scholarly journals Study on the urban residential public space planning strategies based on the improvement of immune level in severe cold area

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cunyan Jiang ◽  
◽  
Qing Yuan ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Public Space ◽  
Field Survey ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Space Planning ◽  
Cold Area ◽  
Planning Strategies ◽  
Material Space ◽  
Level 2

Active urban residential public space helps human body maintain normal immune level. Based on some qualitative research and in situ measurement methods, this paper 1) Analysis cold climate’s negative effects on people’s immune level; 2) Develop some empirical research through field survey on climate measurement and structured interview; 3) Advance some planning strategies on urban residential public space based on immune level improvement. The research results can optimize the relevant planning indicators and design principles, promote the formation of a positive urban residential public space in severe cold area, and provide empirical basis for the urban material space planning from the perspective of immune level improvement in severe cold area.

Feasibility study of technology-enabled prevention intervention for children and families (Preprint)

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nikki Theofanopoulou ◽  
Katherine Isbister ◽  
Julian Edbrooke-Childs ◽  
Petr Slovák
Keyword(s):  
Emotion Regulation ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Digital Camera ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Object A ◽  
Intervention Delivery ◽  
Parents And Children

BACKGROUND A common challenge within psychiatry and prevention science more broadly is the lack of effective, engaging, and scale-able mechanisms to deliver psycho-social interventions for children, especially beyond in-person therapeutic or school-based contexts. Although digital technology has the potential to address these issues, existing research on technology-enabled interventions for families remains limited. OBJECTIVE The aim of this pilot study was to examine the feasibility of in-situ deployments of a low-cost, bespoke prototype, which has been designed to support children’s in-the-moment emotion regulation efforts. This prototype instantiates a novel intervention model that aims to address the existing limitations by delivering the intervention through an interactive object (a ‘smart toy’) sent home with the child, without any prior training necessary for either the child or their carer. This pilot study examined (i) engagement and acceptability of the device in the homes during 1 week deployments; and (ii) qualitative indicators of emotion regulation effects, as reported by parents and children. METHODS In this qualitative study, ten families (altogether 11 children aged 6-10 years) were recruited from three under-privileged communities in the UK. The RA visited participants in their homes to give children the ‘smart toy’ and conduct a semi-structured interview with at least one parent from each family. Children were given the prototype, a discovery book, and a simple digital camera to keep at home for 7-8 days, after which we interviewed each child and their parent about their experience. Thematic analysis guided the identification and organisation of common themes and patterns across the dataset. In addition, the prototypes automatically logged every interaction with the toy throughout the week-long deployments. RESULTS Across all 10 families, parents and children reported that the ‘smart toy’ was incorporated into children’s emotion regulation practices and engaged with naturally in moments children wanted to relax or calm down. Data suggests that children interacted with the toy throughout the duration of the deployment, found the experience enjoyable, and all requested to keep the toy longer. Child emotional connection to the toy—caring for its ‘well-being’—appears to have driven this strong engagement. Parents reported satisfaction with and acceptability of the toy. CONCLUSIONS This is the first known study investigation of the use of object-enabled intervention delivery to support emotion regulation in-situ. The strong engagement and qualitative indications of effects are promising – children were able to use the prototype without any training and incorporated it into their emotion regulation practices during daily challenges. Future work is needed to extend this indicative data with efficacy studies examining the psychological efficacy of the proposed intervention. More broadly, our findings suggest the potential of a technology-enabled shift in how prevention interventions are designed and delivered: empowering children and parents through ‘child-led, situated interventions’, where participants learn through actionable support directly within family life, as opposed to didactic in-person workshops and a subsequent skills application.

Inotropic effects of ejection are myocardial properties

1994 ◽  
Vol 266 (3) ◽  
pp. H1202-H1213 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. P. De Tombe ◽  
W. C. Little
Keyword(s):  
Systolic Pressure ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Inotropic Effects ◽  
Contraction Duration ◽  
Loading System ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Isolated Rat

Recent studies in isolated and in vivo canine hearts have suggested that the left ventricular end-systolic pressure (LVPes) of ejecting beats is the net result of a balance between positive and negative effects of ejection. At present, it is unknown whether these ejection effects are merely a ventricular chamber property or represent a fundamental myocardial property. Accordingly, we examined the effects of ejection in eight isolated rat cardiac trabeculae at the sarcomere level. We approximated in situ sarcomere shortening patterns using an iterative computer loading system. Six isovolumic contractions were compared with four ejecting contractions. The superfusing solution contained either 0.7 mM Ca2+ or 0.65 mM Sr2+ plus 0.15 mM Ca2+. With Ca2+, simulated LVPes ("LVP"es) of ejecting contractions was significantly lower than isovolumic "LVP"es (-5.3 +/- 5.6%), whereas with Sr2+, ejecting "LVP"es was significantly higher than isovolumic "LVP"es (+4.5 +/- 7.5%). Contraction duration and time to end systole were markedly prolonged in ejecting vs. isovolumic contractions with either Ca2+ or Sr2+. As a consequence, comparison of simulated LVP between ejecting and isovolumic beats throughout the contraction, i.e., at the same simulated LVV and time, revealed only a positive effect of ejection with either Ca2+ (+18.8 +/- 5.5%) or Sr2+ (+23.4 +/-9.3%). We conclude that both positive and negative effects of ejection are basic myocardial properties.

