scholarly journals A Search for Identifying Aerobic Bacteria by Culture and Multiplex PCR in Market Eggs Causing Gastroenteritis and Enteric Fever in Bangladesh

2015 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Jannatul Fardows ◽  
SM Shamsuzzaman
Keyword(s):  
Multiplex Pcr ◽  
Salmonella Enteritidis ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Klebsiella Oxytoca ◽  
Enterobacter Aerogenes ◽  
Aerobic Bacteria ◽  
Salmonella Spp ◽  
Acinetobacter Baumanii ◽  
Source Of Infection ◽  
Egg Shells

To observe the chance of possible transmission of pathogenic bacteria from market egg to the community, potential pathogenic aerobic bacteria were detected from market eggs by culture and multiplex PCR. Egg shells and egg contents of 150 eggs collected from different markets of Dhaka city were tested. Total 145 (96.67%) egg shells yielded growth of bacteria, 23 (15.86%) of them were ESBL producers. Esch. coli was the most common (26.67%) bacteria and 7 (4.67%) were Salmonella spp. Other bacteria were Klebsiella pneumoniae (6.67%), Proteus vulgaris (3.33%), Proteus mirabilis (2%), Providencia rettgeri (15.33%), Providencia alkalifaciens (1.33%), Acinetobacter baumanii (8.67%), Citrobacter freundii (10%), Enterobacter aerogenes (6.67%) Klebsiella oxytoca (4.67%) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (6.67%). By PCR, 15 (10%) Salmonella spp. was identified from egg shells and the most common serotype was Salmonella Enteritidis (53.33%). No bacteria were detected from egg contents. Most of the bacteria were sensitive to imipenem and colistin. All Salmonella serotypes were sensitive to chloramphenicol, imipenem, gentamicin, ciprofloxacin and ceftriaxone. In conclusion, it can be said that market eggs may be an important source of infection of many gram negative bacteria including Salmonella to the community.

scholarly journals Detection of potential pathogenic aerobic bacteria from egg shell and egg contents of hen collected from poultry

2016 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 67-72
Author(s):  
Jannatul Fardous ◽  
S.M Shamsuzzaman
Keyword(s):  
Salmonella Enteritidis ◽  
Enterobacter Aerogenes ◽  
Salmonella Typhi ◽  
Aerobic Bacteria ◽  
Salmonella Spp ◽  
Providencia Rettgeri ◽  
Egg Shells ◽  
Egg Shell ◽  
Growth Of Bacteria ◽  
Hen Egg

This study was done to identify different pathogenic aerobic bacteria from egg shell and egg contents of hen. Egg shells and egg contents of 150 eggs collected from poultry were tested. Of 150 egg shells, 130 (86.67%) yielded growth of bacteria and 60 (40%) Esch. coli, 25 (16.67%) Providencia rettgeri, 5 (3.33%) Providencia alkalifaciens, 20 (13.33%) Citrobacter freundii, 10 (6.67%) Salmonella spp, 10 (6.67%) Enterobacter aerogenes were isolated. No bacteria were isolated from 150 egg contents. Total 14 (9.33%) Salmonella spp. from egg shells and 7 (4.67%) Salmonella spp. from egg contents were identified by PCR. Most of the identified serotypes were Salmonella Enteritidis (42.86% from egg shells and 71.43% from egg contents). All (100%) Salmonella Typhi and Salmonella Paratyphi A were sensitive to ciprofloxacin and ceftriaxone.

