scholarly journals Japanese management techniques: hidden lessons for educational administrators

1999 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 99-107
Author(s):  
B. P. Mordedzi
Keyword(s):  
Management Practices ◽  
Industrial Country ◽  
Japanese Management ◽  
Managerial Practices ◽  
Work Settings ◽  
Informal Controls ◽  
Educational Administrators ◽  
The World ◽  
Management Techniques ◽  
Key Aspects

Japan, a leading industrial country in the world, has adopted management techniques that are quite different from those of other countries in the world. These management practices include secure and lifetime employment for workers, consensus and participatory decision-making, group harmony, and group action. Others are relatively slow evaluation and promotion, more informal controls and less formalized measures, broader and non specialized career paths, and greater concern for workers. This paper discusses key aspects of Japanese managerial practices. To achieve "productivity through people, " educational administrators should adopt plausible aspects of Japanese management techniques in their work settings.

scholarly journals Identification and Worker Responses to Workplace Change: Evidence from Four Cases in India

ILR Review ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 74 (3) ◽  
pp. 663-688 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aruna Ranganathan
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Values ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Interview Data ◽  
Employment Relations ◽  
Workplace Change ◽  
Work Settings ◽  
Novel Technology ◽  
The World

This article uses ethnographic and interview data about four cases in two work settings in India to examine identification as a factor in workers’ reactions to workplace change. Novel technology and management practices are frequently introduced into work settings as the world of work changes. Workers tend to cooperate more with some workplace changes than with others. The previous employment relations literature has invoked interests, cultural values, and worker power to explain workers’ responses to change. This article introduces an additional factor: whether a change fosters or impairs workers’ identification with their work. The author examines identification at three levels—occupational, organizational, and that of the work itself—and finds that workers are more likely to cooperate with workplace change that protects and fortifies their pre-existing sources of identification.

scholarly journals Comparative competitive strategy

2020 ◽  
pp. 25-33
Author(s):  
Ramaz Otinashvili ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Competitive Strategy ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Universal Model ◽  
Modern Management ◽  
The World ◽  
Challenges And Opportunities ◽  
Business Objects ◽  
Key Aspects

The Comparative competitive strategy of a business depends on the introduction of modern management practices. According to competitive strategy, business objects can be classified as market leaders, challengers, followers, and objects, with own market niches. The key aspects of their competition are analyzed as well. It is noted that the competition strategies are difficult to implement and require a considerable amount of resources. Considering the examples of successful companies around the world, there is no universal model of competitive strategy for a particular business. Each firm must individually select the strategy that suits it, based on its goals, challenges, and opportunities.

scholarly journals Enrollment management as competitive strategy in private community universities

2010 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 123
Author(s):  
Victor Meyer Jr. ◽  
Maria Cecília Barbosa Lopes ◽  
Marcos José Zablonsky ◽  
J. Patrick Murphy
Keyword(s):  
Student Retention ◽  
Enrollment Management ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Integrated System ◽  
Retention Rates ◽  
Managerial Practices ◽  
Successful Model ◽  
Catholic University ◽  
Managerial Strategies ◽  
Management Techniques

The purpose of this study is to analyze managerial practices of the Pontifical Catholic University of Paraná—PUCPR (Curitiba, Brazil)—to attract and retain students. The highly-successful model of enrollment management implemented by DePaul University (Chicago, USA) serves as reference and benchmark for comparison purposes. The highly -competitive environment experienced by both institutions provides the setting for the challenge to attract and retain students through effective managerial strategies. The study is comparative and descriptive in nature. The analysis focuses on strategic planning, educational marketing, and enrollment management —key elements of the model used by DePaul University. The results indicate that enrollment management practices in place at PUPR are characterized by the combination of professional and amateur, or unprofessional approaches. Results further indicate that adopting an integrated system would improve decision making especially vis -à-vis the competition, demand, and profile of targeted students; it would also increase student retention rates. The result s show the need for enrollment management techniques to survive and flourish in the highly competitive market of studentrecruitment and retention.

