Stillbirth rate in Bhutan: a retrospective facility-based study

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 35-38
Author(s):  
Pema Lethro ◽  
Kinga Jamphel ◽  
Vandana Joshi ◽  
Chandralal Mongar ◽  
Lobzang Tshering ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Information System ◽  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Stillbirth Rate ◽  
Public Health Concern ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Important Public Health ◽  
Live Births ◽  
One Year

Introduction: Stillbirth is an important public health concern; yet there is no reliable stillbirth rate for Bhutan. Hence the aim of this study was to estimate the stillbirth rate for Bhutan. Methods: A retrospective study was carried out for live and stillbirths recorded in delivery registers of all 253 health facilities across the country for a period of one year commencing 1st January till 31st December 2015. Results: There were a total of 11,126 live births and 108 stillbirths documented in delivery registers. The stillbirth rate from this data set was 10 per 1000 live births. Conclusions: The stillbirth rate for Bhutan from this study is 10 per 1000 live births lower than 16 per 1000 live births estimated in Lancet Series 2015. In order to find the true burden of stillbirths in the country, a surveillance may be instituted which can facilitate the prevention efforts while at the same time enable to strengthen information system.

scholarly journals The Impact of the SARS-CoV-2 Epidemic on World Indices: The Entropy Approach

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Ayşe Metin Karakaş ◽  
Mine Doğan ◽  
Sinan Çalik
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Approximate Entropy ◽  
Clinical Findings ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Public Health Concern ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Important Public Health ◽  
Coronavirus Infection ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Complications And Mortality

The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) outbreak started in December 2019 in Wuhan. The virus has spread around the whole world, and it has caused a strong and serious pandemic. Symptoms such as cough, respiratory distress, diarrhea, and fatigue associated with COVID-19 are typical clinical findings. Coronavirus infection has become an important public health concern because of its increasing prevalence, serious complications, and mortality. In light of this information, we examine different entropy methods for world indices (ISE 30, FTSE 100, NIKKEI 225, SP 500, and DAX 30) in the pre-COVID-19 period (02.01.2019–17.11.2019) and the post-COVID-19 period (18.11.2019–23.11.2020) in this article. Besides, we discuss the performances of entropies such as Shannon, Renyi, Tsallis, and approximate entropy (ApEn) in detail and perform the notion of entropy for volatility measure. As a result, we present the numerical results for the data set.

scholarly journals Integrated Diabetic Clinic in a Rural Hospital of Nepal

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-78
Author(s):  
Niresh Thapa ◽  
Muna Maharjan
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Rural Setting ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Public Health Concern ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
Important Public Health ◽  
Diabetic Clinic

Diabetes is an important public health concern which is increasing rapidly in developing countries. It is challenging to prevent and manage diabetes in a rural setting. The Integrated Diabetic Clinic is comprehensive diabetes care under one roof. Its aim is to provide efficient accessible and affordable comprehensive care. It will make a huge difference in the management of diabetes. This clinic will play a major role in unifying different aspects of health care under one roof and offer the most comprehensive and cost-effective accessible health care to minimize mortality and morbidity associated with diabetes.

scholarly journals A five year trend analysis of malaria prevalence in Guba district, Benishangul-Gumuz regional state, western Ethiopia: a retrospective study

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shemsia Alkadir ◽  
Tegenu Gelana ◽  
Araya Gebresilassie
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Trend Analysis ◽  
Malaria Control ◽  
Health Centre ◽  
Malaria Prevalence ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Public Health Concern ◽  
Western Ethiopia

