly journals VIRTUAL REALITY FOR LOW-COST AUTOMOTIVE DRIVING SIMULATOR IN VEHICLE ENGINEERING RESEARCH

2017 ◽  
Vol 79 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kang Hooi-Siang ◽  
Mohamad Kasim Abdul Jalil ◽  
Lee Kee-Quen
Keyword(s):  
Virtual Reality ◽  
Traffic Control ◽  
Vehicle Dynamics ◽  
Driving Simulator ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Driving Simulation ◽  
Interactive Simulation ◽  
Virtual Reality System ◽  
Vehicle Engineering ◽  
Engineering Research

Interactive simulation in automotive driving has enhanced the studies of driver behaviors, traffic control, and vehicle dynamics. The development of virtual reality (VR) technology leads to low cost, yet high fidelity, driving simulator become technically feasible. However, a good implementation of high realism and real-time interactive three-dimensional (3D) virtual environment (VE) in an automotive driving simulation are facing many technical challenges such as accessibility, dissimilarity, scalability, and sufficiency. The objective of this paper is to construct a virtual reality system for an automotive driving simulator. The technology with variations of terrain, roadway, buildings, and greenery was studied and developed in the VE of the simulator. Several important technical solutions in the construction of VE for driving simulation had been identified. Finally, the virtual reality system was interactively used in a driver-in-loop simulation for providing direct road elevation inputs to the analysis of vehicle dynamics model (VDM). The results indicated identical matching between the VDM inputs and the VE outputs. The outcomes of this paper lead to a human-in-the-loop foundation of a low-cost automotive driving simulator in the vehicle engineering research. 

The Time Cost of Head-Up Displays for Older Drivers: Critical Event Onset, Task Location, and Display Type

1997 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 1008-1012 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.K. Caird ◽  
J. Chugh
Keyword(s):  
Verbal Memory ◽  
Driving Simulator ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Older Drivers ◽  
Display Type ◽  
Critical Event ◽  
Safety Issues ◽  
The Road ◽  
Elderly Drivers ◽  
Display Location

The principle advantage of a head-up display (HUD) is that a driver does not have to take their eyes off the road. However, the advantage afforded by a HUD may be lost when surprising or unexpected events occur in the traffic environment. This study sought to determine the time-costs for elderly drivers associated with responses to the appearance of a pedestrian (critical event) while engaged in a HUD task. Sixteen older drivers (65 to 81, Mean = 73) interacted with a number of tasks presented in a low-cost driving simulator. Critical event onset after engaging in a HUD task (+100, +250, +1000 ms), display location (head-up, head-down), tracking difficulty (easy, hard), and display type (visual search, verbal memory) were the within-subjects variables. Analyses of perception-response time (PRT) and missed events (error) indicate that braking to a critical event, while performing a display task, is affected by the interaction between the temporal and spatial limitations of visual attention. HUD design and safety issues are briefly considered.

scholarly journals Validity of Mental Workload Measures in a Driving Simulation Environment

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesco Galante ◽  
Fabrizio Bracco ◽  
Carlo Chiorri ◽  
Luigi Pariota ◽  
Luigi Biggero ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Driving Simulator ◽  
Mental Workload ◽  
Critical Issue ◽  
Simulation Environment ◽  
Driving Simulators ◽  
The Road ◽  
Mixed Support ◽  
Vehicle Systems ◽  
Driving Task ◽  
On The Road

Automated in-vehicle systems and related human-machine interfaces can contribute to alleviating the workload of drivers. However, each new functionality can also introduce a new source of workload, due to the need to attend to new tasks and thus requires careful testing before being implemented in vehicles. Driving simulators have become a viable alternative to on-the-road tests, since they allow optimal experimental control and high safety. However, for each driving simulator to be a useful research tool, for each specific task an adequate correspondence must be established between the behavior in the simulator and the behavior on the road, namely, the simulator absolute and relative validity. In this study we investigated the validity of a driving-simulator-based experimental environment for research on mental workload measures by comparing behavioral and subjective measures of workload of the same large group of participants in a simulated and on-road driving task on the same route. Consistent with previous studies, mixed support was found for both types of validity, although results suggest that allowing more and/or longer familiarization sessions with the simulator may be needed to increase its validity. Simulator sickness also emerged as a critical issue for the generalizability of the results.

scholarly journals Use of a Driving Simulator to Facilitate Older People to Return to Driving

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 730-731
Author(s):  
Carolyn Unsworth ◽  
Megan White ◽  
Natasha Lannin
Keyword(s):  
Older People ◽  
Interest Group ◽  
Driving Simulator ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Older Drivers ◽  
Driving Simulators ◽  
Rehabilitation Unit ◽  
Safe Environment ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Driver Assessment

