Estimates and demographic correlates of hoarding disorder in non-clinical sample in Pakistan

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Ayesha Inam ◽  
Zubaa Akhtar ◽  
Aisha Kashif ◽  
Hamna Nadeem
Keyword(s):  
Rating Scale ◽  
Clinical Sample ◽  
Early Adulthood ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Hoarding Disorder ◽  
Gender Comparison ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Demographic Correlates ◽  
Rating Scale Data

Abstract Objective: To establish sample estimates of hoarding behaviour with demographic correlates in a non-clinical sample. Method: The cross-sectional study was conducted in Islamabad, Pakistan, from February to April, 2018, and comprised data collected from Karachi, Lahore, Islamabad and Rawalpindi after approval from the COMSATS University, Islamabad. Data was collected using a self-developed demographic sheet, along with the hoarding rating scale. Data was analysed using SPSS, Version 20. Results: Of the 375 subjects, 118(31.5%) were males and 257(68.5%) were females. The overall mean age was 42.25+/-13.007 years. Mean hoarding rating scale score was 8.34+/-6.69, with 76(20.3%) subjects falling in the clinical range of hoarding tendencies. There was a significant difference in the scores for Early Adulthood, Middle Adulthood and Late Adulthood (p<0.001). Gender comparison revealed significant difference (p<0.001). A significant positive correlation between hoarding and age was found (p<0.01) whereas a negative correlation was found between hoarding and monthly household income (p<0.01). Conclusion: Hoarding tendencies were found to be in the clinical range for one-fifth of the sample. Key Words: Hoarding disorder, Estimates, Demographics, Continuou...

scholarly journals Comparison of Anxiolytic Drugs of Diazepam and Zolpidem in Patients Undergoing Extraction

2020 ◽  
pp. 178-187
Author(s):  
Anupama Deepak ◽  
Dhanraj Ganapathy ◽  
Visalakshi Ramanathan
Keyword(s):  
Rating Scale ◽  
Extraction Procedure ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Anxiolytic Drugs ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale ◽  
Anxiety Levels

Anxiolytic drugs are a class of drugs that reduce the anxiety levels in the individuals by nonspecifically binding to the GABAα located throughout the central nervous system. The aim of this study was to compare the anxiolytic effects of diazepam and Zolpidem in patients undergoing extraction. This was a cross-sectional study conducted at a university setting, with a sample size of 100 patients, of the age group 25-45 years. 50 patients were administered with Tab. Diazepam and 50 patients with Tab. Zolpidem one hour before the surgical procedure. The Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HAM-A Scale) was used to record the patient's anxiety levels before and during the extraction procedure. These data were then recorded in MS Excel Sheet and imported to SPSS for statistical analysis. From this study, it can be seen that most of the patients were females and mainly between the age group 25-35 years. Diazepam had significantly lesser post sedation anxiety levels in comparison with its post sedation levels than zolpidem with, a statistically significant difference (p<0.001). Therefore, it can be concluded that diazepam had better post sedation effects than zolpidem in patients undergoing extraction as patients presented with lesser severity in their anxiety levels.

scholarly journals Is Instrumental Compression Equally Effective and Comfortable for Physiotherapists and Physiotherapy Students than Manual Compression? A Comparative Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (22) ◽  
pp. 12121
Author(s):  
Sara Pérez-Palomares ◽  
Carolina Jiménez-Sánchez ◽  
Ignacio Serrano-Herrero ◽  
Pablo Herrero ◽  
Sandra Calvo
Keyword(s):  
Rating Scale ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Manual Compression ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Myofascial Trigger Points ◽  
Pressure Release ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Instrumental Technique ◽  
Physiotherapy Students

The objective of this work is to compare the homogeneity of instrumental and manual compression during the simulation of a pressure release technique, measured with a dynamometer, as well as to evaluate the comparative degree of comfort by physiotherapists and physiotherapy students when performing this technique. Methods: A comparative cross-sectional study was carried out with physiotherapists (lecturers with clinical experience) and 4th year students of the Physiotherapy Degree at Universidad San Jorge. The amount of pressure performed and how it was maintained during 80 s with both techniques was analysed using a digital dynamometer. The degree of comfort was evaluated using a modified numeric rating scale, with higher values representing a higher degree of discomfort. Results: A total of 30 subjects participated. Significant differences were found between the techniques in terms of maintaining a constant pressure level for 80 s (p = 0.043). A statistically significant difference was found between both techniques in the period from 45 to 80 s. Regarding the degree of discomfort, the value obtained from the students’ responses was 4.67 (1.35) for the manual technique and 1.93 (0.88) for the instrumental technique. In the case of physiotherapists, the comfort was 4.87 (2.13) for the manual technique and 3.33 (1.54) for the instrumental technique. Conclusion: The sustained manual compression necessary in manual pressure release techniques in the treatment of myofascial trigger points can be performed with assistive tools that guarantee a uniform compression maintained throughout the development of the technique and are more comfortable for physiotherapists.

