scholarly journals PREPARATION AND COMPARATIVE EVALUATION OF HAEMORRHAGIC SEPTICAEMIA VACCINES USING EOLANE-150 AND EOLANE-170 AS OIL ADJUVANTS FOR CATTLE AND BUFFALO

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 78-84
Author(s):  
W. Shahzad ◽  
B. Zameer ◽  
S. H. Sanghi ◽  
S. Hussain ◽  
N. Mustafa
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Pasteurella Multocida ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Bacterial Antigen ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Prophylactic Measure ◽  
Post Vaccination ◽  
Haemorrhagic Septicaemia ◽  
Serotype B

Haemorrhagic septicaemia (HS) caused by Pasteurella multocida serotype B:2 is an economically important disease of cattle and buffalo, causes heavy economic losses due to sudden death of animals in developing countries like Pakistan. In this country, animals are vaccinated by alum (adjuvant) precipitated vaccine twice a year. Immunity induced through this prophylactic measure lasts for 3-4 months only. Two new HS oil based vaccines were prepared by using two new oil adjuvants such as Eolane-150 and Eolane-170. The ratio of bacterial antigen and oil adjuvants was 1:1 while bacterial dry weight was adjusted to 2 mg/ml. The addition of enrichments and aeration resulted in dense bacterial growth of Pasteurella multocida. Both new vaccines passed sterility, safety and potency tests as per OIE, 2017. Active and passive Mouse Protection Tests were performed to evaluate its potency. Indirect Haem-Agglutination (IHA) test was conducted on serum samples of two rabbits, groups each of which was vaccinated with HS oil based vaccines adjuvanted with Eolane-150 and Eolane-170. IHA indicated that immune response was higher (GMT=32) initially on 45th day to 75th day post vaccination and then declined (GMT=16) in the rabbits vaccinated with HS vaccine adjuvanted with Eolane-150, while protective immune response remained constant (GMT=16) up to ninety days post vaccination in the rabbits vaccinated with HS vaccine adjuvanted with Eolane-170. Vaccines were easy to inject with no side effects, including swelling at the injection site and longer protection as well. That would hopefully motivate the livestock owners and farmers to use this new product to protect their animals against this fatal HS disease.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Anti-HBs Antibody Immune Response against Hepatitis B virus in Vaccinated People in а North-eastern Bulgaria Region

Folia Medica ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 61 (4) ◽  
pp. 572-578
Author(s):  
Denitsa T. Tsaneva-Damyanova ◽  
Liliya I. Ivanova ◽  
Silviya N. Pavlova ◽  
Svetlana B. Todorova ◽  
Tsvetelina K. Popova
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Human Pathogens ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Post Vaccination ◽  
B Virus ◽  
Mass Immunization

Introduction: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is one of the most significant human pathogens responsible for a huge number of acute and chronic liver infectious diseases worldwide. Aim: To find the duration of post-vaccination immune response in individuals allocated to five age groups from 6 months to 20 years. Materials and methods: All tested subjects were born between 1999 and 2018 and therefore covered by the compulsory vaccination program against hepatitis B. For the serological marker anti-HBs Ab we investigated 449 serum samples taken from ambulatory people and patients of St Marina University Hospital in Varna. Results: A positive antibody response (anti-HBs Ab > 10 mIU/ml) was reported in 79.7% (n = 51) of the group of subjects up to one year old, in 70.0% (n = 196) of the subjects in the age range 1 year/1 month to 15 years, and in 39.3% (n = 33) of the subjects 15 years/1 month to 20 years old. Female sex had a better post-vaccination response than male sex with statistically significant relationship between sex and anti-HBs Ab titer (&chi;2 = 24.76, p <0.01). Conclusions: Regardless of the mass immunization against HBV in Bulgaria, the relative share of chronic HBV infections does not show a downward trend. Therefore, it is very important to study the duration of the post-vaccination immune response by demonstrating the anti-HBs antibodies and to apply a booster dose from the vaccine if needed.

scholarly journals First detection of Pasteurella multocida type B:2 in Hungary associated with systemic pasteurellosis in backyard pigs

2015 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 141-156 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara Ujvári ◽  
Levente Szeredi ◽  
László Pertl ◽  
Gergely Tóth ◽  
Károly Erdélyi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Small Area ◽  
Pasteurella Multocida ◽  
Sequence Type ◽  
Type B ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Haemorrhagic Septicaemia ◽  
Gene Typing ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Serotype B ◽  
Backyard Pigs