Abstract Driving simulators are a relatively underutilized therapy tool that provide an opportunity for older drivers with a range of health-related problems to participate in simulated driving scenarios in a low cost and safe environment. The aim of this paper is to (i) describe the use of a Forum 8 driving simulator prior to a driver assessment, (ii) detail the story-boarding technique used to develop and grade driving scenes to enable older drivers to increase confidence, practice using vehicle modifications such as a spinner knob (e.g. for one-handed driving following stroke), and train specific skills including visual scanning and attention, and (iii) present five case studies to identify the strengths and limitations of incorporating the simulator into therapy programs with older drivers. of simulator use. The establishment and use of a driving simulator in a rehabilitation unit highlights both the challenges and benefits of using this kind of technology in practice. Part of a symposium sponsored by Transportation and Aging Interest Group.

Visualization of Headlight Illumination for the Virtual Prototyping of Light-Based Driver–Assistance Systems

2016 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Berssenbrügge ◽  
Ansgar Trächtler ◽  
Christoph Schmidt
Keyword(s):  
Driving Simulator ◽  
Virtual Prototyping ◽  
Driver Assistance ◽  
Driver Assistance Systems ◽  
Driving Simulators ◽  
Visualization System ◽  
The Road ◽  
Assistance Systems ◽  
Lighting Systems ◽  
Project Partner

Driving simulators that are capable of simulating a virtual drive at night are increasingly used for the virtual prototyping of light-based driver–assistance systems (DAS). Here, the interplay between driver and assistance system, which enhances the illumination of the road ahead of the vehicle, is investigated. For such investigations, special driving simulators are applied that not only enable a standard driving simulation but also cover the special requirements for the visualization of a driving scenery at night, the simulation of automotive headlights during a virtual drive at night, and the interface to a headlight control module (HCM) that operates the physical headlight prototypes. In this paper, we present the visualization system of the reconfigurable driving simulator from the research project TRAFFIS. We describe the special application focus on the virtual prototyping of a light-based DAS from our project partner Varroc Lighting Systems. The light-based DAS is based on a headlight prototype that combines a glare-free high-beam (GFHB) function and a predictive adaptive frontlighting system (PAFS) for glare-free driving with maximized headlight time.

Road Maintenance with Opti-Grade®: Maintaining Road Networks to Achieve the Best Value

2003 ◽  
Vol 1819 (1) ◽  
pp. 282-286 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark Brown ◽  
Steve Mercier ◽  
Yves Provencher
Keyword(s):  
Road Network ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Travel Speed ◽  
Road Maintenance ◽  
Engineering Research ◽  
The Road ◽  
Road Management ◽  
Lack Of Information ◽  
Degradation Models ◽  
On The Road

Road management systems rely on the availability of quality information to make good decisions. A lack of information on the condition of the Canadian forest industry’s unpaved road network led to inappropriate management decisions. To fill this information gap the Forest Engineering Research Institute of Canada (FERIC) developed the Opti-Grade road management system. Opti-Grade is a low-cost tool that provides information about the road roughness and travel speed as the equipped road user’s vehicle travels on the road network. This information can then be used to focus grading activities where they will have the greatest impact on the road condition for the money invested. Further, over time, a history of the behavior of the roads can be built. With this history, degradation models can quickly and easily be produced to see which segments of the road network degrade the quickest and the most frequently. Problem segments can be identified. Valuable road evaluation budgets can then be focused on those sections to determine the cause of the problem. That will allow precious rehabilitation budgets to be focused where they can have the greatest impact. Opti-Grade is currently used by a large sector of FERIC member forest companies with payback periods shorter than 4 months. FERIC continues to improve the software to manage the data from the Opti-Grade system and increase the abilities of the decision support tools in the software.

scholarly journals Effects of Fog in a Brazilian Road Segment Analyzed by a Driving Simulator for Sustainable Transport: Drivers’ Visual Profile

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (16) ◽  
pp. 9448
Author(s):  
Felipe Calsavara ◽  
Felipe Issa Kabbach Junior ◽  
Ana Paula C. Larocca
Keyword(s):  
Driving Simulator ◽  
Weather Condition ◽  
Critical Factor ◽  
Road Segment ◽  
Sustainable Transport ◽  
Driving Simulators ◽  
Traffic Crashes ◽  
The Road ◽  
Infrastructure Design ◽  
Multiple Vehicles

