scholarly journals Recent Eco-Friendly Developments in Personal Protective Clothing Materials for Reducing Plastic Pollution: A Review

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 4012-4018
Author(s):  
A. H. Memon ◽  
M. H. Peerzada ◽  
K. Muhammad ◽  
S. A. Memon ◽  
S. A. Mangi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Economic ◽  
Protective Clothing ◽  
Natural Fiber ◽  
Natural Fibers ◽  
Legal Aspects ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Plastic Pollution ◽  
Environment Friendly ◽  
Plastic Content ◽  
Selection Of

Due to the industrialization increase in the 20th century, the level of hazards for public health and the demand for personnel protective clothing (PPC) have increased. The area of PPC has been steered to high tech equipment made from plastic-based materials, which are derived from non-renewable sources and have a long life cycle expanding from hundreds to thousands of years, after their end of useful life. This paper reviews the information related to conventional plastic-based fibers, their properties, advantages, disadvantages, and applications in the battlefield, industry, automobiles, etc. This paper provides a basis for the selection of natural fibers and the replacement of conventional plastic-based fibers to reduce the plastic content in protective clothing or other composites. A comparative analysis of technological, environmental, economic and legal aspects of plastic-based and environment-friendly natural fibers is presented. Natural fiber-based composite protective clothing is found to be environment-friendly and considered to have prospects for the future due to its comparative technological, environmental, economic and legal advantages.

Effects of Fiber Contents on Wear Resistance of Salacca zalacca Frond Fiber Reinforced Phenolic

2019 ◽  
Vol 948 ◽  
pp. 181-185
Author(s):  
Heru Santoso Budi Rochardjo ◽  
Muhammad Ridlo
Keyword(s):  
Fiber Volume Fraction ◽  
Natural Fiber ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Natural Fibers ◽  
Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Fiber Volume ◽  
Environment Friendly ◽  
Specific Strength ◽  
Main Factor

In the last decades, natural fiber composites have received much attention as important structural materials for lightweight components in automotive, and space industries because of low density, high specific strength, and environment-friendly materials. Some natural fibers, however, still not applied in more useful structure, one of which is the frond fiber of snake fruit (salacca zalacca). This fiber is usually just burned or fired as the agricultural waste. The present paper presents the result of the development of frond salacca fiber as the wear component of natural fiber reinforced phenolic. In this composite, the fiber and the phenolic are in the form of powder. The variation of fiber volume fraction was used as the main factor in the tribology characteristics of the composite. The specific wear and also the hardness is then compared to that of the existed commercially available motorbike brake pad as a comparison.

Fabrication and Mechanical Properties of Banana Fiber Reinforced Biocomposite

2014 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Surya Pratap Goutam ◽  
Rajkamal Shastri ◽  
J P Yadav ◽  
M K Gupta ◽  
Anil Kumar Yadav ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Renewable Resources ◽  
Natural Fiber ◽  
Natural Fibers ◽  
Environmental Issues ◽  
Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Banana Fiber ◽  
Environment Friendly ◽  
Material Sources ◽  
Important Indication

<p>Usual polymer composites are non-biodegradable and pollute the environment. Using natural fibers with polymers<br />based on renewable resources will allow many environmental issues to be solved. Therefore, world is as of now focusing<br />on alternate material sources that are environment friendly and biodegradable in nature. Owing to increasing natural<br />concerns, bio composite produced out of natural fiber and polymeric resin, is one of the late advancements in the<br />scientific business. This paper is focused on fabrication and mechanical behaviour of natural fiber-reinforced<br />biocomposite R P E B . It is shown that a property of the fibers also gives important indication regarding their 15 15 40 30<br />subsequent behaviour as reinforcement in composites.</p>

Gray optimization of process parameters of surface modification of coconut sheath reinforced polymer composites

2013 ◽  
Vol 33 (7) ◽  
pp. 665-672 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irullappasamy Siva ◽  
Jebas Thangaih Winowlin Jappes ◽  
Pandian Pitchipoo ◽  
Sandro Campos Amico ◽  
Erumaipatty Rajagounder Nagarajan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Modification ◽  
Natural Fiber ◽  
Treatment Time ◽  
Natural Fibers ◽  
Technical Information ◽  
Interfacial Strength ◽  
Bath Temperature ◽  
Reinforced Polymer ◽  
Optimization Of Process Parameters ◽  
Selection Of

Abstract Surface modification of natural fiber may greatly enhance the mechanical interlocking between fiber and matrix. Although there are many reports on surface modification of natural fibers, little technical information is available to enable the selection of optimized surface modification conditions. In this work, treatment parameters, such as bath temperature, agent concentration, and treatment time, are optimized to achieve higher interfacial adhesion. The effect of these parameters on flexural and impact strength is investigated by applying gray relational techniques. Experimental results show that NaOH concentration and treatment time are significant variables which improve interfacial strength, while NaOH bath temperature appears less important.