Identification of pathogenic bacteria from food handling surfaces (tabletops) from different areas with demonstration of their drug resistance properties

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anik Paul ◽  
Md. Mahmud Rahma ◽  
Tasnia Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Fast Food ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Klebsiella Oxytoca ◽  
Food Contamination ◽  
Antibiotic Sensitivity ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumonia ◽  
Microbiological Analysis ◽  
Food Handling ◽  
Salmonella Spp ◽  
Esherichia Coli

Foodborne illness is generally caused after consumption of food contaminated with pathogenic microorganisms. Food contamination often caused by contact with tabletops or food handling surfaces where the pathogenic microbes are present due to unhygienic condition of people working there and the overall environment of the food serving area. In current study, four areas (local restaurants, fast food shops, university canteens and hospital canteens) were selected for collection of swab sample (per cm2 area) from the tabletops. Five samples from each area were taken for further studies. After microbiological analysis we found ten different types of bacteria (Esherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumonia, Klebsiella oxytoca, Corynebacterium xerosis, Staphylococcus aures, Salmonella spp., Proteus mirabilis, Enterobacter aerogenes, pseudomonas aeruginosa and Alcaligenes fecalis) which are already considered to be pathogenic bacteria causing different health issues in immune-compromised and also in healthy consumers. These bacteria were then subjected to antibiotic sensitivity test using ten antibiotics-Vancomycin (30 µg), Cotrimoxazol (30 µg), Azithromycin (15 µg), Gentamicin (10 µg), Amoxycillin (10 µg), Cephradine (30 µg), Ceftriaxone (30 µg), Cefuroxime (30 µg), Cefoxitin (30 µg) and Tetracycline (30 µg). Bacterial isolates collected from university and hospital canteens showed most resistance towards these antibiotics. Strict maintenance of proper sanitation and hygiene starting from personal aspects to the overall environment of food handling service should be maintained to reduce the food contamination and foodborne disease.

Survival of Pathogenic Bacteria in Pesticide Solutions and on Treated Tomato Plants

2005 ◽  
Vol 68 (2) ◽  
pp. 296-304 ◽  
Author(s):  
TIFFANY T. Y. GUAN ◽  
GREGORY BLANK ◽  
RICHARD A. HOLLEY
Keyword(s):  
Membrane Filtration ◽  
Salmonella Enteritidis ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Incubation Temperature ◽  
Bacterial Survival ◽  
Salmonella Spp ◽  
Tomato Plants ◽  
Sterile Saline ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Pesticide Formulations

The ability of Salmonella, Escherichia coli O157:H7, Listeria monocytogenes, and Shigella to survive or grow in pesticide solutions (Ambush 240EC, Benlate T-N-G, Bravo 500, Botran 75WP, Captan 80WDG, Parasol, and Vendex 50W) used by the horticultural industry was examined. In the laboratory, individual cultures were inoculated at 4 log CFU/ml in pesticides diluted with sterile saline to the lowest recommended spray concentrations. During 21°C incubation for ≤96 h, bacterial survivors in the samples and a control consisting of saline were enumerated either by agar surface plating or hydrophobic grid membrane filtration. Most formulations tested were somewhat inhibitory to the pathogenic bacteria. All inoculated bacteria survived or grew in Bravo 500. Among bacteria tested, Salmonella spp. were best able to survive and Listeria spp. were least able to survive in pesticide solutions. When the incubation temperature or pesticide concentration was increased, survival of Salmonella varied depending on the type of formulation. In the field, when a bacterial cocktail containing E. coli O157:H7 and Salmonella Enteritidis was added to Bravo 500 at 6 log CFU/ml, both organisms were recovered from leaves and fruit skins of sprayed tomato plants after the recommended 1 day-to-harvest interval. E. coli and Salmonella survived longer on tomato leaves when sprayed in saline (at least 26 and 56 days, respectively) than when sprayed in Bravo 500 (>45 h and <15 days, respectively). While Salmonella serovars Typhimurium and Heidelberg grew in the fungicide Bravo, and Enteritidis grew in the insecticide Vendex within 96 h at 21°C in the laboratory, pathogen growth in other pesticide formulations did not occur. Higher temperature (≤30°C) or doubling pesticide concentrations had either no or a negative effect on Salmonella Heidelberg survival. Use of unexpired pesticide formulations may have contributed to the reduced bacterial survival and growth found in the laboratory and during the field trials with Bravo.