Impression management and legitimacy strategies: The BP case

2013 ◽  
pp. 35-64 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giovanna Michelon
Keyword(s):  
Impression Management ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Legitimacy Theory ◽  
British Petroleum ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Management Techniques ◽  
Disclosure Tone ◽  
The Empirical Analysis ◽  
A Company ◽  
Texas City

The aim of this paper is to study if and how impression management varies during different phases of the legitimation process, in particular during the legitimacy building and legitimacy repairing phases (Suchman, 1995). We aim at understanding whether and how the disclosure tone adopted by a company in the two different moments is diverse and thus functional to the intrinsic objective of the each phase. The empirical analysis focuses on the case of British Petroleum Plc. We investigated the impression management practices undertaken by the company both during the preparation of the rebranding operation, i.e. a situation in which the company is trying to build legitimacy; and during the happenings of two legitimacy crises, like the explosion of the refinery in Texas City and the oil spill in the Gulf of Mexico. The evidence appears in line with the theoretical prediction of legitimacy theory. Results show that while the company tends to privilege image enhancement techniques during the legitimacy-building phase, it uses more obfuscation techniques when managing a legitimacy-repairing process. Moreover, the analysis suggests that the company makes more extensive use of impression management techniques in the disclosures addressed to shareholders, investors and other market operators than in the disclosures addressed to the wide range of other stakeholders.

KEY ASPECTS OF TRANSFORMATION OF THE STATE AUTHORITIES IN THE WORLD AND TO THE MODERN SOVERUM UKRAINE: A JOINT AND PERSONALITY

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (11) ◽  
pp. 164-174
Author(s):  
Оlena Fedorіvna Caracasidi
Keyword(s):  
Separation Of Powers ◽  
Human Life ◽  
State Power ◽  
The State ◽  
Public Power ◽  
The People ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
The World ◽  
Distribution Of Power ◽  
Key Aspects

The article deals with the fundamental, inherent in most of the countries of the world transformation of state power, its formation, functioning and division between the main branches as a result of the decentralization of such power, its subsidiarity. Attention is drawn to the specifics of state power, its func- tional features in the conditions of sovereignty of the states, their interconnec- tion. It is emphasized that the nature of the state power is connected with the nature of the political system of the state, with the form of government and many other aspects of a fundamental nature.It is analyzed that in the middle of national states the questions of legitima- cy, sovereignty of transparency of state power, its formation are acutely raised. Concerning the practical functioning of state power, a deeper study now needs a problem of separation of powers and the distribution of power. The use of this principle, which ensures the real subsidiarity of the authorities, the formation of more effective, responsible democratic relations between state power and civil society, is the first priority of the transformation of state power in the conditions of modern transformations of countries and societies. It is substantiated that the research of these problems will open up much wider opportunities for the provi- sion of state power not as a center authority, but also as a leading political structure but as a power of the people and the community. In the context of global democratization processes, such processes are crucial for a more humanistic and civilized arrangement of human life. It is noted that local self-government, as a specific form of public power, is also characterized by an expressive feature of a special subject of power (territorial community) as a set of large numbers of people; joint communal property; tax system, etc.

Experimental Measurement of Turbulent Diffusion, Initial Dilution and T90

1986 ◽  
Vol 18 (11) ◽  
pp. 131-140
Author(s):  
Edmundo Garcia Agudo ◽  
Jose Leomax dos Santos
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Measurement ◽  
Tracer Technique ◽  
Initial Dilution ◽  
Coastal Cities ◽  
Actual Solution ◽  
The World ◽  
Visual Aid ◽  
Proper Design ◽  
Key Aspects ◽  
Bacterial Concentrations

The final disposal of sewage using submarine outfalls has become an actual solution for coastal cities all over the world. In order to get the best results it is necessary to carry out specific studies for the proper design of the outfall. Dilution and decrease in bacterial concentrations are two key aspects for the design. Radioisotope tracers have been used extensively in studies performed in some Brazilian waterbodies where outfall systems exist or are to be installed. As far as dilution measurement is concerned, both point and continuous radiotracer injections can provide useful results. The T90 measurements can be better accomplished using a combined tracer technique for sampling the sewage field, using the radiotracer for dilution measurement and rhodamine B as a visual aid. Typical results of dilution measurement using both techniques mentioned, as well as a summary of T 90 results obtained for the Santos, Fortaleza and Maceió outfalls are presented.

