Child physical abuse: awareness and practices of medical and dental doctors in Pakistan

Author(s):  
Hafiz Muhammad Ali Khan ◽  
Naveed Mansoori ◽  
Muhammad Hamza Sohail ◽  
Muhammad Ajwad Humayun ◽  
Anam Liaquat ◽  
...  

Abstract Objectives: To determine the awareness and practices of medical and dental doctors in detecting and reporting suspected cases of child physical abuse. Methods: A cross-sectional study was done from November 2017 to June 2018 among medical and dental doctors practising in public and private hospitals across Pakistan. Using convienence sampling technique a structured questionnaire was administered. The questionnaire addresses knowledge of the social indicators of child physical abuse, response to child physical abuse, and actions taken by doctors when they believe a child abuse case has been decided. Descriptive analysis was done, and Chi-square test was used for the association of knowledge about child physical abuse and sex.  P-value < 0.05 was considered as statistically significant. Results: Out of total 575 doctors, 347 (60.3%) were males and 446 (77.6%) work in private hospitals. The majority of doctors 384 (66.8%) had <10 years of experience and only 99(17.2%) had received formal training of child abuse.  A fifth of doctors agreed to tell someone immediately after being physically abused for social indicators of child physical abuse and considered statistically significant between the sexes (P<0.05).  Most doctors 450(78.3%) strongly agreed on the value of identifying and documenting child physical abuse while 563(97.9%) doctors did not take any action to suspect a child abuse case. Conclusion: The study revealed sufficient knowledge among doctors about child physical abuse. Although the doctors had a positive attitude regarding child physical abuse, a large proportion remain silent on its suspicion. Keywords: Child, Physical abuse, Physicians, Continuous...

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hana Tesfaye ◽  
Ebissa Negara ◽  
Kenbon Bayisa

Abstract Background Implanon is an effective form of long-acting reversible contraceptive used to prevent conception with a clinical failure rate of less than one per 100 users. However, in sub-Saharan countries the utilization of implanon was very low. Regardless of low utilization; its early discontinuation is very common in most developing countries including Ethiopia. Objectives To assess the prevalence of early implanon discontinuation and associated factors among women ever used implanon in Mettu district. Methods A community based cross-sectional study design was conducted from October 11 to December 4, 2020 G C. A total of 430 women were included in the study by systematic random sampling technique. Data were entered into epi data version 3.1 and analyzed by SPSS version 25.0. Descriptive analysis was computed to describe descriptive results. Logistics regression was computed to see the relative effect of factors on the outcome variable. Adjusted odds ratio was calculated with 95% confidence intervals to show strength of association and p-value < 0.05 was used to declare statistical significance. The finding of the study was presented using narrations, tables and chart. Result The total proportion of early implanon discontinuation among 430 mothers was 19.3%. Women who did not counseled about the presence of alternatives methods [AOR = 2.28: 95% CI (1.22–4.26)], women who experienced dizziness after insertion of implanon [AOR = 1.90: 95% CI (1.06–3.43)] and being having menstrual disturbance after insertion of implanon [AOR = 2.17: 95% CI (1.16–4.08)] were significantly associated with early implanon discontinuation. Women who were counseled about the advantage of implanon [AOR: 0.49: 95% CI (0.28–0.87)] were protective from early implanon discontinuation. Conclusion and recommendation Early implanon discontinuation among mothers was found to be high. Hence, effective counseling on advantages and side effects of implanon and proper management of the side effects should be made to increase implanon retention.


2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Naveed Mansoori ◽  
Imran Bakar ◽  
Naveen Shahid ◽  
Syed Muhammad Mubeen