A Survey of Enterobacteriaceae and Resistance of Greater Rhea (Rhea Americana) Eggs to Experimental Contamination by Salmonella Enteritidis

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Renato Clini Cervi ◽  
Maria Auxiliadora Andrade ◽  
Cíntia Silva Minafra-Rezende ◽  
Marcos Barcellos Café
Keyword(s):  
Salmonella Enteritidis ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Bird Species ◽  
Storage Period ◽  
Salmonella Spp ◽  
Rhea Americana ◽  
Greater Rhea ◽  
Bacteria And Fungi ◽  
Protective Structures

Eggs have protective structures against possible contamination by bacteria and fungi. Pathogenic bacteria such as Salmonella spp. are therefore rarely found in adequate sanitary conditions. Few studies about the contamination of ratite eggs have been reported, and although some studies have focused on ostrich eggs, there is no information about Greater Rhea ( Rhea americana) eggs. The microorganisms that contaminate ratite eggs do not differ from those that affect other bird species. The purpose of this study was to characterise contamination in 16 eggs, supplied by a commercial breeding facility, by Enterobacteriaceae contamination and to assess the in vitro resistance to experimental contamination by Salmonella Enteritidis using analytical tests following the guidelines of the Georgia Poultry Laboratory. These elements are critical to the storage period, quality and physicochemical parameters. The results revealed the presence of the genera Proteus, Klebsiella, Citrobacter and Enterobacter related to the location of nests. Greater Rhea eggs were also found to be highly resistant to experimental infection by Salmonella Enteritidis.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Pathogenic Bacteria Associated with Fresh Produce obtained from Selected Markets in Abeokuta

2013 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-81
Author(s):  
OR Afolabi ◽  
AR Oloyede ◽  
TA Ibrahim
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Fresh Produce ◽  
Enterobacter Aerogenes ◽  
Total Coliform ◽  
Shigella Dysenteriae ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Salmonella Spp ◽  
Fresh Vegetables ◽  
Plate Counts

The bacterial quality of eight types of fresh produce obtained from selected markets in Abeokuta was determined. Two hundred forty (240) samples of fresh vegetables were examined for aerobic plate counts, coliform counts, and presence of Escherichia coli, toxigenic Staphylococcusaureus, Salmonella spp and Listeria spp. The aerobic plate counts ranged from 2.80 log10 cfu/g to 15.60 log10 cfu/g with the inner parts of cut- water melons having the highest value. Total coliform counts ranged from 0.0 to 11.80 log10 cfu/g. Pathogenic bacteria isolated were Escherichia coli,Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella spp, Listeria spp, Shigella dysenteriae, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Enterobacter aerogenes, Bacillus spp, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Streptococcus spp. These pathogens were mostly found at the outer leaves/ parts of the vegetables and render unsafe for human consumption. This study shows that the outer parts/ leaves of fresh produce are heavily contaminated with pathogenic bacteria and the fresh produce should be pre- treated thoroughly, so as to reduce the risk of food- borne outbreaks.Keywords · Pathogenic bacteria · Bacterial quality · Coliform counts

Multiplex PCR for the simultaneous detection of Salmonella spp. and Salmonella Enteritidis in food

2011 ◽  
Vol 46 (7) ◽  
pp. 1502-1507 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Santos Pinto Silva ◽  
Thayse Canato ◽  
Marciane Magnani ◽  
Juliane Alves ◽  
Elisa Yoko Hirooka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiplex Pcr ◽  
Salmonella Enteritidis ◽  
Simultaneous Detection ◽  
Salmonella Spp

scholarly journals Identification of the most common pathogenic bacteria in patients with suspected sepsis by multiplex PCR

2014 ◽  
Vol 8 (04) ◽  
pp. 461-468 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Reza Arabestani ◽  
Hossein Fazzeli ◽  
Bahram Nasr Esfahani
Keyword(s):  
Multiplex Pcr ◽  
Internal Control ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Target Genes ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Coagulase Negative Staphylococci ◽  
Acinetobacter Baumanii ◽  
Suspected Sepsis ◽  
Microbiological Methods