scholarly journals Materials selection of “green” natural fibers in polymer composite automotive crash box using DMAIC approach in Six Sigma method

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
pp. 155892502092077
Author(s):  
NSB Yusof ◽  
SM Sapuan ◽  
MTH Sultan ◽  
M Jawaid
Keyword(s):  
Oil Palm ◽  
Six Sigma ◽  
Natural Fiber ◽  
Material Selection ◽  
Selection Process ◽  
Natural Fibers ◽  
Materials Selection ◽  
Hybrid Form ◽  
Palm Fiber ◽  
Selection Of

This article presents the results of research in selecting the most appropriate natural fibers to be used as reinforcement (normally in the hybrid form) in polymer composites for the automotive crash box by carrying out the materials selection process using the Six Sigma method. The judgment based on results from Six Sigma integrated two decision methods, which were applied using two different approaches in decision making: qualitative method and quantitative method. In this study, oil palm fiber had been proposed as the most appropriate natural fiber to be selected as reinforcement in composite automotive crash box. The DMAIC approach from the Six Sigma method performed an important role by providing various tools for each phase in the material selection process. The final selection process led to selection of oil palm fiber as the best natural fiber to reinforce polyurethane as polymeric matrices due to the satisfaction of all the selection criteria.

scholarly journals Farmers choice of pesticides for the management of whitefly of cotton in Punjab, Pakistan

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zulfiqar Ali Ghori ◽  
Habib Anwar ◽  
Areeba Ghori
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Exchange ◽  
Natural Enemies ◽  
Hot Spots ◽  
Natural Fiber ◽  
Third Generation ◽  
Environment Friendly ◽  
Cotton Whitefly ◽  
Important Cash Crop ◽  
Minimum Numbers ◽  
Selection Of

Cotton, popularly known as white gold, is the king of natural fiber and an important cash crop of Pakistan which earns foreign exchange up to 11.7% and 2.9% of GDP. The present study was carried out in cotton growing areas of four divisions of Punjab to determine the choice of cotton growers for the selection of pesticides for the management of whitefly. The data of hot spots of whitefly were recorded twice a week from April to October during 2015, 2016 and 2017 by using the standard pest scouting method. The study revealed that an increase of 16.09% hot spots of whitefly was detected in 2017 as compared to previous two consecutive years (2015 and 2016). Regarding farmers’ choice for selection of pesticides used to control whitefly, the farmers used Imidacloprid, Acetamiprid, Buprofezin, Clothinadin, Diafenthiuron, Flonicamid, Matrine, Pyriproxifen, Pymetrozine, Spirotetramat. The comparison of three years indicated that maximum farmers preferred to spray Pyriproxifen on the hot spots of cotton whitefly followed by Buprofezin, Acetamiprid and Diafenthiuronwhile Clothinadin and Matrine were used by the minimum numbers of farmers. The use of these insecticides by the farmers during the three years was non-significant. The farmers preferred these pesticides being of third generation, IGRs, Neonicotinoids, environment friendly to human health and safer to natural enemies of whitefly

Information in United States Patents on works related to ‘Natural Fibers’: 2000-2018

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 4-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
Krittirash Yorseng ◽  
Mavinkere R. Sanjay ◽  
Jiratti Tengsuthiwat ◽  
Harikrishnan Pulikkalparambil ◽  
Jyotishkumar Parameswaranpillai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Composite Materials ◽  
Natural Fiber ◽  
Comprehensive Evaluation ◽  
Natural Fibers ◽  
Fiber Reinforced Composites ◽  
Reinforced Composites ◽  
Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Macro Scale ◽  
Structural Applications

Background: This era has seen outstanding achievements in materials science through the advances in natural fiber-based composites. The new environmentally friendly and sustainability concerns have imposed the chemists, biologists, researchers, engineers, and scientists to discover the engineering and structural applications of natural fiber reinforced composites. Objective: To present a comprehensive evaluation of information from 2000 to 2018 in United States patents in the field of natural fibers and their composite materials. Methods: The patent data have been taken from the external links of US patents such as IFI CLAIMS Patent Services, USPTO, USPTO Assignment, Espacenet, Global Dossier, and Discuss. Results: The present world scenario demands the usage of natural fibers from agricultural and forest byproducts as a reinforcement material for fiber reinforced composites. Natural fibers can be easily extracted from plants and animals. Recently natural fiber in nanoscale is preferred over micro and macro scale fibers due to its superior thermo-mechanical properties. However, the choice of macro, micro, and nanofibers depends on their applications. Conclusion: This document presents a comprehensive evaluation of information from 2000 to 2018 in United States patents in the field of natural fibers and their composite materials.