scholarly journals Pain perception of orthodontic treatment – A cross-sectional study

2019 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mazia Jawaid ◽  
Tabassum Ahsan Qadeer ◽  
Muhammad Faisal Fahim
Keyword(s):  
Orthodontic Treatment ◽  
Pain Perception ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Systemic Disease ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
P Value ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference

Objectives: The objectives were to evaluate the intensity of pain perceived 24 hours following insertion of fixed orthodontic appliance components i-e separators, bands and brackets. Methods: This cross-sectional study conducted at a Dental College in Karachi (July 2017-March 2018) investigated the amount of pain perceived during different stages of fixed orthodontic treatment. The inclusion criteria were healthy individuals without systemic disease, age 13-26 years, fixed orthodontic treatment candidates having healthy permanent first molars. The exclusion criteria were missing permanent first molars, patients requiring brass wire separators instead of elastomeric separators and molar tubes instead of bands, ongoing or previous periodontal disease and syndromic patients. Pain intensity was assessed in ninety eight patients using a Numeric Rating scale (NRS) at baseline (T0) before insertion, and 24 hours after insertion (T1) of a component. This procedure was repeated six times, twice each for separators, bands and brackets. Scoring was done on the NRS from 0 to 10 where 0 indicated no pain and 10 indicated worst pain possible. Results: A significant difference in perceived pain was found between baseline and after 24 hours of placement of all components (P-value 0.000). Odds ratio indicated that males were at a greater risk to feel pain than females at baseline and after 24 hours of insertion of all components. Mann-Whitney U test showed that the most painful components at baseline were bands (Mean value=0.56) and after 24 hours were brackets (Mean value 6.25). Conclusions: Significant increase in pain was noted 24 hours after insertion of separators, bands and brackets. The most painful components were bands at baseline and brackets after 24 hours of insertion. There were no significant variations in pain perception based on age. However, males perceived higher pain than females both at baseline and after 24 hours. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.36.2.619 How to cite this:Jawaid M, Qadeer TA, Fahim MF. Pain perception of orthodontic treatment – A cross-sectional study. Pak J Med Sci. 2020;36(2):---------. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.36.2.619 This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Academic Performance of Children with ADHD in Ile Ife, South West, Nigeria

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (04) ◽  
pp. 131-137
Author(s):  
Oluwasola Julius OKE ◽  
Ebunoluwa Aderonke Adejuyigbe ◽  
Saheed B. Oseni ◽  
Kolawole S. Mosaku
Keyword(s):  
Academic Performance ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Behavioral Disorder ◽  
Continuous Assessment ◽  
Older Children ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Children With Adhd ◽  
Significant Difference

AbstractAttention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurobehavioral developmental disorder that affects attention and concentration of children. In Africa, there is a lack of information on academic performance of children with ADHD. This article aims to (1) determine the academic performance and intelligent quotient (IQ) of pupils with ADHD, (2) compare the academic performance and IQ of children with ADHD to those without ADHD, and (3) determine other factors affecting academic performance in children with ADHD. A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted in Ile Ife among pupils aged 5 to 12 years. They were screened with Disruptive Behavioral Disorder Rating Scale, IQs determined with the Draw-A-Person test (DAPT), the academic performance determined with academic performance questionnaire (APQ), and continuous assessment (CA) score for 2013/2014 session recorded. A total of 32.3% of 65 pupils with ADHD had low CA score, while 9.6% of 1,320 pupils without ADHD had low CA score. The CA score of pupils with ADHD was significantly lower (χ2  = 36.875, p = 0.001), particularly among older children aged 9 to 12 years (χ 2 = 4.135, p = 0.042). A total of 46.2% of 65 pupils with ADHD had subnormal IQ, while 47.2% of 1,320 pupils without ADHD had subnormal IQ. There was no significant difference between the IQ of children with ADHD and their peers without ADHD (χ2  = 0.023, p = 0.879). Children with ADHD had similar IQ as their peers without ADHD but lower CA score. The low academic performance in pupils with ADHD could be attributed to inattentiveness in the affected pupils.