Introduction: Staphylococcus aureus, coagulase-negative staphylococci, Enterococcus spp., Enterobacteriaceae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Acinetobacter baumanii have been found to be the most prevalent bacteremia-causing bacteria in patients with septicemia. Early detection of bloodstream infection (BSI) is crucial in the clinical setting. A multiplex PCR method for identification of these agents in clinical samples has been developed in parallel by conventional microbiological methods. Methodology: The target genes selected for each of the organisms were very specific for designing primers. Design of primers was done using Mega4, Allel ID6, Oligo6, and Oligo analyzer software. The test comprises a universal PCR from the 16S rDNA gene and multiplex PCR from the rpoB, gyrA, sss, and chromosome X (as an internal control). Results: The sensitivity and specificity for universal PCR and multiplex PCR in comparison with BC were 83.87% and 91.58%, and 74.19% and 91.58%, respectively. The positive predictive value (PPV) and the negative predictive value (NPV) for these two PCRs were 76.47% and 94.57%, and 74.19% and 91.58%, respectively. PCR failed to identify bacteria which were found conventionally in only 3.96% and 6.34% of the cases by universal and multiplex PCR (mostly bacteria not included in the PCR cassette). In 6.34% of the cases, multiplex PCR afforded identification of bacteria, but BC showed no bacteria in the sample. Conclusions: The multiplex PCR approach facilitates the detection of bacteremia in blood samples within a few hours. Rapid detection of bacteria by multiplex PCR appears to be a valuable tool, allowing earlier pathogen-adopted antimicrobial therapy in critically ill patients.

scholarly journals Isolation of Bacteriophage from Eggs and Use of Excreta as Biocontrol Agent in Controlling Eggs Related Salmonellosis

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-44
Author(s):  
Md Abu Sayem Khan ◽  
Md Muktadir Rahman Ashik ◽  
Sabita Rezwana Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Salmonella Enteritidis ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Penicillin G ◽  
Biochemical Tests ◽  
Salmonella Spp ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant ◽  
Poultry Products ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Agar Layer

Poultry and poultry products are the leading causes of foodborne salmonellosis worldwide. Antibiotics are used to control Salmonella spp. in poultry but its uncontrolled use results in the emergence of resistant pathogens.The use of bacteriophages as antimicrobial agents to control antibiotic resistant pathogenic bacteria could be a possible alternative. The aim of this study was to isolate, characterize and evaluate the effectiveness of bacteriophages for reducingload of Salmonella spp. on eggshells. One bacteriophage named as Sal-PE, specific to Salmonella enteritidiswas isolated from poultry excreta. For isolation, samples were subject to an enrichment protocol and then double agar layer method was performed to detect plaque. It had the capability to survive in wide range of pH between 4 to 10and found to be resistant at 60°C for 1 hour. Sal” PE showed its lytic effect on 13 of the 15 (87%) isolates including Salmonella enteritidis and Salmonella typhimurium which were recovered from 50 poultry excreta samples. After enrichment and growth on selective media, isolates were identified based on cultural characteristics, microscopic observation and biochemical tests. Amplification of three different genes (invA, sdfI, fliC) were carried out tocharacterize those isolates in molecular level. All isolates were found to be resistant to penicillin G, ampicillin, oxacillin and clindamycin but sensitive to ciprofloxacin, streptomycin, cefixime and chloramphenicol. Lytic efficiency of Sal-PE was determined by observing the reduction in optical density due to destruction of pathogens. Though more studies are needed in order to evaluate phage effectiveness, our findingsare expected to help us in initiating the development of a better preventive approach to control the occurrence of Salmonella spp. on eggshells. Bangladesh J Microbiol, Volume 35 Number 1 June 2018, pp 37-44

scholarly journals Detection of Salmonella spp, Salmonella Enteritidis and Typhimurium in naturally infected broiler chickens by a multiplex PCR-based assay