Remaking Retirement

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Interest Rates ◽  
Older Workers ◽  
Older Persons ◽  
The United States ◽  
Older Population ◽  
The Past ◽  
Cost Of Education ◽  
The World ◽  
Low Interest Rates ◽  
Key Aspects

Around the world, people nearing and entering retirement are holding ever-greater levels of debt than in the past. This is not a benign situation, as many pre-retirees and retirees are stressed about their indebtedness. Moreover, this growth in debt among the older population may render retirees vulnerable to financial shocks, medical care bills, and changes in interest rates. Contributors to this volume explore key aspects of the rise in debt across older cohorts, drill down into the types of debt and reasons for debt incurred by the older population, and review policies to remedy some of the financial problems facing older persons, in the United States and elsewhere. The authors explore which groups are most affected by debt, and they also identify the factors causing this important increase in leverage at older ages. It is clear that the economic and market environments are influential when it comes to saving and debt. Access to easy borrowing, low interest rates, and the rising cost of education have had important impacts on how much people borrow, and how much debt they carry at older ages. In this environment, the capacity to manage debt is ever more important as older workers lack the opportunity to recover for mistakes.

scholarly journals Organizational Commitment and Lean Sustainability: Literature Review and Directions for Future Research

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 3357 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amal Benkarim ◽  
Daniel Imbeau
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Commitment ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Lean Manufacturing ◽  
Affective Commitment ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Employee Commitment ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Comprehensive Overview ◽  
Narrative Literature Review ◽  
Key Aspects

The vast majority of works published on Lean focus on the evaluation of tools and/or the strategies needed for its implementation. Although many authors highlight the degree of employee commitment as one of the key aspects of Lean, what has gone largely unnoticed in the literature, is that few studies have examined in-depth the concept of organizational commitment in connection with Lean. With this narrative literature review article, our main objective is (1) to identify and analyze an extensive body of literature that addresses the Lean Manufacturing approach and how it relates to employee commitment, emphasizing affective commitment as the main type of organizational commitment positively associated with Lean, and (2) to highlight the management practices required to encourage this kind of commitment and promote the success and sustainability of Lean. This paper aims to provide a comprehensive overview that can help researchers and practitioners interested in Lean better understand the importance of employee commitment in this type of approach, and as well, to identify related research questions.

Managing globalization of R&D: Organizing for offshoring innovation

2006 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 103-114
Author(s):  
Ashok Deo Bardhan
Keyword(s):  
Management Practices ◽  
Individual Cell ◽  
Organization Structure ◽  
Innovative Activity ◽  
Basic Building Block ◽  
Market Incentives ◽  
The World ◽  
Foreign Outsourcing ◽  
Input Markets ◽  
High Skill

This article analyzes the challenges brought about by the globalization of innovative activity to the science and practice of management. The task of matching organization structure and management practices to the needs of R&D offshoring is analyzed through a set of dichotomous pairs of concepts: (1) Drastic vs. Gradual and Systemic vs. Autonomous Innovation, (2) High vs. Low Skill Specificity, (3) Input Markets vs. Output Markets, (4) Intra-Firm vs. Arms Length Offshoring. In the trade-off between markets and hierarchies, the firms often come down on the side of the latter when it comes to the setting up of R&D facilities abroad. Organizational directives and internalization, i.e., intra-firm offshoring can trump market incentives and foreign outsourcing, when it comes to the uncertain returns from innovative activity, particularly in the case of drastic innovations and high skill specificity. Globalization has led to dispersed markets and firms have responded with dispersed locations of core assets, creating competence clusters all over the world, and the innovative firm of the future will restructure each individual cell, the basic building block of the firm consisting of an occupation devoted to a product, and redeploy and relocate them globally, where it is most advantageous.

scholarly journals Relationship between Personality and Learning Goal Orientation Preceding the First Employment

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 3003
Author(s):  
Maja Daraboš Longin ◽  
Domagoj Hruška ◽  
Vedrana Sedinić
Keyword(s):  
Personality Traits ◽  
Goal Orientation ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Organizational Socialization ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Work Settings ◽  
Learning Goal Orientation ◽  
Business Administration Students ◽  
New Ideas ◽  
Level Of Motivation

The purpose of this study is to explore the relation between personality traits and the level of aspiration to acquire new skills and improve one’s competence in the midst of first employment. Although with mixed results, previous studies indicated that personality attributes influence goal orientation, both in the school and work settings. However, there have not been any studies that have specifically analysed this relation in the context preceding the first employment. The results of this research, on a sample of last-semester business administration students of an esteemed mid-European university, indicate that prior to the first employment, two personality traits—openness to new ideas and disposition to negative emotions—influence the level of motivation to acquire knowledge and novel modes of action. Insight into the antecedents of an individual’s orientation towards increasing and developing competencies prior to the first employment is an important topic for organizations who have the imperative to develop more sustainable knowledge management practices in an early stage of organizational socialization.

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