New media in situ: the re-socialisation of public space

2009 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 258 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Kenderdine ◽  
Jeffrey Shaw
Keyword(s):  
New Media ◽  
Public Space

RESISTANCE OF THE PRECAST - CAST-IN-SITU REINFORCED CONCRETE FRAMES OF CIVIL BUILDINGS UNDER SPECIAL EMERGENCY IMPACT

2021 ◽  
Vol 96 (4) ◽  
pp. 45-55
Author(s):  
P.A. KORENKOV ◽  
◽  
S.S. FEDOROV ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Protection ◽  
Progressive Collapse ◽  
Structural System ◽  
Concrete Frames ◽  
Limiting State ◽  
Space Planning ◽  
Numerical Studies ◽  
Design Loads ◽  
Multi Level

The paper obtained and analyzed the results of a numerical analysis of the survivability of a new industrial structural system of residential and public buildings that meets modern requirements for protection against progressive collapse, improved space-planning, architectural and thermal protection solutions. The presence of a significant number of enterprises with technological lines for the production of structures for large-panel housing construction and their market share, combined with a number of disadvantages of the applied technical and space-planning solutions, indicates the need to modernize these enterprises in order to produce products that meet modern requirements. The purpose of this study was to qualitatively and quantitatively study the parameters of the stress-strain state of the industrial structural system of civil buildings proposed by the authors with increased resistance to progressive collapse, the production of which would not require expensive modernization of the construction industry enterprises. On the basis of multi-level design schemes, an algorithm for calculating such a system for a special emergency effect is proposed. Numerical studies have established the compliance of the developed structural system with the requirements of a special limiting state under design loads and emergency effects caused by the sudden removal of a vertical load-bearing element.

RECOVERY STRATEGIES OF THE THAI HOTEL INDUSTRY DURING AND AFTER THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC

2021 ◽  
Vol XIII (1) ◽  
pp. 15-27
Author(s):  
Chanita Sueabunthong ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Hotel Industry ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Sales And Marketing ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Recovery Strategies ◽  
Tourism And Hospitality Industry ◽  
Tourism And Hospitality ◽  
Hotel Managers ◽  
Industry Needs

The pandemic of coronavirus is one of the big health challenges that ever happened in the world which has generated a variety of negative effects and made significantly changed the different industries, especially the tourism and hospitality industry. The paper aims to identify the recovery strategies of the hotel industry during and after the COVID-19 pandemic likely to continue in the short and medium term to create customer confidence and generate income for survival. The data were collected by using qualitative approach with semi-structured interview. The study results presented the hotel industry needs to adapt into a new normal lifestyle, upgrade hygiene and cleanliness standards, provide COVID-19 prevention and safety measures, and provide contactless technology. Additionally, it was found that mostly hotel manager focuses more on sales and marketing strategies through social media to attract customers with staying and booking during and after the pandemic. This research study is going to add value to the hotel managers to respond to such impacts to recover the hotel.

Level of Sensitization on the Gains of Inclusion Dairy Cattle in Paddy Grazing and Formulated Feeds to End Herders-Farmers Conflict in Northern Nigeria

2020 ◽  
pp. 66-72
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Field Survey ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Rice Production ◽  
Rice Farming ◽  
Farming Practices ◽  
North Central ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Interview Guide ◽  
Cattle Rearing

This study was borne out of the fact that rice farming and cattle rearing are predominant in the northern parts of Nigeria. But there have been increasing conflicts between farmers and herdsmen particularly in north-central. To address this problem, this study empirically looked at the nexus between sensitization on gains from paddy grazing and farming practices in rice production. Data were collected from three hundred and twenty respondents with the aid of a structured interview guide and field survey. It was found that instead of using organic manure, Urea (55%) and NPK (36.9%) fertilizers were applied on the rice farms. Most (89.4%) of the respondents were not sensitized on the benefits of paddy grazing to the dairy cattle, environment, and soil. Results of the t-test indicated that no significant difference existed in the farming practices for rice production in Niger and Benue States (t = 8.9). The level of sensitization on paddy grazing correlates with the farm practices of the respondents (r = 0.69). This study concluded that respondents did not aware that paddy grazing could lead to increased rice and milk production.