Abstract Background In Ethiopia, malaria is a serious public health concern and has great impact on socio-economy. The trend analysis of malaria data from health facilities is useful for understanding its transmission dynamics and implementing evidence-based malaria control strategies. The aim of this study was to determine the trends of malaria infection in Guba district, western Ethiopia. Methods A retrospective study was undertaken at Mankush Health Centre, western Ethiopia. All malaria cases reported from 2014 to 2018 were carefully reviewed from the laboratory record books to determine the trends of malaria morbidity. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 20.0. Results In total, 16,964 malaria suspects were diagnosed using microscopy over the last 5 years, of which 8658 (51.04%) were confirmed positive cases. Plasmodium falciparum, P. vivax, and mixed infection (both species) accounted for 75.2, 24.5 and 0.28% of the cases, respectively. Males patients were more affected (n = 5028, 58.1%) than female ones (n = 3630, 41.9%). Of the total confirmed cases, 60.4% were age group of subjects (≥ 15 years) followed by 22.6% of 5–14 years and 15.9% of under 5 years. High malaria prevalence was observed in spring (September to November) season, while the least was observed in autumn (March to May) with the prevalence of 45.6 and 11.5%, respectively. Conclusions The study demonstrated that malaria is a public health concern, in which P. falciparum is the predominant species followed by P. vivax. Therefore, the district health bureau and other concerned stakeholders should strength evidence-based malaria control and prevention interventions to interrupt disease transmission and eventual reduction malaria of malaria cases in Guba district.

scholarly journals A five year trend analysis of malaria prevalence in Guba district, Benishangul-Gumuz Regional State, western Ethiopia: A retrospective study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shemsia Alkadir ◽  
Tegenu Gelana ◽  
Araya Gebresilassie
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Trend Analysis ◽  
Malaria Control ◽  
Health Centre ◽  
Malaria Prevalence ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Public Health Concern ◽  
Western Ethiopia

Abstract Background: In Ethiopia, malaria is a serious public health concern and has great impact on socio-economy. The trend analysis of malaria data from health facilities is useful for understanding its transmission dynamics and implementing evidence-based malaria control strategies. The aim of this study was to determine the trends of malaria infection in Guba district, western Ethiopia. Methods: A retrospective study was undertaken at Mankush Health Centre, western Ethiopia. All malaria cases reported from 2014 to 2018 were carefully reviewed from the laboratory record books to determine the trends of malaria morbidity. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 20.0. Results: In total, 16,964 malaria suspects were diagnosed using microscopy over the last 5 years, of which 8,658 (51.04%) were confirmed positive cases. Plasmodium falciparum , P. vivax , and mixed infection (both species) accounted for 75.2%, 24.5% and 0.28% of the cases, respectively. Males patients were more affected (n=5,028, 58.1%) than female ones (n=3,630, 41.9%). Of the total confirmed cases, 60.4% were age group of subjects (≥ 15 years) followed by 22.6% of 5-14 years and 15.9% of under 5 years. High malaria prevalence was observed in spring (September to November) season, while the least was observed in autumn (March to May) with the prevalence of 45.6% and 11.5%, respectively. Conclusions: The study demonstrated that malaria is a public health concern, in which P. falciparum is the predominant species followed by P . vivax . Therefore, the district health bureau and other concerned stakeholders should strength evidence-based malaria control and prevention interventions to interrupt disease transmission and eventual reduction malaria of malaria cases in Guba district. Key words : Ethiopia, Guba, malaria, prevalence, retrospective

scholarly journals A five year trend analysis of malaria prevalence in Guba district, Benishangul-Gumuz Regional State, Northwest Ethiopia: A retrospective study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shemsia Alkadir ◽  
Tegenu Gelana ◽  
Araya Gebresilassie
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Trend Analysis ◽  
Malaria Control ◽  
Health Centre ◽  
Malaria Prevalence ◽  
Northwest Ethiopia ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Public Health Concern