2013 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
F.G. Paião ◽  
L.G.A. Arisitides ◽  
L.S. Murate ◽  
G.T. Vilas-Bôas ◽  
L.A. Vilas-Boas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiplex Pcr ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Salmonella Enteritidis ◽  
Salmonella Spp

scholarly journals IDENTIFIKASI BAKTERI AEROB PADA PENDERITA BATUK BERDAHAK DI POLIKLINIK INTERNA BLU RSUP PROF. dr. R. D. KANDOU MANADO

2013 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jumria Tandi Panggalo ◽  
John Porotu’o ◽  
Velma Buntuan
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Enterobacter Aerogenes ◽  
Aerobic Bacteria ◽  
Acinetobacter Baumanii ◽  
Culture Techniques ◽  
Microbiological Testing ◽  
Standard Culture ◽  
Infection And Inflammation ◽  
And Staphylococcus Aureus

Abstract: Phlegm is cough showed an infection and inflammation of the respiratory tract. The purpose of this study is to identify aerobic bacteria in patients with cough with phlegm in Interna Polyclinic Prof. dr. R. D. Kandou. This is a descriptive study with 30 samples of patients with phlegm cough was obtained. Thirty sputum were collected for microbiological testing by standard culture techniques. The result of this study is 30 patients with phlegm cough is men (20; 66,7%), woman (10;33,3%), aged 21-35 years old (4; 13,3%), 36-50  years old(8; 26,7%), 51-65 years old (10; 33,3%) dan ≥66 years old (8; 26,7%). Thirty samples of Sputum examines, 29 sample showed growth of microba and got two bacteria positive gram, there are   Streptococcus (7; 24,1%) and Staphylococcus aureus (1;3,4%); and eight bacteria negative gram, there are  Proteus, (6; 20,7%), Enterobacter aerogens (5;17,2%), Klebsiella ozaenae, Acinetobacter baumanii (2;6,9%) dan Citrobacter difersus, Escherichia coli, Hafnia alfei, Seratia marcescens (1; 3,4 %). In this study we found that the most bacterial positive gram causes phlegm cough is Streptococcus, and negative gram are Proteus and Enterobacter aerogenes. Keywords: phlegm cough, sputum ,aerobic bacteria.     Abstrak: Dahak pada batuk menunjukkan adanya infeksi dan peradangan saluran pernapasan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini ialah untuk mengidentifikasi bakteri aerob pada penderita  batuk berdahak di Poliklinik Interna RSUP. Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Manado. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif  pada 30 sampel penderita batuk berdahak. Tigapuluh sputum dikumpulkan untuk dilakukan pemeriksaan mikrobiologi dengan teknik kultur. Hasil dari penelitian ini ialah 30 penderita batuk berdahak didapatkan pria (20; 66,7%), wanita (10; 33,3%); berusia 21-35 tahun (4; 13,3%), 36-50 (8; 26,7%), 51-65 (10; 33,3%) dan ≥66 tahun (8; 26,7%). Tigapuluh  sputum yang diperiksa, 29 sampel memperlihatkan pertumbuhan kuman dan  didapatkan 2 bakteri gram positif  dari hasil kultur yaitu  Streptococcus (7; 24,1%) , Staphylococcus aureus (1; 3,4 %), 8 bakteri gram negatif yaitu Proteus (6; 20,7%), Enterobacter aerogens (5; 17,2%), Klebsiella ozaenae, Acinetobacter baumanii (2; 6,9%) dan Citrobacter difersus, Escherichia coli, Hafnia alfei, Seratia marcescens (1; 3,4 %). Kesimpulan Penelitian ini  didapatkan bakteri  gram positif terbanyak penyebab batuk berdahak yaitu Streptococcus dan bakteri gram negatif terbanyak yaitu Proteus dan Enterobacter aerogenes. Kata Kunci: Batuk berdahak, Sputum, Bakteri aerob.

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