Determinants of Adoption of Ecosystem-Friendly Farming Practices for Sustainable Agricultural Development in Ghana

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 68-81
Author(s):  
S. I. Moari ◽  
A. M. Akudugu ◽  
J. S. Dittoh
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Agricultural Development ◽  
Market Access ◽  
Northern Region ◽  
Farming Practices ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Credit Access ◽  
Expected Benefits

Agriculture plays a key role in economic growth, enhancing food security, poverty reduction and rural development. Future food security and economic independence of developing countries would depend on resilient ecosystems for a sustainable agricultural development. Intensive agriculture with high inputs has resulted in rapid crop production in Ghana, accompanied by negative environmental effects. The adoption of ecosystem-friendly farming technologies, which do not destroy nature, would ensure these negative effects are addressed. However, the rate of adoption of these practices has remained low in Ghana. This paper explores the determinants of adoption of ecosystem-friendly farming practices (EFFPs) in Northern region of Ghana with a sample of 300 farmers. The results revealed that sex, age, educational level, household size, production system, credit access, previous income, market access, and expected benefits from the adoption influenced EFFPs adoption. The adoption of EFFPs should be made a precondition for farmers to gain access to desirable opportunities such as input subsidies, good pricing among others.

scholarly journals ROLE OF IMPROVED SEEDS TOWARDS IMPROVING LIVELIHOOD AND FOOD SECURITY AT ETHIOPIA

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 338-356 ◽  
Author(s):  
Girma Abebe ◽  
Amanuel Alemu
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Urban Poor ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Agricultural Development ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
Farm Household ◽  
New Variety ◽  
Seed Sources

Seed is a key input for improving crop production and productivity. Increasing the quality of seeds can increase the yield potential of the crop by significant folds and thus, is one of the most economical and efficient inputs to agricultural development. Generation and transfer of improved technologies are critical prerequisites for agricultural development particularly for an agrarian based economy such as of Ethiopian. In Ethiopia, for instance, a unit increase in GDP derived from agriculture has a potential of reducing poverty annually by 1.66% as compared to 0.73% poverty reduction expected from non-agricultural sector. Agriculture, particularly crop farming, has a greater effect on both the rural and the urban poor who spend more than a half of their incomes on food. When there are different seed sources available and farmers get access to them there is high probability of adoption of improved varieties .An enhanced seed availability though formal or informal or both sources will improve smallholder farmer’s access to seed and enhance improved variety adoption. In practice, whenever a farmer is talking about getting a new seed it implies that she or he is deciding to adopt a new variety. The ultimate goal of a farm household in a risk prone agro-ecology is to obtain seed with characteristics suitable to farmers’ agro-ecological and socio-economic condition. Similarly, seed is pivotal in the improvement of food security and farm household livelihood.

scholarly journals Determinants of Farming Households’ Credit Accessibility in Rural Areas of Vietnam: A Case Study in Haiphong City, Vietnam

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. 4357
Author(s):  
Ta Linh ◽  
Dang Anh Tuan ◽  
Phan Thu Trang ◽  
Hoang Trung Lai ◽  
Do Quynh Anh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Market Access ◽  
Emerging Market ◽  
National Income ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Informal Markets ◽  
Informal Credit ◽  
Credit Access

The role of agricultural sectors in the economic development of a country is undeniable, especially in developing and least-developed ones, ensuring food supply, increasing national income, export earnings and poverty reduction. Vietnam is known as an emerging market, depending directly on agriculture-related activities for their livelihood, in which the issue of rural credit access still remains a confounding problem. The paper focuses on identifying the determinants of credit access in rural areas of Vietnam using Haiphong city as a case study, including formal and informal credit. The paper uses data collected from a survey of 180 rural households in a district of Haiphong city. The probit and linear regression models are applied to investigate the factors that determine household credit accessibility, i.e., the household’s decision to borrow and borrowing amounts. Results of this analysis reveal the different significant determinants of formal and informal credit market access. Group membership and connection are found to have significantly strong impacts on formal credit accessibility while informal credit access is strongly influenced by agriculture income and dependency ratio. The implications of these findings for enhancing formal credit accessibility and decreasing the dependence on informal markets are discussed.