scholarly journals Characterization of a new natural fiber extracted from Corypha taliera fruit

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Taslima Ahmed Tamanna ◽  
Shah Alimuzzaman Belal ◽  
Mohammad Abul Hasan Shibly ◽  
Ayub Nabi Khan
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Natural Fiber ◽  
Natural Fibers ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Synthetic Fiber ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Reinforced Composite ◽  
Potential Alternative

AbstractThis study deals with the determination of new natural fibers extracted from the Corypha taliera fruit (CTF) and its characteristics were reported for the potential alternative of harmful synthetic fiber. The physical, chemical, mechanical, thermal, and morphological characteristics were investigated for CTF fibers. X-ray diffraction and chemical composition characterization ensured a higher amount of cellulose (55.1 wt%) content and crystallinity (62.5%) in the CTF fiber. The FTIR analysis ensured the different functional groups of cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin present in the fiber. The Scherrer’s equation was used to determine crystallite size 1.45 nm. The mean diameter, specific density, and linear density of the CTF fiber were found (average) 131 μm, 0.86 g/cc, and 43 Tex, respectively. The maximum tensile strength was obtained 53.55 MPa for GL 20 mm and Young’s modulus 572.21 MPa for GL 30 mm. The required energy at break was recorded during the tensile strength experiment from the tensile strength tester and the average values for GL 20 mm and GL 30 mm are 0.05381 J and 0.08968 J, respectively. The thermal analysis ensured the thermal sustainability of CTF fiber up to 230 °C. Entirely the aforementioned outcomes ensured that the new CTF fiber is the expected reinforcement to the fiber-reinforced composite materials.

scholarly journals Valorization of Invasive Plants from Macaronesia as Filler Materials in the Production of Natural Fiber Composites by Rotational Molding

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (13) ◽  
pp. 2220
Author(s):  
Zaida Ortega ◽  
Francisco Romero ◽  
Rubén Paz ◽  
Luis Suárez ◽  
Antonio Nizardo Benítez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Invasive Plant ◽  
Natural Fiber ◽  
Ricinus Communis ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Natural Fibers ◽  
Fiber Composites ◽  
Filler Materials ◽  
Natural Fiber Composites ◽  
Rotational Molding

This paper compares the mechanical properties of different natural fiber composites produced by rotational molding as a way of waste valorization from campaigns to control invasive plant species in Macaronesia. Rotomolded parts produced with polymeric matrices (polyethylene) and filled with up to 20% by weight of cellulosic fibers obtained from Arundo donax L., Pennisetum setaceum, and Ricinus communis plants were characterized in terms of tensile, flexural, and impact strength. It was found that the sieving of natural fibers allowed for their introduction in higher loadings, from 10 (for un-sieved material) to 20%; fiber size greatly affected the mechanical properties of the final parts, although some combinations were proven not to reduce the mechanical properties of the neat resin. This study is a first approach to the valorization of residues obtained from periodic campaigns of the control of invasive species performed by public authorities, usually at the local level. It is important to highlight that the main objective of this research did not focus on economically profitable activity; instead, it was focused on the reduction of wastes to be disposed from ecosystem maintenance actions and the investment of potential income into preservation policies.

Notes on transacting new business in reversions and life interests

1950 ◽  
Vol 10 (01) ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
N. Benz
Keyword(s):  
Small Proportion ◽  
Balance Sheet ◽  
Market Value ◽  
Practical Experience ◽  
Legal Aspects ◽  
New Business ◽  
Selection Of

Only a small proportion of examination candidates have practical experience of reversions and life interests, and the purpose of this paper is to indicate some of the practical points which arise in transacting this class of business; the selection of appropriate bases for mortality, interest, valuation of funds and Estate Duties do not fall within the scope of this paper. Reference to strictly legal aspects are no more than incidental.Since 1945 there has been, on the basis of new business figures, a marked revival in reversionary business defined as covering purchased reversions and life interests, and loans secured thereon. On balance-sheet values the reversionary business of British life offices in force at 31 December 1948 was rather more than £15m. There was approximately the same volume at 31 December 1943, but at 31 December 1938 there was about £2m. more in force. Over the 10-year period loans have decreased by about £3½m. to only little more than £5m., but purchases have increased by about £1½m. to more than £10m. These figures can give no more than an approximate picture of market value through the different methods of arriving at balance-sheet values, but they serve to show that reversions and life interests continue to form an important part of the assets of certain British life offices.

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