Introduction: Toothbrushes play an essential role in oral hygiene and is commonlypracticed on daily basis to clean the oral cavity. It can serve as a reservoir for microorganismsin healthy and infected person. Objectives: To isolate the bacterial contaminants on usedtoothbrushes and to compare the type of bacterial growth in capped and uncapped toothbrushesamong general population of Karachi. Study Design: Cross-sectional study. Setting: Study wasconducted among general population of Karachi. Hamdard College of Medicine and Dentistry,Hamdard University, Karachi. Period: February to September 2014. Methodology: Usingconvenient sampling technique, data was collected from subjects of different socioeconomicstatus. Toothbrushes for culture was collected under standard precautions to observe asepticconditions. Descriptive analysis was done for all independent variables using SPSS version20. The frequency of various bacterial contaminants on used toothbrushes were determinedand chi square test was used to observe the association of bacterial growth among cappedand uncapped toothbrushes. P-value <0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results:Out of the total 106, 51 (48.1%) were female and 55 (51.9%) male participants. Substantialnumber of toothbrushes 91 (85.8%) were found to have bacterial contamination. Majority ofthe participants (82.1%) were between 19 . 59 years of age, intermediate or above (61.3%),monthly income rupees . 20000 (46%), using same brush >3 months (50.0%), brushing teethtwice a day (62.3%) and keeping toothbrushes uncapped were (66.0%). Statistically significant(P<0.05) difference was found between capped and uncapped toothbrushes and presenceof Klebsiella and Pseudomonas. Conclusion: The study concluded that used toothbrushesare significantly contaminated with bacteria which may cause serious health problems amongindividuals and families.


2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lenny Gannika ◽  
Andi Buanasasi

Abstrack: Nurse’s performance is a quality and quantity work result accomplished by a nurse in fulfilling her duties according to her responsibilities in providing nursing care to the patient overall. There is some factors that influence the nurse performance,one of the factor is leadership style. The research purpose is to identify the leadership style og head room to the nurse and nurse performance to the patient and to analyze whether there is any relation of leadership style of head room with nurse performance in inpatient room of GMIM Pancaran Kasih Hospital Manado. The research design used is descriptive analysis method through cross-sectional. The sample consists of 61 respondents obtained by using non random sampling technique with purposive sampling method. The result of the research significant result was obtained at ρ-value=1,000 >(0,05). The condusion is that there is no relation between leadership style of head room with nurse performance in inpatient room of GMIM Pancaran Kasih Hospital Manado.Keywords: Head office leadership style, nurse performanceAbstrak: Kinerja perawat adalah hasil kerja secara kualitas dan kuantitas yang dicapai oleh seorang perawat dalam melaksanakan tugasnya sesuai dengan tanggung jawabnya dalam memberikan asuhan keperawatan kepada pasien secara menyeluruh. Ada berapa faktor yang mempengaruhi kinerja perawat salah satunya yaitu gaya kepemimpinan. Tujuan penelitian ini mengidentifikasi gaya kepemimpinan kepala ruangan pada perawat dan kinerja perawat pada pasien serta menganalisis Apakah Ada Hubungan Gaya Kepemimpinan Kepala Ruangan Dengan Kinerja Perawat Diruang Rawat Inap RSU GMIM Pancaran Kasih Manado. Desain penelitian yang digunakan Deskriptif Analitik dengan pendekatan Cross Sectional. Sampel berjumlah 61 responden yang didapat dengan menggunakan tehnik non random sampling dengan metode purposive sampling. Hasil penelitian didapatkan nilai signifikan p-value = 1,000 > (0,05) Kesimpulan bahwa tidak terdapat hubungan antara gaya kepemimpinan kepala ruangan dengan kinerja perawat diruang rawat inap RSU GMIM Panacaran Kasih Manado.Kata Kunci : Gaya Kepemimpinan Kepala Ruangan, Kinerja Perawat


2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Reni Nofita ◽  
Dorsinta Siallagan ◽  
Yuliyanti Yuliyanti

 Anemia in pregnancy is potentially harmful to the mother and child. Based Riskesdas 2013 the prevalence of anemia among pregnant women in Indonesia amounted to 37.1%, this indicates the incidence of pregnancy anemia in Indonesia is still quite high, this study aims to Know the knowledge before and after getting a health education about the link between diet and the incidence of high risk in pregnancy puskesmass District, Ciputat timur.Metode this research is descriptive analysis with cross sectional study design. Location of the research conducted at the health center subdistrict, Ciputat east, Rengas, Pisangan, Pondok Ranji. Samples in this study were 84 maternal sample is taken by accidental sampling technique. The research instrument used was a questionnaire and book ANC. Data analysis using Chi Square Results of the study of 84 pregnant women, obtained 20.9% experienced anemia There is a significant correlation between regularity of the diet and the incidence of anemia, with p value 0.002. There is a significant relationship between the processing of foodstuffs with anemia, with p value 0,007. There is a significant relationship between the type of food in consumption with anemia, with p value 0.002.Keyword: Diet, Anemia, Pregnancy


Author(s):  
Muhammad Nasir Saleem ◽  
Hina Zafar Raja ◽  
Asma Shakoor ◽  
Haroon Rashid ◽  
Haiqa Nasir ◽  
...  