Social and Environmental Impacts on Agricultural Development

2016 ◽  
pp. 21-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frances Bekele ◽  
Isaac Bekele
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Agricultural Development ◽  
World Population ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Maximum Benefit ◽  
Global Priority ◽  
The Face ◽  
Combat Climate Change

Addressing environmental and social impacts on agricultural development and food security is a global priority since increased food production of 60-70% is estimated to be required by 2050 to feed the growing world population. In developing nations, the situation is more acute since fewer social, technological and financial resources are available to combat climate change, which is expected to have negative effects on agricultural production, and there are other constraints to achieving food security. This chapter explores the social and environmental issues affecting agricultural production facing farmers and other agricultural practitioners, policy makers, institutions and stakeholders in the developing world. It will also address how progress in research in emerging economies can be put to maximum benefit in the face of these existing social and environmental challenges. A cohesive strategy to address these challenges is presented.

scholarly journals ALLEVIATION OF ADVERSE EFFECTS OF SALT STRESS ON LETTUCE (Lactuca sativa var. crispa) BY APPLICATION OF VERMICOMPOST

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (5) ◽  
pp. 153-160
Author(s):  
Sevinç Kiran
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Lactuca Sativa ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Weight Basis ◽  
Farming Practices ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Relative Water ◽  
Leaf Tissues ◽  
Arid And Semiarid

In arid and semiarid regions, soil salinity causes salt stress in plants and affects crop production negatively. In this respect, organic farming practices are becoming the foreground as applications that are sensitive to the environment and support sustainability in agriculture. This study aimed to explain the role of vermicompost (VC) for reducing the effect of salt stress on lettuce (Lactuca sativa var. crispa) plant. The experiments were performed with different concentrations of VC (0, 2.5 and 5% VC on a weight per weight basis of soil-w/w) and salt stress treatments (4 and 8 dS m–1 NaCl levels). Under salt stress, shoot heigth, relative,water content (RWC), stomatal conductance (gs), chlorophyll a (Chla) content decreased while electrolyte leakage (EL), malondialdehyde (MDA) contents and superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activitys significantly increased in parallel with the severity of stress. In this study, VC under salt stress significantly increased RWC, gs and Chla, Chlt and carotenoid contents in the leaf tissues; however, MDA and EL contents decreased and SOD and CAT activities increased compared to controls. In all levels of NaCl, the 5% ratio of VC significantly reduced the negative effects of salinity.

scholarly journals Climate change related policy environment in agriculture and food security in Nepal

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 ◽  
pp. 120-130
Author(s):  
Shree Bhagavan Thakur
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Food Security ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Agricultural Development ◽  
Policy Formulation ◽  
Reform Process ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Development Workers ◽  
Agriculture And Food

Agriculture is the main stay of Nepal's economy. This provides about one-third of national GDP and two-third of national employment. Agriculture is highly vulnerable to climate change due to more marginal farmers with small landholding, limited irrigation, low income level, limited institutional capacity, and greater dependency on climate-sensitive natural resources. The adverse effect of climate change on agriculture impacts on farm revenue, employment, income and GDP. Policy formulation in agriculture and food security sector concerning to climate change has become an imperative for poverty reduction, livelihood improvement and economic development. Compliance with global and national agreement, review of existing policy will provide an essential foundation to policy makers, planners and development workers to reform process. This paper intended to find the strength and weaknesses of existing plans, policies, strategies, acts which will support stakeholders in agricultural development.

scholarly journals Drivers of household food availability in sub-Saharan Africa based on big data from small farms

2015 ◽  
Vol 113 (2) ◽  
pp. 458-463 ◽  
Author(s):  
Romain Frelat ◽  
Santiago Lopez-Ridaura ◽  
Ken E. Giller ◽  
Mario Herrero ◽  
Sabine Douxchamps ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Food Availability ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Market Access ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Farm Households ◽  
Farm Income ◽  
Smallholder Farm ◽  
Sub Saharan

We calculated a simple indicator of food availability using data from 93 sites in 17 countries across contrasted agroecologies in sub-Saharan Africa (>13,000 farm households) and analyzed the drivers of variations in food availability. Crop production was the major source of energy, contributing 60% of food availability. The off-farm income contribution to food availability ranged from 12% for households without enough food available (18% of the total sample) to 27% for the 58% of households with sufficient food available. Using only three explanatory variables (household size, number of livestock, and land area), we were able to predict correctly the agricultural determined status of food availability for 72% of the households, but the relationships were strongly influenced by the degree of market access. Our analyses suggest that targeting poverty through improving market access and off-farm opportunities is a better strategy to increase food security than focusing on agricultural production and closing yield gaps. This calls for multisectoral policy harmonization, incentives, and diversification of employment sources rather than a singular focus on agricultural development. Recognizing and understanding diversity among smallholder farm households in sub-Saharan Africa is key for the design of policies that aim to improve food security.

scholarly journals Agricultural development as a factor in ensuring import substitution and strengthening the country’s food security

2021 ◽  
Vol 935 (1) ◽  
pp. 012005
Author(s):  
N Zotikov ◽  
A Savderova ◽  
E Lyubovtseva
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Agricultural Development ◽  
Import Substitution ◽  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
Industrial Sector ◽  
Industrial Complex ◽  
Substitution Policy ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Further Development

