scholarly journals Thermal Analysis of Oil Shale Ash-filled High-density Polyethylene Composites

2021 ◽  
pp. 59-65
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Stability ◽  
Thermal Analysis ◽  
Thermal Properties ◽  
Polymer Composite ◽  
High Density Polyethylene ◽  
Oil Shale ◽  
Neat Polymer ◽  
Oil Shale Ash ◽  
Shale Ash ◽  
Thermal Stability Of

Thermal analysis was performed to evaluate the impact of the addition of oil shale ash (OSA) to high-density polyethylene (HDPE) polymer matrix using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermo-gravimetric analysis (TGA). Extrusion and press molding processes were used to compound the OSA-filled HDPE polymer composites containing 0, 5, 15 and 25 wt% OSA, for which the thermal properties and the characteristics of the composites were studied. Investigation of the thermal properties of the OSA-HDPE composite is necessary for selecting processing conditions and the appropriate application field. The DSC results demonstrated that OSA addition only marginally affected the glass transition temperature Tg of the composite formulations. The melting temperature Tm showed a decreasing trend with increased OSA fraction, while the crystallization temperature Tcryst showed an increasing trend. The heat of fusion ∆Hm, the heat of crystallization ∆Hcryst and the percentage of crystallinity decreased on the addition of OSA filler. The TGA results demonstrated that the thermal stability of the polymer composite matches that of the neat polymer behavior up to 350 °C after which the thermal stability of the filled polymer composite increases with increased filler content. Above 360 °C, the weight loss of the neat polymer as well as of the polymer composite is accelerated up to 480 °C where all tested samples become fully degraded.

scholarly journals Properties of Oil Shale Ash Filled Polypropylene Composite Material: Mechanical and Physical Characterization

2021 ◽  
Vol 33 (9) ◽  
pp. 2175-2181
Author(s):  
Alaa Al-Shurafat ◽  
Raid Banat
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Stress ◽  
Polymer Composite ◽  
Water Uptake ◽  
Oil Shale ◽  
Tensile Strain ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
Impact Testing ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Oil Shale Ash ◽  
Shale Ash

The outcome of oil shale ash (OSA) filler addition on the mechanical, morphological, thermal and water uptake properties of the polypropylene (PP) matrix was investigated. The test specimens were prepared with various ratios of the mixtures that contain OSA and polypropylene in the following weight percentages: 0%, 10%, 20%, 30% and 40% OSA in polymer matrix. Composites specimens were produced by using a co-rotating twin screw extruder and a thermal press machine. The properties of the polymer composite specimens were characterized by using a universal testing machine (WDW-5) and izod impact testing machine (FI-68). The morphology of the composite samples was also characterized by using the scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Impact strength and Young’s modulus of the OSA/PP composite formulations were consistently improved on OSA inclusion. On the other hand, addition of OSA to pure polypropylene had consistently reduced the tensile stress at yield, tensile stress at rupture, tensile strain at yield and tensile strain at break. Adding OSA to polypropylene decreased the maximum flexural stress and flexural strain of maximum force. The observed SEM confirmed that the addition of OSA to pure polypropylene resulted in a significant increase in its agglomerates and filler pullout. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) results confirmed the addition of the OSA to pure polypropylene resulted in a significant decrease in normalized heat of crystallization, normalized enthalpy of melting. Where the degree of the crystallinity (Xc) of polymer composite decreased from 59% to 34% for 0% and 40% OSA addition, respectively. While melting temperature (Tm) of the composite did not change (167 °C) the crystallization temperature (Tc) increased from 116.6 °C to 127.1 ºC for 0% to 40% OSA addition, respectively. Water uptake, however, demonstrated different behaviour. The initial addition of OSA to polypropylene increased the water uptake property up to 4% for the 40% filler addition. The results of this study demonstrated that the OSA could be used as reinforcement material for polypropylene, as long as good mechanical properties and homogeneous morphology obtained.

scholarly journals Aggregation and thermal properties of nanostructured montmorillonite covered with mixed adsorption layers of cationic polyacrylamide and hazardous lead(II) ions