Abstract Background: In Ethiopia, malaria is a serious public health concern and has great impact on socio-economy. The trend analysis of malaria data from health facilities is useful for understanding its transmission dynamics and implementing evidence-based malaria control strategies. The aim of this study was to determine the trends of malaria infection in Guba district, northwest Ethiopia. Methods: A retrospective study was undertaken at Mankush Health Centre, northwest Ethiopia. All malaria cases reported from 2014 to 2018 were carefully reviewed from the laboratory record books to determine the trends of malaria morbidity. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 20.0. Results: In total, 16,964 malaria suspects were diagnosed using microscopy over the last 5 years, of which 8,658 (51.04%) were confirmed positive cases. Plasmodium falciparum, P. vivax, and mixed infection (both species) accounted for 75.2, 24.5% and 0.28% of the cases, respectively. Males patients were more affected (n=5,028, 58.1%) than female ones (n=3,630, 41.9%). Of the total confirmed cases, 60.4% were adults (≥ 15 years) followed by 22.6% of 5-14 years and 15.9% of under 5 years. High malaria prevalence was observed in spring (September to November) season, while the least was observed in autumn (March to May) with the prevalence of 45.6% and 11.5%, respectively. Conclusions: The study demonstrated that malaria is a public health concern in the study area, wherein P. falciparum is the predominant species followed by P. vivax. Therefore, it is deemed necessary to enhance malaria detection skill of laboratory technicians and implement evidence-based malaria control and prevention activities to considerably reduce the burden of malaria in the study area.

Endothelial dysfunction induced by cadmium and mercury and its relationship to hypertension

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Airton Cunha Martins ◽  
Alessanda Antunes Dos Santos ◽  
Ana Carolina B. Almeida Lopes ◽  
Anatoly V. Skalny ◽  
Michael Aschner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Endothelial Dysfunction ◽  
Toxic Elements ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Public Health Concern ◽  
Important Public Health ◽  
Nitric Oxide Signaling

: Hypertension is an important public health concern that affects millions globally, leading to a large number of morbidities and fatalities. The etiology of hypertension is complex and multifactorial, and it involves environmental factors including heavy metals. Indeed, cadmium and mercury are toxic elements commonly distributed in the environment which contribute to hypertension. We aimed to assess the role of cadmium and mercury-induced endothelial dysfunction in the development of hypertension. A narrative review was carried out through database searches. In this review, we discussed the critical roles of cadmium and mercury in the etiology of hypertension and provide new insights into potential mechanisms of their effect, focusing primarily on endothelial dysfunction. Although, the mechanisms by which cadmium and mercury induce hypertension have yet to be completely elucidated, evidence for both implicates impaired nitric oxide signaling in their hypertensive etiology.

Podiatric Health Needs of Homeless Populations as a Public Health Concern

2012 ◽  
Vol 102 (1) ◽  
pp. 54-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bright Chen ◽  
Analiza Mitchell ◽  
David Tran
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Needs ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Foot And Ankle ◽  
Foot Care ◽  
Public Health Concern ◽  
Important Public Health ◽  
Medical Needs ◽  
The Us ◽  
Health Need

Background: Foot and ankle health among the homeless is an important public health concern. There are limited studies done thus far on foot and ankle conditions and the podiatric medical needs of homeless populations. A literature review was undertaken to evaluate any studies published about the lower-extremity health needs among the homeless. Methods: We did a literature search through PubMed, the US National Library of Medicine’s database of biomedical citations and abstracts for relevant publications from 1988 through 2008. We also searched the references cited in the articles found for any studies relevant to podiatric needs for homeless populations. Results: We found three relevant articles that addressed the needs of podiatric care for the homeless. The articles highlighted the community health importance of foot care for homeless populations, especially in helping prevent potentially limb-threatening pathologies. Conclusions: The small number of studies published so far all emphasize the major public health need for podiatric care among homeless populations. More studies are needed to help address this important public health concern. (J Am Podiatr Med Assoc 102(1): 54–56, 2012)

Self-harm in adolescence

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 202-208
Author(s):  
Anna Paes
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Risk Assessment ◽  
General Practice ◽  
Health Service ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Public Health Concern ◽  
Important Public Health ◽  
Maladaptive Behaviour ◽  
Provision Of Services ◽  
Self Harm

Self-harm in adolescents is not only an important public health concern but also a prevalent maladaptive behaviour. The behaviour is poorly understood, and these young people still face stigma within our health service, as well as in society. To date, their management has been inadequate, due to some unhelpful attitudes, patchy provision of services and lack of training. This article aims to increase awareness and understanding of why adolescents self-harm, the importance of risk assessment, and how to provide appropriate support and care in general practice.