This is the first report of Pasteurella multocida type B in Hungarian pigs. This disease was observed in backyard-raised pigs in three households within a small area. Neither the source of the infection nor the epidemiological connection between any of the premises could be determined. The most consistent lesion was dark red discolouration of the skin of the ventral neck and brisket, with accompanying oedema and haemorrhages. The morbidity was low and lethality relatively high, with three dead (50%) and two euthanised (33%) out of six affected animals. A total of three isolates of P. multocida (P55, P56 and P57) were cultured from these cases and examined in detail. These were identified as P. multocida ssp. multocida biovar 3. All were toxA negative and belonged to serotype B:2. Multilocus sequence typing was used to assign these to a new sequence type (ST61) that is closely related to other haemorrhagic septicaemia causing strains of P. multocida regardless of the host. M13 polymerase chain reaction and virulence-associated gene typing also show that type B strains form a highly homogeneous, distinct phylogenic group within P. multocida.

scholarly journals Re-emergence of bovine haemorrhagic septicaemia in Hungary

2017 ◽  
Vol 65 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-49 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tibor Magyar ◽  
Barbara Ujvári ◽  
Levente Szeredi ◽  
Norbert Virsinger ◽  
Ervin Albert ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pasteurella Multocida ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Small Farm ◽  
Beef Calves ◽  
Haemorrhagic Septicaemia ◽  
Lymph Node Enlargement ◽  
Laboratory Examinations ◽  
Serotype B ◽  
Loss Of Appetite ◽  
World Organisation

This paper reports an outbreak of haemorrhagic septicaemia caused by Pasteurella multocida B:2 in beef calves, a disease that has not been described in the Hungarian literature since 1943, and has not been reported to the World Organisation For Animal Health (OIE) since 1970. Acute haemorrhagic septicaemia was confirmed in beef calves on one small farm, and was suspected on two further nearby holdings with concomitant unexplained losses. The source of the infection could not be determined. Apart from a short duration of depression and loss of appetite, the affected calves developed characteristic distal limb oedema. Gross findings in two calves submitted for laboratory examinations included subcutaneous oedema and haemorrhages on serous membranes, and in one case severe pharyngeal lymph node enlargement was observed. Histological examinations revealed lesions characteristic of septicaemia. Moderate to large amounts of Pasteurella antigens were detected in all organs tested by immunohistochemistry. Two isolates of P. multocida (Pm240, Pm241) were cultured from these cases and examined in detail. These were identified as P. multocida ssp. multocida biovar 3. Both were toxA negative and belonged to serotype B:2. Multilocus sequence typing was used to assign these to a new sequence type (ST64) that is closely related to other haemorrhagic septicaemia causing strains of P. multocida regardless of the host.

scholarly journals Seroconversion Studies of Indian Newcastle Disease Virus Isolates of Genotype XIII in 3 week Old Chickens

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-31
Author(s):  
S. J. Jakhesara ◽  
A. K. Patel ◽  
Priya Malsaria ◽  
J. K. Pal ◽  
C.G. Joshi
Keyword(s):  
Cross Reactivity ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Post Vaccination ◽  
Vaccination Strategies ◽  
Adjuvant Vaccine ◽  
Cross Neutralization ◽  
Virus Isolates ◽  
New Vaccines ◽  
Genotype Ii

Poultry industry plays an important role in sustaining economy of India. Despite routine vaccination strategies has been a common practice to control commonly occurring diseases in poultry, outbreaks are commonplace. Recently, emergence of genotype XIII strains of NDV resulted in widespread economic losses in India. We prepared inactivated oil adjuvant vaccine derived from Lasota, ndv53/Haryana or ndv52/Sarsa, which is recently isolated genotype XIII virus in India. Three groups of SPF chickens were vaccinated once with each vaccine and serum samples were collected every 7 days interval and tested for HI titres with three different antigens prepared from same virus to assess cross neutralization antibodies amongst them. All three vaccines have shown some degree of cross reactivity after 14 days post vaccination. However, vaccine prepared from Lasota, a genotype II virus failed to generate significant titers against both ndv53/Haryana and ndv52/Sarsa. Our observation explains recent outbreaks of genotype XIII viruses in the field and necessitates development of new vaccines to control the recently emerged NDV strains in India.