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 5499-5510
Author(s):  
Małgorzata Wiśniewska ◽  
Gracja Fijałkowska ◽  
Katarzyna Szewczuk-Karpisz ◽  
Dariusz Sternik
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Stability ◽  
Thermal Analysis ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Thermal Properties ◽  
Chemical Nature ◽  
Solid Particles ◽  
Cationic Polyacrylamide ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
Adsorption Layers ◽  
Thermal Stability Of

AbstractThe aim of the study was to investigate the influence of nanostructured montmorillonite surface modification by the cationic polyacrylamide and the lead(II) ions on the thermal and aggregation properties of solid particles covered with mixed adsorption layers. The effects of cationic groups content in the polymeric macromolecules, the order of individual adsorbates addition, and lead(II) ions concentration were determined. Using spectrophotometry, potentiometric titration, microelectrophoresis, turbidimetry, DCS (Differential Centrifugal Sedimentation) and thermal analysis methods, the adsorption, electrokinetic, aggregation properties, as well as the thermal stability of studied montmorillonite—CT PAM—Pb(II) systems were established. It was shown that applied polymeric substance (soil flocculant) causes accumulation of lead(II) ions, which are hazardous at very low concentrations. Nevertheless, the chemical nature of these interactions may limit the bioavailability of this heavy metal for plants.

Effects of MAPE Treatments on Thermal Properties of Silvergrass Reinforced High Density Polyethylene Composites

2013 ◽  
Vol 750-752 ◽  
pp. 33-37
Author(s):  
Dong Xue ◽  
Wang Wang Yu ◽  
Jing Lu ◽  
Qin Liu ◽  
Xue Jing Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Stability ◽  
Thermal Properties ◽  
Injection Molding ◽  
High Density Polyethylene ◽  
Nucleating Agent ◽  
High Density ◽  
Thermal Stability Of ◽  
Polyethylene Composites

In this study,silvergrass (SV) reinforced high density polyethylene (HDPE) composites (WPCs) were prepared by injection molding. The effects of maleated polyethylene (MAPE), Slivergrass fibers (SV) content on the thermal, crystalline properties of WPCs were investigated. It was found that compared with the untreated WPCs, the thermal stability of the composites after incorporation of MAPE was significantly improved. Moreover, the results show that with MAPE adding, SV was an effective heterogeneous nucleating agent.

scholarly journals Investigation the effect of Graphene on The Morphology, Mechanical and Thermal properties of PLA/PMMA Blends

2015 ◽  
Vol 37 ◽  
pp. 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Azin Paydayesh ◽  
Ahmad Aref Azar ◽  
Azam Jalali Arani
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Thermal Stability ◽  
Thermal Analysis ◽  
Thermal Properties ◽  
Poly Lactic Acid ◽  
Mechanical And Thermal Properties ◽  
Elongation At Break ◽  
Blend Morphology ◽  
Pmma Blends ◽  
Thermal Stability Of

In this work, Poly Lactic Acid/Poly methyl Methacrylate (PLA/PMMA) blends in various compositions prepared and morphology and properties of these blends was investigated. Moreover, the effect of adding different amounts of Graphene Nanoplatelets (GNP) on the morphology of the blends (by SEM), the interaction of nanopalates with polymer phases (by FTIR) and its effect on the mechanical properties and thermal stability of the samples were examined. The results of the study showed that in different amounts of graphene, these plates were preferentially located in the polymer phases dissimilarly and thus, caused the change of the blend morphology. In addition, measuring the mechanical properties by tensile test and results of thermal analysis by TGA indicated the improvement of thermal stability, modulus and mechanical strength and reduction of the elongation at break of graphene containing blends with increasing the loading of GNP. The changing behavior of the mechanical and thermal properties was proportional to the Graphene localization in blend phases.