scholarly journals Persistent High Leptospiral Shedding by Asymptomatic Dogs in Endemic Areas Triggers a Serious Public Health Concern

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 937
Author(s):  
Ricardo Sant’Anna da Costa ◽  
Maria Isabel N. Di Azevedo ◽  
Ana Luiza dos Santos Baptista Borges ◽  
Filipe Anibal Carvalho-Costa ◽  
Gabriel Martins ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Public Health Concern ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Renal Changes ◽  
Endemic Areas ◽  
One Year

(1) Background: Dogs are known as hosts of Leptospira interrogans and can spread this bacterium to the environment. Although Canicola is responsible for determining chronic disease in dogs, when affected by incidental serogroups such as Icterohaemorrhagiae, acute disease may occur with a predominance of clinical signs with hepatic and renal changes. In endemic areas, it is a serious public health problem. Thus, this study aims to estimate the incidence and duration of elimination of leptospires in the urine of dogs, taking another step from a previous study of our group, by a longitudinal, long-term and molecular approach. (2) Methods: A total of 125 dogs without apparent symptoms of leptospirosis were included in the study. The dogs were all PCR-negative and seronegative at the beginning of the study. Blood samples were collected for hematological examinations and urine for amplification of the lipL32 gene by PCR at five different time points during one year. (3) Results: Out of the 125 dogs, 62 became lipL32 PCR-positive (48.8% (95% CI, 47.9–49.7%)) at some point during the study, distributed as follows: at day 0, all negative; day 90, 18/125 (14.4% (95% CI, 13.5–15.3%)); day 180, 18/125 (14.4% (95% CI, 13.5–15.3%)); day 270, 12/125 (9.6% (95% CI, 8.7–10.5%)); and day 365, 14/125 (11.2% (95% CI, 10.3–12.1%)). Out of the 62 amplicons, 22 were sequenced, targeting a short region of secY gene. Of these, 20 (90.9%) were identical to the L. interrogans serovar Icterohaemorrhagiae, while two (9.1%) were Leptospira noguchii. (4) Conclusions: The fact that the leptospires of the Icterohaemorrhagiae serogroup were characterized was unexpected, since the animals remained clinically asymptomatic during the study. The fact that asymptomatic dogs shed leptospires is not new, but the extent of this fact and the characterized strain is impressive, with an impact on public health that cannot be overlooked.

scholarly journals Study of cutaneous leishmaniasis in the State of Campeche (Yucatan Peninsula), Mexico, over a period of two year

2015 ◽  
Vol 57 (1) ◽  
pp. 58 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mirsha Pamela Hernández-Rivera ◽  
Omar Hernández-Montes ◽  
Adelaido Chiñas-Pérez ◽  
Juan Miguel Batiza-Avelar ◽  
Gustavo Sánchez-Tejeda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Cutaneous Leishmaniasis ◽  
Leishmania Species ◽  
Skin Lesions ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Leishmania Braziliensis ◽  
Leishmania Mexicana ◽  
Public Health Concern ◽  
Important Public Health ◽  
Mexican Strains

Objective. To study cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL), in the Calakmul municipality of the Campeche State, during two years. Materials and methods. Individuals with skin lesions were evaluated. Aspirates taken from the lesions were cultured, PCR was performed to diagnose the Leishmania species. Results. The culture detected 42% of the samples. PCR diagnosed CL in 76% of the samples; of those 38% were from children and 62% from adults. 89% of the patients were infected with L. mexicana; 14.4% with Mexican strains of L.mexicana; 7% with L. braziliensis; 3.6% with L. mexicana and L. braziliensis. The most affected villages with CL were Dos Lagunas Sur with 12.3%, La Mancolona with 6.5% and La Guadalupe with 2.2% of prevalence, respectively. After the treatment with Glucantime, 96% of the patients were healed. Conclusion. CL is an important public health concern in Calakmul, and the parasite causing it belongs to Leishmania mexicana and Leishmania braziliensis complexes.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document