Translation and validation of core bereavement items into Urdu language on a sample of bereaved parents and spouses in Pakistan - pilot study

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Syed Aziz Uddin Agha ◽  
Mohammad Anis-Ul-Haque ◽  
Admin
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Family System ◽  
Nuclear Family ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Pakistani Population ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Backward Procedure ◽  
Translation And Validation

Abstract Core Bereavement Items Scale was translated into Urdu language and validated in Pakistani population through forward-backward procedure. It is 17-item scale with three subscales namely Images and thoughts; Acute Separation; and Grief. It was cross-sectional study commenced on 10th of June, 2016 and completed by July, 2017 as part of pilot study of PhD research at National Institute of Psychology, Quaid-I-Azam University, Islamabad. Sample of 260 participants was selected through a combination of convenience and snowball techniques. Results showed good alpha reliability and Item-total correlation ranged from 0.62 to 0.77. Confirmatory factor analysis showed good fit of the model on the data. Findings supported the three factor solution. The findings also indicated that female gender and people living in nuclear family system report more severe bereavement. Continuous...

scholarly journals SUICIDE INTENT

2016 ◽  
Vol 23 (08) ◽  
pp. 996-1000
Author(s):  
Irum Siddique ◽  
Sadaf Aijaz ◽  
M. Akhter Parvez ◽  
Imtiaz Ahmad Dogar ◽  
Moin Ansari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Family System ◽  
Nuclear Family ◽  
Past History ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Socioeconomic Background ◽  
Psychiatric History ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Suicidal Intent ◽  
Suicide Intent ◽  
Depressive Patients

Objectives: To see the Socio demographic profile of depressive patients whohas current suicide intent coming to the Psychiatry Departments of LUMS, SCJIP, Hyderabadand DHQ Hospital/ PMC Faisalabad. Design: Cross Sectional Study. Place & Duration ofStudy: The study was conducted in six months from 1st April 2014 to 30th September 2014 atLiaquat University of Medical & Health Sciences (LUMHS) & Sir Cowasjee institute of Psychiatryand Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Faisalabad. Subjects and Methods:A total of 117 depressive patients were included in this study having moderate to high SuicidalIntent. Results: Out of 117 depressed patients with suicidal intent, predominantly females (59%)approached psychiatry ward as compared with males (41%). Mean age of the participants wasbetween 31 -40 years. Among patients 56% were married, 28% were housewives and 28% werestudent. Most of them were educated. Suicide intent was found more in middle socioeconomicgroup and more in nuclear family system. 96 patients (82.1%) were taking treatment forDepression or Anxiety at the time of interview. Conclusion: Prevalence of depressed populationwith suicidal intent predominates in students, married females especially housewives belongingfrom middle socioeconomic background and nuclear family system. Most of patients useddrugs of abuse. Past psychiatric history, family psychiatric history, past history of suicide, familyhistory of suicide and suicidal Ideations were present in patients with current suicide Intent.

scholarly journals Association of Levels of Anxiety in Resident Doctors with Factors related to the Postgraduate Training in Teaching Hospitals

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (01) ◽  
pp. 19-24
Author(s):  
Sehrish Zehra ◽  
Syed Muhammad Zulfiqar Hyder Naqvi ◽  
Muhammad Zafar Iqbal Hydrie ◽  
Samira Faiz ◽  
Farhan Muhammad Qureshi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coping Strategies ◽  
Family System ◽  
Nuclear Family ◽  
Multinomial Logistic Regression ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Teaching Hospitals ◽  
P Value ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Brief Cope ◽  
Severe Anxiety

Objective: To assess level of anxiety, its associated factors and coping strategies in postgraduate trainees of public and private teaching hospitals of Karachi Study Design and Setting: It was a cross-sectional study. The data was collected from different major teaching hospitals February 2019 till April Methodology: A total of 230 postgraduate trainees were interviewed using a pre-tested structured questionnaire specifically designed for this study which included General Anxiety Disorder-7 Scale and Brief COPE Questionnaire. Data were analyzed on SPSS version 21. Chi-square test and multinomial logistic regression was performed and P-value <0.05 was considered as statistically significant Results: Total 39.6% of the participants had no anxiety, 34.3% had mild, 16.1% had moderate while 10.0% had severe anxiety. Being single, nuclear family system and low monthly household income had higher odds of having severe anxiety (Adjusted Odds Ratio (AOR); 5.50, 95% CI 1.38,22.14, AOR; 2.50, 95% CI 0.83,7.51 and AOR; 3.17, 95% CI 0.96,10.49 respectively). Severe anxiety was also highly associated with irregular sleep pattern (AOR; 2.06, 95% CI 0.70, 6.06), no daily exercise (AOR; 5.01, 95% CI 1.21, 2.69) and lack of job satisfaction (AOR; 2.64, 95% CI 0.90, 7.90). The most frequently adapted coping strategies by participants who were found to have anxiety were, planning (89.9%), acceptance (87%) and religion (85.6%). Conclusion: Postgraduate trainees should be provided with psychological counseling and support at workplace to keep them mentally healthy to enhance their everyday performance in dealing and treating patients