Prevalence and determinants of common fears in children and their socio-demographic characteristic

2016 ◽  
Vol 33 (S1) ◽  
pp. S128-S128
Author(s):  
A. Bener
Keyword(s):  
Academic Performance ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Ministry Of Education ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Demographic Correlates ◽  
Competing Interest

ObjectiveMost children experience some degree of fear during their development. Excessive fears can create serious obstacles to children. The aim of this study was to identify the most common fears in a sample of children and adolescents and examine the socio-demographic correlates of fears.Subjects and methodsThis cross-sectional study was conducted during the period July 2010 to February 2012 at Public and Private Schools of the Ministry of Education and Higher Education, in Qatar. Out of 2188 students approached, 1703 students agreed to participate in this study, with a response rate of 77.8%. The questionnaire includes socio-demographic information, academic performance, behaviour at home and various fears.ResultsMore than half of the children experienced fears (56.7%). Most of them were in the intermediate level, 12–15 years old (46.1%). Overall, reported fears were significantly more frequent in girls (62.6%) than boys (37.4%) (P < 0.001). A significant difference was observed between girls and boys who experienced fears in their age group (P < 0.001), education of mother (P = 0.04), household income (P = 0.008) and academic performance (P < 0.001). The most frequent reported fears were fear of someone dying in the family (85.2%), parents getting divorced (84.5%), breaking religious law (82%), being kidnapped (78.2%), family members ill (78%) and dying (76.7%).ConclusionsThe study findings revealed that fears were highly prevalent in Arab children and adolescents in Qatar. Girls reported more fears than boys. There was a significant difference observed between girls and boys in their age group and academic performance for the reported fears.Disclosure of interestThe author has not supplied his/her declaration of competing interest.

scholarly journals Depression trends in Hepatitis-C PCR positive and PCR negative patients

2021 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Qutabuddin Khuhro ◽  
Hafeezullah Shaikh ◽  
Dr. Washdev ◽  
ShahKamal Hashmi
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Gastrointestinal Diseases ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Creative Commons ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Male Patients ◽  
Open Access Article

Objective: To determine the frequency of depression in Hepatitis-C patients and its association clearance of HCV. Methods: It is cross sectional study that was conducted between 1st July to 31st December, 2020, at National Institute of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases (NILGID), Dow University of Health Sciences (DUHS). Both male and female patients aged 18 to 60 years presenting with Hepatitis-C PCR positive or had received DAA for three months and became PCR negative were included in this cross sectional study. Depression was analyzed by Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS). Mean and standard deviations were calculated and analyzed. Results: Total 210 patients were included in this study, with mean age 36.06±10.11 years. Depression was present in 118 (56.2%) patients. Among patients with HCV PCR positive depression present in 63 (30.0%) patients while in HCV PCR negative 55 (26.0%) patients. Similarly, depression in HCV PCR positive male patients, aged ≤40 years 80 (38.1%) and in HCV PCR negative 56 (26.7%) patients. Conclusion: Patients with chronic Hepatitis-C commonly suffer from depression. However, our study found no significant difference with change in PCR status at 12 weeks. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.38.1.4788 How to cite this:Khuhro Q, Shaikh H, Washdev, Hashmi S. Depression trends in Hepatitis-C PCR positive and PCR negative patients. Pak J Med Sci. 2022;38(1):---------. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.38.1.4788 This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

scholarly journals Infertility and Depression: Frequency of Depression in Infertile Males

2020 ◽  
pp. 109-115
Author(s):  
Anwar Ali Jamali ◽  
Haresh Kumar ◽  
Safdar Ali Parvez Tunnio ◽  
Shahbuddin Rind ◽  
Ashok Kumar Lohano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rating Scale ◽  
Sperm Count ◽  
Semen Analysis ◽  
Severe Depression ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Mild Depression ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Rating Scale Data ◽  
Male Subjects ◽  
Scale Data

Background: There is increasing concern that the depression may be associated with infertility. Objective: The current research was aimed to explore the frequency of depression in infertile males. Study Design: This was a cross sectional study. Duration: March 2016 to September 2018. Place: Department of Medicine, PUMHS Nawabshah, Pakistan. Materials and Methods: A total of 385 infertile male subjects who reported for the semen analysis at young age group were included in the study. Depression was assessed by using Hamilton Depression Rating Scale. Data was collected via self-made proforma and analyzed by using SPSS version 20. Results: A total of 385 infertile males were studied. Mean age of individuals was 30.28+6.18 years. Mild depression was found in 34.8% patients, moderate depression was seen in 18.2% patients, severe depression was in 8.1% patients and very severe depression was in 9(2.3%) patients. Moderate and severe depression was higher in cases of Oligospermia and Azoospermia as compared to those having normal sperm count, while results were statistically insignificant (p=0.747). Conclusions: In the observation of this study, there was a significant relationship between infertility and depression in infertile males. Depression was found in 64.6% of infertile males, ranging from mild to very severe levels.

scholarly journals The Menopausal Symptoms of Paramedics at a Tertiary Care Center

2017 ◽  
pp. 208 ◽  
Author(s):  
Toar A Kumaat ◽  
Maria F T Loho ◽  
Eddy Suparman
Keyword(s):  
Rating Scale ◽  
Care Center ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Menopausal Symptoms ◽  
Inpatient Unit ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Outpatient Unit ◽  
Significant Difference