Q Sensor for the City on the Threshold of Stress

2019 ◽  
pp. 121-137
Author(s):  
Sana Layeb ◽  
Mohsen Ben Hadj Salem
Keyword(s):  
Public Space ◽  
Electrodermal Activity ◽  
Urban Atmosphere ◽  
Objective Measures ◽  
Metrological Work ◽  
The Public ◽  
Future Direction ◽  
The City ◽  
Urban Stress

The urban atmosphere evokes several sensory registers that participate in our perception of singular tonalities, of our daily situations. Tunis is, in this chapter, the space-time that would serve as a framework for our hearing. The experimental protocol is threefold. The authors quantify users' feelings through the commented walk method and especially by objective measures of electrodermal activity. The authors conducted in situ metrological work on the sound signal. These measurements were taken using a device “Q sensor.” This device quantifies emotional arousal by measuring electrodermal activity (EDA). The data collected were compared and crossed to identify the links between the architectural configurations of the public space, the sound signals, and the ways in which the feeling of stress appears. The results indicate that urban stress situation seems complex and enjoyable to explore using a multidisciplinary approach. A future direction was presented to the urban settings through the draw on a variety of disciplines, including urban planning, architecture, and psychology.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Sentinel-3A OLCI Products Derived Using the Case-2 Regional CoastColour Processor over the Baltic Sea

Sensors ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (16) ◽  
pp. 3609 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kyryliuk ◽  
Kratzer
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Baltic Sea ◽  
Attenuation Coefficient ◽  
Secchi Depth ◽  
Local Algorithm ◽  
The Baltic Sea ◽  
In Situ Data ◽  
The Baltic ◽  
Level 2

In this study, the Level-2 products of the Ocean and Land Colour Instrument (OLCI) data on Sentinel-3A are derived using the Case-2 Regional CoastColour (C2RCC) processor for the SentiNel Application Platform (SNAP) whilst adjusting the specific scatter of Total Suspended Matter (TSM) for the Baltic Sea in order to improve TSM retrieval. The remote sensing product “kd_z90max” (i.e., the depth of the water column from which 90% of the water-leaving irradiance are derived) from C2RCC-SNAP showed a good correlation with in situ Secchi depth (SD). Additionally, a regional in-water algorithm was applied to derive SD from the attenuation coefficient Kd(489) using a local algorithm. Furthermore, a regional in-water relationship between particle scatter and bench turbidity was applied to generate turbidity from the remote sensing product “iop_bpart” (i.e., the scattering coefficient of marine particles at 443 nm). The spectral shape of the remote sensing reflectance (Rrs) data extracted from match-up stations was evaluated against reflectance data measured in situ by a tethered Attenuation Coefficient Sensor (TACCS) radiometer. The L2 products were evaluated against in situ data from several dedicated validation campaigns (2016–2018) in the NW Baltic proper. All derived L2 in-water products were statistically compared to in situ data and the results were also compared to results for MERIS validation from the literature and the current S3 Level-2 Water (L2W) standard processor from EUMETSAT. The Chl-a product showed a substantial improvement (MNB 21%, RMSE 88%, APD 96%, n = 27) compared to concentrations derived from the Medium Resolution Imaging Spectrometer (MERIS), with a strong underestimation of higher values. TSM performed within an error comparable to MERIS data with a mean normalized bias (MNB) 25%, root-mean square error (RMSE) 73%, average absolute percentage difference (APD) 63% n = 23). Coloured Dissolved Organic Matter (CDOM) absorption retrieval has also improved substantially when using the product “iop_adg” (i.e., the sum of organic detritus and Gelbstoff absorption at 443 nm) as a proxy (MNB 8%, RMSE 56%, APD 54%, n = 18). The local SD (MNB 6%, RMSE 62%, APD 60%, n = 35) and turbidity (MNB 3%, RMSE 35%, APD 34%, n = 29) algorithms showed very good agreement with in situ data. We recommend the use of the SNAP C2RCC with regionally adjusted TSM-specific scatter for water product retrieval as well as the regional turbidity algorithm for Baltic Sea monitoring. Besides documenting the evaluation of the C2RCC processor, this paper may also act as a handbook on the validation of Ocean Colour data.

scholarly journals Projected increases in intensity, frequency, and terrestrial carbon costs of compound drought and aridity events

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. eaau5740 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sha Zhou ◽  
Yao Zhang ◽  
A. Park Williams ◽  
Pierre Gentine
Keyword(s):  
Vapor Pressure Deficit ◽  
Carbon Sink ◽  
Terrestrial Carbon ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Compound Events ◽  
High Vapor ◽  
In Situ Observations ◽  
Earth System Models ◽  
Very High

Drought and atmospheric aridity pose large risks to ecosystem services and agricultural production. However, these factors are seldom assessed together as compound events, although they often occur simultaneously. Drought stress on terrestrial carbon uptake is characterized by soil moisture (SM) deficit and high vapor pressure deficit (VPD). We used in situ observations and 15 Earth system models to show that compound events with very high VPD and low SM occur more frequently than expected if these events were independent. These compound events are projected to become more frequent and more extreme and exert increasingly negative effects on continental productivity. Models project intensified negative effects of high VPD and low SM on vegetation productivity, with the intensification of SM exceeding those of VPD in the Northern Hemisphere. These results highlight the importance of compound extreme events and their threats for the capability of continents to act as a carbon sink.

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