Abstract The issue of the need to develop agriculture and import substitution has become particularly relevant after the beginning of mass imposing economic sanctions by the West against Russia, as well as a result of oil prices downturn and shortfall of budget revenues from the sale of energy sources. The policy of import substitution affects the areas of the agro-industrial complex to varying degrees. First of all, these measures affect all areas of agricultural production - crop production, animal husbandry and fisheries. In addition, they apply to the final products of the agro-industrial complex, that is, they regulate the food industry, thus affecting the issue of the country’s food security. The purpose of the study is to identify problems in the development of the country’s agriculture based on the study of Russian and international experience, to consider them in a complex, as well as to assess the impact of the import substitution policy on the development of the industry, to propose measures for the further development of the agro-industrial sector aimed at strengthening the country’s food security.

scholarly journals Operationalizing crop monitoring system for informed decision making related to food security in Nepal

2014 ◽  
Vol XL-8 ◽  
pp. 1325-1330 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. M. Qamer ◽  
S. N. Pd. Shah ◽  
M. S. R. Murthy ◽  
T. Baidar ◽  
K. Dhonju ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Monitoring System ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Agricultural Development ◽  
Vegetation Indices ◽  
Remote Sensing Data ◽  
Crop Growth ◽  
Crop Monitoring ◽  
Agriculture Sector ◽  
High Degree

In Nepal, two thirds of the total population depend on agriculture for their livelihoods and more than one third of Gross Domestic Product (GDP) comes from the agriculture sector. However, effective agriculture production across the country remains a serious challenge due to various factors, such as a high degree of spatial and temporal climate variability, irrigated and rain-fed agriculture systems, farmers' fragile social and economic fabric, and unique mountain practices. ICIMOD through SERVIR-Himalaya initiative with collaboration of Ministry of Agricultural Development (MoAD) is working on developing a comprehensive crop monitoring system which aims to provide timely information on crop growth and drought development conditions. This system analyzes historical climate and crop conditions patterns and compares this data with the current growing season to provide timely assessment of crop growth. Using remote sensing data for vegetation indices, temperature and rainfall, the system generated anomaly maps are inferred to predict the increase or shortfall in production. Comparisons can be made both spatially and in graphs and figures at district and Village Developmental Committee (VDC) levels. Timely information on possible anomaly in crop production is later used by the institutions like Ministry of Agricultural Development, Nepal and World Food Programme, Nepal to trigger appropriate management response. Future potential includes integrating data on agricultural inputs, socioeconomics, demographics, and transportation to holistically assess food security in the region served by SERVIR-Himalaya.

scholarly journals THE RAMIFICATIONS OF CLIMATE VARIABILITY IN AGRICULTURAL FOOD CROPS PRODUCTION AMONG THE SMALLHOLDER FARMERS IN SOUTHERN HIGHLANDS, TANZANIA

2018 ◽  
pp. 16-20
Author(s):  
BROWN GWAMBENE
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Climate Variability ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Smallholder Farmers ◽  
Complex Nature ◽  
Agricultural Crop ◽  
Farming Practices ◽  
Adaptation Measures ◽  
Study Results

Implication of climate variability and changing environment potentially subvert agricultural crop production of subsistence and smallholder farmers in the developing countries. Ensuring food security during increasing environmental changes and climate variability constitutes one of the greatest adaptation challenges. Understanding the complex nature of food security and emphasis on increasing food crop production and distribution provide substantial adaptation option and an opportunity for spearheading, generating of information, developing of innovative and improving technologies to adapt to anticipated situations. This paper employed survey to collect information. The study results ascribe that the heavy reliance on rain-fed agriculture, shortage of land and the use of poor technology renders many smallholder farmers vulnerable to the effects of climate variability resulting in the decline of agricultural production, hence food insecurity. The trend is likely to worsen if no measures are put in place to redress the situation. In addressing such challenges, substantial efforts are needed to improve farming practices and the development of adaptation measures that include diversification, climate smart farming practices and improvement of extension and veterinary services. For effectiveness of adoption this will need to include promotion of appropriate and inclusive, environmentally-sound technologies and an enabling policy environment that reinforces actions at the all levels.

Social and Environmental Impacts on Agricultural Development

2020 ◽  
pp. 1299-1334
Author(s):  
Frances Bekele ◽  
Isaac Bekele
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Agricultural Development ◽  
World Population ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Maximum Benefit ◽  
Global Priority ◽  
The Face ◽  
Combat Climate Change

Addressing environmental and social impacts on agricultural development and food security is a global priority since increased food production of 60-70% is estimated to be required by 2050 to feed the growing world population. In developing nations, the situation is more acute since fewer social, technological and financial resources are available to combat climate change, which is expected to have negative effects on agricultural production, and there are other constraints to achieving food security. This chapter explores the social and environmental issues affecting agricultural production facing farmers and other agricultural practitioners, policy makers, institutions and stakeholders in the developing world. It will also address how progress in research in emerging economies can be put to maximum benefit in the face of these existing social and environmental challenges. A cohesive strategy to address these challenges is presented.

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