Domestic violence is a complex social issue worldwide that includes a wide range of physical, sexual, psychological, economic, or emotional trauma to a child or adult. A large proportion of domestic violence cases remain unreported or undocumented. Dentists can play an important role in identifying and reporting these cases, but no such local study is available assessing the dental practitioners’ attitudes and knowledge of evaluating physical abuse in Pakistan. The objective of this study was to assess the knowledge and practices of dental practitioners of Pakistan about domestic violence. This cross-sectional study was carried out over 2 months, among 330 dentists across Pakistan, selected by convenience sampling technique. Data was collected via a pre-validated online questionnaire, filled anonymously after taking informed consent. The survey questionnaire collected data about dentists’ demographics, awareness, and experiences about domestic violence cases via close-ended questions. Only 10.6% of participating dentists received formal training in the management of domestic violence cases. Approximately 55% of participants knew that physical abuse should be reported in all circumstances; however, half of them could not accurately identify the legal authorities where suspected cases should be reported. Only 20% of the participating dentists had ever suspected a case of physical abuse and 30% of those actually reported it to legal authorities. Participants characterized fear of anger from relatives as the most significant barrier toward reporting suspected cases. The analysis revealed that Pakistan’s dentists lack adequate knowledge regarding domestic violence in terms of identification, relevant physical signs/symptoms, and social indicators. Dentists of Pakistan had insufficient knowledge about the identification, management, and reporting of domestic violence cases. However, formal training and dentists’ qualification were positively associated with overall awareness and practices regarding domestic violence case management.


2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 58
Author(s):  
Setia Budi ◽  
Ria Dila Syahfitri

The rate of stroke incidence is about 200 per 100,000 people throughout the world. This study aims to determine the Relation Suffer Stroke With Independence Level In Neurology Polyclinic TK II DR Ak Gani Palembang Year Hospital 2017. The research method used is descriptive quantitative with cross sectional design that is done by interviewing techniques with questionnaires on 42 respondents with Accidental sampling technique. This research was conducted in August 2017. Data analysis used is univariate data analysis and bivariate data analysis with one way anova test result. The results of univariate analysis showed that the duration of the respondents suffering from stroke was between 2.10 years to 3.38 years. Also found that most respondents were at the level of independence f; independent, except bathing, dressing, moving, and one other function with a total of 12 respondents. The results showed that there was a significant relationship between the long suffering stroke with the level of independence with the value of p value 0.025. For that the need for rehabilitation to patients and families of patients in order to help improve the independence of stroke patients in doing their daily activities. Keywords : Long Suffer Stroke, Level of Independence


2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 87-92
Author(s):  
Dwi Indah Iswanti ◽  
Fery Agusman Motuho Mendrofa ◽  
Diyanto Diyanto