Visibility is a critical factor for drivers to perceive roadway information, and fog is an inclement weather condition that directly impacts their vision, since it reduces both overall contrast and visibility of the driving scene. Visual attention has been considered a contributing factor to traffic crashes, and fog-related accidents are prone to be more severe and involve multiple vehicles. The literature lacks studies on the influence of fog on drivers’ visual performance and environment’s infrastructure design. This article investigates the effects of fog on drivers’ performance in a Brazilian curved road segment through a driving simulator experiment – more precisely, whether the presence of fog (foggy scenario) or its absence (clear scenario) significantly affects the visual profile. In the foggy scenario, the results showed the tracked area was concentrated in a smaller region, despite an increase in the number of fixations compared with the clear scenario. The fixation duration did not change between the scenarios and the pupil dilation was shorter in the foggy one. The study shows the influence of environmental conditions on the driver’s performance and is one of the first on the use of driving simulators with realistic representations of the road infrastructure and its surrounding for the understanding of driving under fog in the Brazilian scenario. Besides roadway geometry elements, driving simulator studies enable analyses of features related to the interaction between route environment and driver’s answer, and can improve safety in places with visibility problems caused by fog, reducing their environmental impact and preserving drivers’ lives.

Research on Fidelity of Driving Simulators

2011 ◽  
Vol 308-310 ◽  
pp. 1880-1884 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pei Xin Li ◽  
Yan Ding Wei ◽  
Xiao Jun Zhou ◽  
Chun Yu Wei ◽  
Ming Xiang Xie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Control Algorithm ◽  
Driving Simulator ◽  
Steering Wheel ◽  
Dynamics Modeling ◽  
Driving Simulators ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
The Road ◽  
Body Dynamics ◽  
Wheel Torque ◽  
Multi Body

Through analyzing the specialty and limitation of the current driving simulators, the main factors affecting fidelity of driving simulators are summarized. Then, a new driving simulator of high fidelity based on the multi-body dynamics is proposed, with focus on the dynamics modeling and the road feel. Furthermore, a control algorithm of the road feel is designed and by the means of co-simulations in MATLAB/Simulink and ADAMS environment, the measuring steering wheel torque proves the control algorithm of road feel is reasonable. The control algorithm has been put into practice and got satisfactory results.

Topological and Kinematic Analysis of a 6-DOF Driving Simulator

2015 ◽  
Vol 762 ◽  
pp. 119-124
Author(s):  
Cătălin Boantă ◽  
Ciprian Lăpusan ◽  
Dan Dumitriu ◽  
Veturia Chiroiu ◽  
Cornel Brişan
Keyword(s):  
Kinematic Analysis ◽  
Driving Simulator ◽  
Numerical Solutions ◽  
Driving Simulators ◽  
Matlab Simulink ◽  
Professional Drivers ◽  
Mechanical Structure ◽  
The Road ◽  
Virtual Modeling ◽  
Topological Synthesis

Driving simulators represent a novel way to reproduce the movements of a vehicle with the purpose of testing different cars, to prevent dangerous situations, entertainment and also to train the professional drivers. More, they are used to render the effects of the interactions between the car and the road, as a consequence of the constrains imposed by the road: different folds, cavities. This work presents the topological synthesis, the kinematic analysis and the virtual modeling of driving simulator. The mechanical structure of the simulator is modeled in the Matlab/Simulink environment, generally used the advantages of numerical solutions.

Visualization of Headlight Illumination for the Virtual Prototyping of Light-Based Driver Assistance Systems

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Berssenbrügge ◽  
Ansgar Trächtler ◽  
Christoph Schmidt
Keyword(s):  
Driving Simulator ◽  
Virtual Prototyping ◽  
Assistance System ◽  
Driver Assistance ◽  
Driver Assistance Systems ◽  
Driving Simulators ◽  
Visualization System ◽  
The Road ◽  
Assistance Systems ◽  
Lighting Systems

Driving simulators that are capable of a simulation of a virtual drive at night are increasingly used for the virtual prototyping of light-based driver assistance systems. Here, the interplay between driver and assistance system, which enhances the illumination of the road ahead of the vehicle, is investigated. For such investigations, special driving simulators are applied that enable not only a standard driving simulation but also cover the special requirements for the visualization of a driving scenery at night, the simulation of automotive headlights during a virtual drive at night, and the interface to a headlight control module (HCM) that operates the physical headlight prototypes. In this paper, we present the visualization system of the reconfigurable driving simulator from the research project TRAFFIS. We describe the special application focus on the virtual prototyping of a light-based driver assistance system from our project partner Varroc Lighting Systems. The light-based DAS bases on a headlight prototype that combines a glare-free high beam (GFHB) function and a predictive adaptive frontlighting system (PAFS) for glare-free driving with maximized headlight time.

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