Effects of recovered brown alumina filler loading on mechanical, hygrothermal and thermal properties of glass fiber–reinforced epoxy polymer composite

2021 ◽  
Vol 29 (9_suppl) ◽  
pp. S1092-S1102
Author(s):  
P Sabarinathan ◽  
VE Annamalai ◽  
K Rajkumar ◽  
K Vishal
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Stability ◽  
Thermal Properties ◽  
Flexural Strength ◽  
Glass Fiber ◽  
Polymer Composite ◽  
Filler Loading ◽  
Matrix Cracking ◽  
Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Glass Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Thermal Stability Of

This study investigates the efficiency of recovered brown alumina (RBA) particles filled in epoxy glass-fiber composites. The RBA particles were obtained from grinding wheel rejects with the help of the mechanical crushing process. Recovered particles finer than 120 grit were used as particulate filler for composite preparation. Composites were processed through a hand-layup technique by varying RBA filler loading percentages (0, 5, 10, 15, and 20 wt.%) in a glass fiber–reinforced epoxy matrix. Physical, mechanical, water absorption, and thermal properties of the composites were tested experimentally. By suitable addition of RBA, it is possible to tailor the shore-D hardness, tensile modulus, flexural strength, flexural modulus, and maximum degradation temperature. The 20%-filled RBA composite shows the maximum flexural strength of 382 MPa, and the shore-D hardness value was 85. The fracture surface shows a failure mechanism dominated by matrix cracking and debonding of fiber/particles from the interface. Hygrothermal testing of the RBA20-filled composite reveals 9% and 4% reduction in tensile and flexural properties. The thermal stability of the glass fiber–reinforced composite improves as the filler percentage increases. Maximum thermal stability of 435°C was observed in 20%-filled RBA polymer composite.

Mechanical and thermal properties of high-density polyethylene/alumina/glass fiber hybrid composites

2018 ◽  
Vol 32 (11) ◽  
pp. 1566-1581 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sergio Augusto B Lins ◽  
Marisa Cristina G Rocha ◽  
José Roberto M d’Almeida
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Stability ◽  
Thermal Properties ◽  
Elastic Modulus ◽  
Mechanical Strength ◽  
Glass Fiber ◽  
High Density Polyethylene ◽  
Hybrid Composites ◽  
Glass Fibers ◽  
Neat Polymer ◽  
Alumina Composites

In this investigation, composite materials made from high-density polyethylene (HDPE) and alumina, as well as from HDPE, alumina, and glass fibers, were prepared, aiming to improve the thermal stability, stiffness, and mechanical strength. The combined effects of alumina and glass fibers and the individual effects of alumina were studied. Alumina concentrations ranged from 5 wt% to 10 wt% and glass fiber concentrations ranged from 10 wt% to 30 wt%. For the hybrid composite materials, alumina concentration was maintained constant as the glass fiber concentration increased. The composites were processed with a double-screw extruder. Their properties were evaluated through a multi-analytical approach. Results pointed to a significant increase of the elastic modulus for the hybrid composite (up to 501% in comparison to the neat polymer), at the cost of a large decrease in toughness, alongside a decline in impact resistance. Elastic modulus improvement was observed in both hybrid and HDPE-alumina composites, being higher for the hybrid composites due to the addition of glass fibers. HDPE-alumina composites presented a decrease in mechanical strength, whereas the hybrid composites showed an increase of this parameter. Concerning thermal properties, the hybrid composites presented higher thermal stability than that of the HDPE-alumina composites and a similar degradation temperature as the neat polymer. Micrographs pointed to weak adhesion between alumina particles and the polymeric matrix as well as a slight degree of fiber detachment. Overall, the hybrid composites presented considerably higher stiffness and mechanical strength than the neat polymer and HDPE-alumina composite (19–26% increase), with no significant change in thermal stability.

Effects of PMDI Treatments on Thermal Properties of Silvergrass Reinforced High Density Polyethylene Composites

2013 ◽  
Vol 423-426 ◽  
pp. 84-88
Author(s):  
Dong Xue ◽  
Wang Wang Yu ◽  
Qin Liu ◽  
Lu Jing ◽  
Xue Jing Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Stability ◽  
Thermal Properties ◽  
High Density Polyethylene ◽  
Nucleating Agent ◽  
High Density ◽  
Wood Plastic Composites ◽  
Plastic Composites ◽  
Methylene Diphenyl Diisocyanate ◽  
Thermal Stability Of ◽  
Polyethylene Composites