scholarly journals An Intranasal Vaccination with a Recombinant Outer Membrane Protein H against Haemorrhagic Septicemia in Swamp Buffaloes

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Anucha Muenthaisong ◽  
Boondarika Nambooppha ◽  
Amarin Rittipornlertrak ◽  
Pallop Tankaew ◽  
Thanya Varinrak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Pasteurella Multocida ◽  
Stimulation Index ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Protective Ability ◽  
Cell Mediated Immune Response ◽  
Swamp Buffaloes ◽  
Serotype B ◽  
Cellular Immune

Hemorrhagic septicemia (HS) is an important infectious disease in cattle and buffaloes, caused by Pasteurella multocida B:2 and E:2. The intranasal recombinant OmpH-based vaccine was successfully used to protect dairy cattle from HS in a previous study. Thus, this study aimed to examine the protective ability of that vaccine among buffaloes. Four groups of Thai swamp buffaloes received different vaccines and were labeled as 100 or 200 μg of the rOmpH with CpG-ODN2007, commercial HS bacterin vaccine, and nonvaccinated control groups. Sera and whole blood were collected to examine the antibody levels and cellular immune response using indirect ELISA and MTT assay, respectively. Challenge exposure was performed with virulent P. multocida strain M-1404 serotype B:2 on day 72 of the experiment. The antibody titers to P. multocida among immunized buffaloes were significantly higher than in the control group (p<0.01), especially the 200 μg of the rOmpH group. The stimulation index (SI) of the intranasally vaccinated groups revealed significantly higher levels than the nonvaccinated group (p<0.01), but not different from the intramuscularly commercial HS vaccine. The clinical signs and high fever were observed after challenge exposure in the nonvaccinated group, while it was not observed among the 200 μg of rOmpH immunized buffaloes. The other immunized groups showed partial protection with transient fever. In conclusion, the rOmpH-based intranasal vaccine could elicit protective ability and induce antibody- and cell-mediated immune response against virulent P. multocida strain among swamp buffaloes.

scholarly journals Serotyping, Genotyping and Virulence Genes Characterization of Pasteurella multocida and Mannheimia haemolytica Isolates Recovered from Pneumonic Cattle Calves in North Upper Egypt

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 174
Author(s):  
Ahmed H. Abed ◽  
Fawzy R. El-Seedy ◽  
Hany M. Hassan ◽  
Ashraf M. Nabih ◽  
Eman Khalifa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pasteurella Multocida ◽  
Confirmatory Test ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
High Morbidity ◽  
Cattle Industry ◽  
Upper Egypt ◽  
Serotype 1 ◽  
Severe Infections ◽  
Serotype B

Pasteurella (P.) multocida and Mannheimia (M.) haemolytica are the most two common pathogenic bacterial agents causing pneumonia in calves. Both bacteria are associated with significant economic losses in the cattle industry due to high morbidity and mortality rates, especially in the case of severe infections. The objectives of the present study were to perform serotyping and genotyping, as well as characterization of the virulence-associated genes in 48 bacterial isolates; 33 P. multocida and 15 M. haemolytica. All strains were isolated from pneumonic cattle calves showing respiratory manifestations such as fever, nasal discharges, and rapid breathing in North Upper Egypt governorates (Beni-Suef and El-Fayoum). PCR was applied as a confirmatory test using a specific universal gene, kmt1, and rpt2 for P. multocida and M. haemolytica, respectively. The results show that 29 (87.9%) P. multocida and 15 (100%) M. haemolytica isolates were positive for the corresponding universal gene. The results of serotyping indicate that 86.2% of P. multocida isolates belonged to serotype B:2, while 13.8% were untyped. Meanwhile, 60% and 40% of M. haemolytica isolates belonged to serotype 2 and serotype 1, respectively. Investigation of virulence-associated genes showed that all the tested P. multocida isolates harbored nanB, omp87, and toxA genes. Four M. haemolytica isolates harbored both gcp and lktC genes and of these, three isolates harbored the ssa gene. Sequencing of toxA gene of P. multocida and lktC gene of M. haemolytica in the current strains indicated a great homology with strains uploaded in gene banks from different hosts and localities worldwide.

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