scholarly journals Psychiatric Morbidities of Elderly Out-patients Attending Various Outreach Clinics in Gandaki Province of Nepal: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 58 (225) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jai Bahadur Khattri ◽  
Srijana Thapa Godar ◽  
Anil Subedi ◽  
Shweta Tirkey
Keyword(s):  
Binary Data ◽  
Nuclear Family ◽  
Somatoform Disorders ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Point Estimate ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Institutional Review

Introduction: Dramatic growth of the aging population resulted in an increased number of mentaldisorders and such data are limited in Nepal. The objective is to find out the psychiatric morbiditiesof elderly out-patients attending Baglung, Kusma, Walling, and Dumre out-reach clinics in GandakiProvince of Nepal. Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study conducted in 392 patients attending out-reachclinics of Baglung, Kusma, Walling, and Dumre of Gandaki Province for one year with the convenientsampling method. Ethical approval was taken from the Institutional Review Committee of ManipalCollege of Medical Sciences, Pokhara. The diagnosis was done according to the InternationalClassification of Disease-10 guidelines. Epi-info 7 was used and point estimate at 95% ConfidenceInterval was calculated along with frequency and proportion for binary data and the analysis wasdone. Results: The prevalence of neurotic, stress-related, and somatoform disorders 145 (37.0%) wasmaximum followed by mood disorders 111 (28.3%). Maximum cases were in between 66 and 75years, Brahmin and Chhetri caste, females, married, and from an extended nuclear family. Thereis more prevalence of female gender in all psychiatric diagnoses except in mental and behavioraldisorders due to psychoactive substance use. There is more prevalence of age groups of patients lessthan or equal to 75 years in all the psychiatric diagnosis. Conclusions: Neurotic, stress-related, and somatoform disorders were the most common diagnosis.The risk of development of certain disorders based on gender and age group of the patients wouldbe helpful for case identification.

scholarly journals Demographic Characteristics, Coping Skills, and Parental Sense of Competence of Working and Nonworking Mothers

2021 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 103-114
Author(s):  
Muneeba Shakil ◽  
Rubab Aslam ◽  
Farzana Ashraf ◽  
Memoona Idris
Keyword(s):  
Working Mothers ◽  
Family System ◽  
Nuclear Family ◽  
Coping Skills ◽  
Interactive Effect ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Sense Of Competence ◽  
Brief Cope ◽  
Parental Sense Of Competence

Demographics of Pakistani working and non-working mothers, coping skills and parental sense of competence was examined in this cross-sectional study. Two hundred (100 non-working & 100 working) mothers aged 20 to 50 years responded to demographic information, Brief Cope Scale (Carver, Scheier, & Weintraub, 1989) and Parental Sense Of Competence Scale (Gibaud-Walston & Wandersman, 1978). Results indicated that working mothers from nuclear family system used more positive coping skills and middle age working mothers were found to have more parental sense of competence than their counterparts. Interestingly, analysis of interactive effect revealed that young working mothers living in nuclear family system had more parental sense of competence than their counterparts. This study highlighted the importance of examining mother’s demographics in their coping and sense of competence in parenting. Findings would assist social psychologists to guide suitable infrastructure to mothers in both roles to improve their coping with higher parental sense of competence.

scholarly journals Activities of daily living amongst inmates of home for aged in Nagpur, Maharashtra, India: a cross sectional study

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 1964 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashok R. Jadhao ◽  
Pravin R. Ghongte ◽  
Suresh N. Ughade
Keyword(s):  
Activities Of Daily Living ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Nuclear Family ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Economic Assistance ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional

Background: Although persons of all ages may have problems performing the Activities of Daily Living (ADL), prevalence rates are much higher for the elderly (65 years and over) than for the non-elderly. Elderly population face many problems. They become economically dependent on family for their basic needs and health care. Due to nuclear family norm, there is no place for elderly parent who feel alone and insecure. The study was undertaken to assess activities of daily living and reasons for admitting in home for aged amongst them. Objectives of present study were to assess the activities of daily living (ADL) and to identify the reasons for admitting in home for aged, in two homes for aged in Nagpur city, Central India.Methods: A cross sectional study was undertaken in two homes for aged namely Panchvati Vridhashram, Umred road and Home for aged, Untakhana, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India. Total 176 study subjects had consented for participation in study.Results: Mean age of study subjects was 73.47±6.06 year ranging from 61 to 90 years. Proportion of female inmate was 55.11%. Around one-fifth of study subjects (19.32%) were illiterate. Significantly more illiterate study subjects were of female gender (chi- square=5.78, d.f.=1, P=0.016). Mean duration of stay in home for aged was 5.29±3.29 years with the range of 9 months to 17 years. Number of study subject’s dependent for at least one ADL was 37 (21.02%). Amongst dependents 32 (18.8%) inmates were partially dependent with ADL score of 1-5 and only 5 (2.85%) inmates were totally dependent with ADL score of 6-12. The proportion of inmates with dependency for at least one activity of activities of daily living increases as the age increases. Positive liner trend was observed between age and dependency (r=0.1971, P=0.0087).Conclusions: Prevalence of ADL dependency was 21.02% among the inmates of home for aged. Dependency for activities of daily living increases with increase in age. Major reasons for admission to the home for aged were - no one to look after, strained relation with family members and economic constraints. There is need for economic assistance through social security to economically dependent inmates.

scholarly journals Relationship between Self-Esteem, Jealousy and Anger in Emerging Adults

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 67-74
Author(s):  
Ayesha Farooq ◽  
Shazia Irfan ◽  
Sehrish Farooq
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Emerging Adults ◽  
Family System ◽  
Nuclear Family ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Present Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Clinical Counselling

The present cross-sectional study explored the relationship between self-esteem, jealousy and anger in young adults. Researchers hypothesized that self-esteem would be negatively correlated with jealousy and anger; jealousy and anger will be positively related to each other. Low self- esteem was proposed as a predictor of jealousy and anger. A convenient sampling technique was used to draw a sample of 200 young adults (M= 100, W=100). Correlation analysis, simple linear regression and t-test were used. As per results, self-esteem was negatively related to jealousy and anger. Jealousy was positively related to anger. Low Self-esteem significantly predicted jealousy and anger. Furthermore, significant differences in self-esteem were observed for both genders as women scored higher for self-esteem but no significant differences were found on jealousy and anger. Also, significant differences in the family system for self-esteem and jealousy were found. Participants who belonged to the joint family system scored high on jealousy, whereas those from the nuclear family were high on self-esteem. Study implications are discussed with its application in clinical, counselling, educational and domestic settings.

A pilot study of attachment relationships, psychological problems and negative automatic thoughts among college students in Pakistan

2020 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Siddrah Irfan ◽  
Nor Sheereen Zulkefly
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Psychological Problems ◽  
Peer Attachment ◽  
Automatic Thoughts ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Attachment Relationships ◽  
Automatic Thought ◽  
Symptoms Of Depression ◽  
Negative Automatic Thoughts

AbstractObjectivesThe present pilot study examined the associations between attachment relationships, psychological problems, and negative automatic thoughts among late adolescents in Rawalpindi, Pakistan.SubjectsA total of 98 participants (male = 49, female = 49) were recruited from government colleges in Rawalpindi, Pakistan.MethodsThe measures used to assess the research variables of this cross sectional study were the Inventory of Parent-Peer Attachment (IPPA-Urdu), Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale (DASS-Urdu), and the Automatic Thought Questionnaire (ATQ-Urdu).ResultsAll of these measures had good reliabilities. Findings of the correlation analyses demonstrated that maternal, paternal and peer attachment relationships were negatively related to symptoms of depression and anxiety as well as to negative automatic thoughts. On the other hand, depressive and anxiety symptoms were positively associated with negative automatic thoughts. Additionally, findings suggested that future studies must investigate adolescents from two-parent households and exclude those with only one living parent.ConclusionThe results underscored the need for further investigations of the linkages between attachment relationships, negative automatic thoughts and psychological problems on larger samples.

scholarly journals The English and Chinese language versions of the Short Form 12-item Health Survey are equivalent

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Y. T. Fong ◽  
Janet Y. H. Wong ◽  
Edmond P. H. Choi ◽  
K. F. Lam ◽  
C. Kwok
Keyword(s):  
Measurement Invariance ◽  
Health Survey ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Measurement Properties ◽  
University Campus ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Multiple Group ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
The Difference