Kemandirian bukanlah keterampilan yang muncul secara tiba-tiba tetapi perlu diajarkan dan dilatih pada anak agar tidak menghambat tugas- tugas perkembangan anak selanjutnya. Terutama pada anak yang mengalami retardasi mental akan sangat membutuhkan dukungan dari keluarga. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui hubungan  dukungan keluarga dengan tingkat kemandirian anak retardasi mental di SLB Negeri Semarang. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh orang tua siswa kelas IV-VI di SLB Negeri Semarang yang berjumlah 64 siswa. Teknik sampling yang digunakan adalah total sampling. Dukungan keluarga pada anak retardasi mental sebagian besar adalah mendukung yaitu sebanyak 53,1%, kemandirian anak retardasi mental sebagian besar adalah kurang mandiri yaitu sebanyak 53,1%. Hasil uji statistik menemukan ada hubungan antara dukungan keluarga dengan kemandirian anak retardasi mental di SLB Negeri Semarang, dengan p value sebesar 0,000.   Kata kunci : dukungan keluarga, kemandirian anak retardasi mental THE CORRELATION BETWEEN FAMILY SUPPORT AND THE LEVEL OF INDEPENDENCE OF MENTALLY RETARDED CHILDREN   ABSTRACT Independence is not a skill that emerges suddenly but needs to be taught and trained in children so as not to inhibit the tasks of further child development. Especially for children who are mentally retarded, they will need support from the family. Research objectives to find out the correlation between family support and the level of independence of mentally retarded children in extraordinary school State of Semarang. This study uses a quantitative method with a cross sectional approach. The population in this study were all parents of students in class IV-VI in Semarang State SLB, amounting to 64 students. The sampling technique used is total sampling. Family support for mentally retarded children was mostly supportive, as much as 53.1%, the independence of most mentally retarded children was less independent, which was as much as 53.1%. The results of statistical tests found that there was a correlation between family support and the independence of mentally retarded children in Semarang State SLB, with a p value of 0,000.   Keywords: family support, independence of mentally retarded children


1970 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 01
Author(s):  
Didit Damayanti ◽  
Pria Wahyu R.G ◽  
Muhanni’ah Muhanni’ah

Introduction: Disaster management is a dynamic, continual, and integrated process as to increase the qualities of the actions which are relevant to the process of observation and analysis of disaster as well as minimalizing the negative impacts, mitigation, readiness, early warning, immediate emergency, rehabilitation and reconstruction. The aim of this research is to analyse theconnection between disaster management and the prevention of community breakdown in order to face a volcanic eruption for every head of household. Method: The design of this research is correlational research with a cross sectional approach. The demographic group that is used for this research is the head of households in Rt 06/Rw 01 dusun Puncu desa Puncu, by using the purposive sampling technique which has been collected from the sampling of the 33 heads of households. Independent variable is the knowledge of disaster management, and the dependent variable is the prevention of community breakdown in the handling of the disaster. The data has been received by using the questionnaire, and the results have been analysed by using spearman rho test. Result:  As according to the statistics test, it is found that p-value= 0,000 on the significant level (α) = 0,05 and r = 0,752. It is concluded that there is a connection between knowledge and the prevention of community breakdown in handling of the volcanic eruption in Rt 06/Rw 01. This research shows that the level of knowledge within the community about disaster management and prevention in handling volcanic eruption has been increasing. Conclution: This is shown by the capability of the community in mitigating the effects of the disaster. It is hoped that the community will further engage in training education and simulation to reduce the negative impacts of a disaster. The location where the participants resideis Kelud Volcano, and it is therefore hoped that the communities are willing to participate in better handling of any disaster by joining the education training and simulation; Kata kunci : Pengetahuan, Manajemen bencana, Prevention.


2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 99
Author(s):  
Laila Kamila ◽  
Maulidiyah Salim