Objective: To assess paramedic menopausal symptoms on theinpatient unit and outpatient unit.Methods: This was a cross sectional study. Data collect by fill thequestioner, the questioner fill by menopausal paramedic on Prof. Dr.R. D. Kandou Manado Hospital from October 2016 to January 2017.Data were analyzed using SPSS 22.0 for Windows.Results: Of 60 paramedics, 30 were divided to inpatient unit andthe other 30 were divided to outpatient unit. By the menopauserating scale, somatic and urogenital complaint in statistical testhave no significant differences. Psychology complaint with a moderatecomplaints on inpatient unit have 19 paramedic (63%) and12 paramedic (40%) on outpatient paramedic, in statistical havea significant differences (x2=9.62, p=0.022). On the total scoremenopausal complaints, the moderate complaints 18 paramedic(60%) on the inpatient unit and the minor complaints 21 paramedic(70%) on the outpatient unit, in statistical have a significantdifferences (x2=6.97, p=0.031).Conclusion: There is no significant difference in somatic andurogenital complaints on paramedic inpatient unit and outpatientunit. There is a significant difference in psychological complaintsand total score menopausal complaints on paramedic inpatientunit and outpatient unit.[Indones J Obstet Gynecol 2017; 5-4: 208-212]Keywords: menopause, menopause rating scale, paramedic

scholarly journals Memory Impairment in Patients With Schizophrenia and Bipolar Disorder With and Without Psychosis: A Comparative Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 214-221
Author(s):  
Robabeh Soleimani ◽  
◽  
Mohammadreza Akhzari ◽  
Fatemeh Eslamdoust-Siahestalkhi ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Memory Impairment ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Memory Function ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Common Symptom ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Psychiatric Rating Scale

Background: Cognitive impairment is a common symptom in both Schizophrenia (SZ) and Bipolar Disorder (BD), and studies have demonstrated memory impairment in patients with these disorders. Objectives: To compare memory impairment in patients with SZ, BD with psychosis, and BD without psychosis. Materials & Methods: This study was a cross-sectional study conducted on 42 patients referred to Shafa Hospital in Rasht, Iran. Patients were examined in 3 groups of 14 people each (SZ, BD with psychosis, and BD without psychosis). The study tools included a demographic information questionnaire, a Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS), and Wechsler’s Memory Scale (WMS) for adults. The obtained data were analyzed by SPSS version 21 using the 1 way analysis of variance (ANOVA). Results: The mean BPRS scores in patients with SZ (47.28) was higher than that in BD with psychosis (43.93) and BD without psychosis (23.14). ANOVA results showed a significant difference between patients with SZ and BD without psychosis (P=0.001), as well as BD with psychosis and BD without psychosis (P=0.001). Also, there was a statistically significant difference in the mean WMS scores between patients with SZ (62.07) and BD with psychosis (76.57) (P=0.009) and between SZ and BD without psychosis (73.5) (P=0.047). BPRS and WMS scores in SZ and BD without psychosis patients had a negative correlation. Conclusion: The results showed that SZ is associated with weaker memory than BD, and a history of psychosis does not have a significant effect on memory function in patients with BD.

scholarly journals PERBANDINGAN INTERPRETASI SKALA NYERI ANTARA NRS-VAS-WBFS OLEH PASIEN PASCA OPERASI ELEKTIF ORTHOPEDI DI RSUD Dr. SOETOMO

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 447
Author(s):  
Ginong Pratitdya ◽  
Nancy M. Rehatta ◽  
Dedi Susila
Keyword(s):  
Rating Scale ◽  
Health Management ◽  
Numeric Rating Scale ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Pain Scale ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Research Subjects ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Pain Scores ◽  
Significant Difference

Health management is still a challenge in health services. An instrument that can cure pain is easy, easy, with accurate interpretation and can be used by every party involved in pain management. The purpose of this study was to analyze the Numeric Rating Scale (NRS), Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), and Wong Baker Faces Scale (WBFS), which can be interpreted well by postoperative care patients. The research method used was an observational analytic study with a cross-sectional study design that analyzed the scale application (NRS, VAS, WBFS) in patients after elective orthopedic surgery at RSUD Dr. Soetomo Surabaya. This study analyzed primary data of postoperative patients which contained socio-demographic characteristics, type of anesthesia given, pain scores and patient interpretation of pain scales through special instruments. The results showed that 102 research subjects were needed. The pain scale interpretation instrument was declared valid and reliable (Cronbach Alpha> 0.60). Mean pain scores from the VAS scale (4.29), NRS (4.82) and WBFS (4.81). No significant difference was obtained NRS scale and WBFS scale (Sig> 0.05). Mean interpretation of pain scale from the VAS scale (13.62), NRS (17.14) and WBFS (21.33). There was a significant difference in the pain score of the VAS scale against the NRS scale, also the WBFS scale (Sig

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