Abstract Background The Short Form 12-item Health Survey (SF-12v2) was originally developed in English, but it is also available in Hong Kong (HK) Chinese. While both language versions had their measurement properties well assessed in their respective populations, their measurement invariance in scores has not been examined. Therefore, we aimed to assess their measurement invariance. Methods We conducted a cross-sectional study on individuals aged 18 years or older at a university campus. Those who were bilingual in English and Chinese were randomly assigned to self-complete either the standard English or the HK Chinese SF-12v2. Measurement invariance of the two components and eight scales of the SF-12v2 was concluded if the corresponding 90% confidence interval (CI) for the difference between the two language versions entirely fell within the minimal clinically important difference of ± 3 units. Multiple-group confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was also performed. Results A total of 1013 participants completed the SF-12v2 (496 in English and 517 in HK Chinese), with a mean age of 22 years (Range 18–58), and 626 participants (62%) were female. There were no significant differences in demographics. Only the physical and mental components and the mental health (MH) scale had their 90% CIs (0.21 to 1.61, − 1.00 to 0.98, and − 0.86 to 2.84, respectively) completely fall within the ± 3 units. The multiple-group CFA showed partial strict invariance. Conclusions The English and HK Chinese versions of the SF-12v2 can be used in studies with their two components and MH scores pooled in the analysis.

scholarly journals Psychopathology and Somatic Complaints: A Cross-Sectional Study with Portuguese Adults

Healthcare ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 478
Author(s):  
Joana Proença Becker ◽  
Rui Paixão ◽  
Manuel João Quartilho
Keyword(s):  
Early Detection ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Physical Symptoms ◽  
Brief Symptom Inventory ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Psychopathological Symptoms ◽  
Patient Health ◽  
The Impact

(1) Background: Functional somatic symptoms (FSS) are physical symptoms that cannot be fully explained by medical diagnosis, injuries, and medication intake. More than the presence of unexplained symptoms, this condition is associated with functional disabilities, psychological distress, increased use of health services, and it has been linked to depressive and anxiety disorders. Recognizing the difficulty of diagnosing individuals with FSS and the impact on public health systems, this study aimed to verify the concomitant incidence of psychopathological symptoms and FSS in Portugal. (2) Methods: For this purpose, 93 psychosomatic outpatients (91.4% women with a mean age of 53.9 years old) and 101 subjects from the general population (74.3% women with 37.8 years old) were evaluated. The survey questionnaire included the 15-item Patient Health Questionnaire, the 20-Item Short Form Survey, the Brief Symptom Inventory, the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale, and questions on sociodemographic and clinical characteristics. (3) Results: Increases in FSS severity were correlated with higher rates of depression, anxiety, and stress symptoms. The findings also suggest that increased rates of FSS are associated with lower educational level and female gender. (4) Conclusion: Being aware of the relationship between FSS and psychopathological symptoms and the need to explore psychosocial issues during clinical interviews may favor early detection of these cases. The early detection of mental disorders is essential for individuals’ adherence to treatments, reflecting on healthcare costs.

scholarly journals Socioeconomic Factors and Health Status Disparities Associated with Difficulty in ADLs and IADLs among Long-Lived Populations in Brazil: A Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 58 ◽  
pp. 004695802110072
Author(s):  
Júlia Cristina Leite Nóbrega ◽  
Juliana Barbosa Medeiros ◽  
Tácila Thamires de Melo Santos ◽  
Saionara Açucena Vieira Alves ◽  
Javanna Lacerda Gomes da Silva Freitas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Status ◽  
Activities Of Daily Living ◽  
Socioeconomic Factors ◽  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional

Objective: To evaluate the association between socioeconomic factors, health status, and Functional Capacity (FC) in the oldest senior citizens in a metropolis and a poor rural region of Brazil. Method: Cross-sectional study of 417 seniors aged ≥80 years, data collected through Brazil’s Health, Well-being and Aging survey. FC assessed by self-reporting of difficulties in Activities of Daily Living (ADLs) and Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADLs). Chi-square tests and multiple logistic regression analyses were performed using “R” statistical software. Results: Socioeconomic and demographic inequalities in Brazil can influence FC in seniors aged 80 years and older. Comparatively, urban long-lived people had a higher prevalence of difficulties for ADLs and rural ones showed more difficulties for IADLs. Among urban oldest seniors, female gender and lower-income were correlated with difficulties for IADLs. Among rural oldest seniors, female gender, stroke, joint disease, and inadequate weight independently were correlated with difficulties for ADLs, while the number of chronic diseases was associated with difficulties for IADLs. Conclusion: Financial constraints may favor the development of functional limitations among older seniors in large urban centers. In poor rural areas, inadequate nutritional status and chronic diseases may increase their susceptibility to functional decline.

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