Abstract: Coronary heart is a disease that offense to blood vessels and heart attack due to constriction of blood vessels. A high level of cholesterol in blood or exceeds the normal limit can form sediment in wall of blodd vessels which cause blood vessels constriction or blockage. This research object to determine whether there is a correlation between cholesterol level total and hypertension with coronary heart disease in patients who hospitalized in Regional Public Hospital of dr. Soedarso Pontianak. This study was used cross sectional design, purposive sampling technique, it gained 50 people as samples. The measurement of blood pressure was done in heart poly and cholesterol total level in clinic laboratory of Regional Public Hospital of dr. Soedarso by using enzymatic CHOD-PAP method. It can be obtained that 10 people had hypertension and 40 people did not.the average of total cholesterol was 224 mg/dl. Maximum value of total cholesterol was 224 mg/dl and 152 mg/dl as minimum value. Data has been analyzed by using statistical test, Chi-Square, to determine the correlation of total cholesterol wit coronary heart disease, obtained p value=0,024 (less than α=0,05). Correlation of hypertension and coronary heart disease gained p value=0,923 (more than α=0,05), it can be concluded that total cholesterol correlated with coronary heart disease, and there was not a correlation between hypertension and coronary heart disease.Abstrak: Jantung koroner adalah penyakit yang  menyerang pembuluh darah dan serangan jantung, karena penyempitan pada pembuluh darah. Kadar kolesterol yang tinggi dalam darah melebihi normal dapat membentuk endapan pada dinding pembuluh darah sehingga menyebabkan penyempitan dan tersumbatnya pembuluh darah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan kadar kolesterol total dan hipertensi dengan penyakit jantung koroner pada pasien di RSUD dr. Soedarso Pontianak. Disain penelitian  ini menggunakan cross sectional, teknik pengambilan sampel yaitu purposive sampling, didapat jumlah sampel 50 orang. Pengukuran Tensi Darah dilakukan di poli Jantung dan pemeriksaan kadar kolesterol total di laboratorium klinik RSUD dr. Soedarso Pontianak dengan metode enzimatik CHOD-PAP. Hasil penelitian didapatkan 10 orang mengalami hipertensi dan 40 orang non hipertensi. Rata-rata kadar kolesterol total 224 mg/ dl. Nilai maksimum kadar kolesterol total yaitu 224 mg/dl dan nilai minimum yaitu 152 mg/dl. Analisa data dengan uji statistik Chi-square untuk mengetahui hubungan kolesterol total dengan penyakit jantung koroner didapatkan nilai p = 0,024 (lebih kecil dari  α 0,05). Uji hubungan hipertensi dengan penyakit jantung koroner didapat nilai p = 0,923 (lebih besar dari α 0,05), dapat disimpulkan terdapat hubungan kadar kolesterol total dengan penyakit jantung koroner dan tidak ada hubungan hipertensi dengan penyakit jantung koroner.


2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristin Natal Riang Gea

AbstrakKeselamatan pasien merupakan dasar dari pelayanan kesehatan yang baik. Pengetahuan tenaga kesehatan dalam sasaran keselamatan pasien terdiri dari ketepatan identifikasi pasien, peningkatan komunikasi yang efektif, peningkatan keamanan obat yang perlu diwaspadai, kepastian tepat lokasi, prosedur, dan tepat pasien operasi, pengurangan risiko infeksi, pengurangan risiko pasien jatuh. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui hubungan antara pengetahuan dengan penerapan keselamatan pasien pada petugas kesehatan di Puskesmas Kedaung Wetan Kota Tangerang. Metode Penelitian menggunakan deskriptif korelasi menggunakan pendekatan cross sectional. Populasi sebanyak 50 responden. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan total sampling. Instrumen yang digunakan berupa lembar kuesioner. Teknik analisa diatas menggunakan analisa Univariat dan Bivariat. Hasil Penelitian ada Hubungan Pengetahuan dengan Penerapan Keselamatan Pasien pada Petugas Kesehatan, dengan hasil, p value sebesar 0,013 &lt; 0,05 maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa ada Hubungan Pengetahuan dengan Penerapa Keselamatan Pasien pada Petugas Kesehatan. Kesimpulan penelitian ada Hubungan Pengetahuan dengan Penerapan Keselamatan Pasien.. AbstrackPatient safety is the basis of good health services. Knowledge of health personnel in patient safety targets consists of accurate patient identification, increased effective communication, increased safety of the drug that needs to be watched, certainty in the right location, procedure, and precise patient surgery, reduction in risk of infection, reduction in risk of falling patients. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between knowledge and the application of patient safety to health workers in the Kedaung Wetan Health Center, Tangerang City. The research method uses descriptive correlation using cross sectional approach. The population is 50 respondents. The sampling technique uses total sampling. The instrument used was a questionnaire sheet. The analysis technique above uses Univariate and Bivariate analysis. The results of the study there is a Relationship of Knowledge with the Implementation of Patient Safety in Health Officers, with the result, p value of 0.013 &lt;0.05, it can be concluded that there is a Relationship between Knowledge and Patient Safety Implementation in Health Officers. The conclusion of the study is the Relationship between Knowledge and the Implementation of Patient Safety.Keywords Knowledge, Patient safety, Health workers


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