In this study, silvergrass (SV) reinforced high density polyethylene (HDPE) composites were prepared. The effects of polymeric methylene diphenyl diisocyanate (PMDI), slivergrass fibers (SV) content on the thermal, crystalline properties of wood plastic composites (WPCs) were investigated. It was found that Compared with the untreated WPCs, the thermal stability of the composites after incorporation of PMDI treated SV fibers was significantly improved. Moreover, the results show that with PMDI treated composites, SV was an effective heterogeneous nucleating agent.

scholarly journals Biodegradable Blends of Thermoplastic Waxy Starch and Poly(ε-caprolactone) Obtained by High Shear Extrusion: Rheological, Mechanical, Morphological and Thermal Properties

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anderson F. Manoel ◽  
Pedro Claro ◽  
Luiz H. C. Mattoso ◽  
Jose M. Marconcini ◽  
Gerson L. Mantovani
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Thermal Stability ◽  
Thermal Analysis ◽  
Thermal Properties ◽  
Polymer Blends ◽  
High Shear ◽  
Biodegradable Material ◽  
Waxy Starch ◽  
Thermal Stability Of ◽  
Biodegradable Blends

Abstract The aim of this work was to develop polymer blends of plasticized thermoplastic waxy starch (TPS) and poly(ɛ-caprolactone) (PCL) using the largest amount of TPS possible to obtain a biodegradable material motivated by sustainability issues and to replace petrochemical-based polymers with alternatives based on biopolymers. Addition of TPS to other polymers has been used to obtain cheaper and increasingly biodegradable final products. However, TPS presents limited mechanical properties, and mixing with other polymers such as PCL is necessary to overcome these limitations and improve its processability. TPS was processed by extrusion and thermo-compression using 30 wt% glycerol. The blends were suitably processed by extrusion and further injected. The TPS/PCL blends were studied by varying the amount of PCL in a range of 10 wt% in increasing order of addition. Thermal analysis showed that introducing PCL in TPS increased Tonset because of the higher thermal stability of the former, and that the obtained blends presented a behavior intermediate to that of neat polymers.

scholarly journals Preparation of poly(MPAEMA)/halloysite Nanocomposites and Investigation of Antiproliferative Activity

2021 ◽  
Vol 65 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nevin Çankaya ◽  
Serap Yalçın ◽  
Nevin Turan
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Stability ◽  
Thermal Analysis ◽  
Thermal Properties ◽  
Cytotoxic Effect ◽  
In Situ Polymerization ◽  
Clay Content ◽  
Xtt Assay ◽  
Research Areas ◽  
Thermal Stability Of

Abstract. In this present work, the synthesis, characterization, and thermal properties of poly(2-(4-methoxyphenylamino)-2-oxoethyl methacrylate) (MPAEMA) polymer/clay-based nanocomposites were investigated by in-situ polymerization. At the characterizations of nanomaterials FTIR, XRD, SEM, and TGA techniques were used. It was determined from XRD and SEM measurements that the morphology of nanocomposites was exfoliated when the clay content in the polymer matrix was kept at 3% and 5%. From thermal analysis, a positive correlation was observed between the clay ratio and thermal stability of nanomaterials. Also, the cytotoxic effect of halloysite and its nanocomposites was investigated using XTT assay on HeLa cells. According to the results, nanocomposites showed a non-cytotoxic response and thus they may use safety in many research areas such as medicine, agriculture, cosmetics.   Resumen. En este trabajo, se reporta la síntesis, caracterización y propiedades térmicas de nanocompuestos de polímero / arcilla poli(2-(4-metoxifenilamino)-2-oxoetil metacrilato) (MPAEMA), obtenidos mediante polimerización in situ. Para caracterizar los nanomateriales se utilizaron las siguientes técnicas: FTIR, XRD, SEM y TGA. A partir de las mediciones de XRD y SEM se determinó que la morfología de los nanocompuestos muestra exfoliación, cuando el contenido de arcilla en la matriz de polímero se mantiene en 3% y 5%. Estudios mediante análisis térmico muestran una correlación positiva entre la relación de arcilla y la estabilidad térmica de los nanomateriales. También se investigó el efecto citotóxico de la halloysita y sus nanocompuestos utilizando el ensayo XTT en células HeLa. Los resultados muestran que los nanocompuestos tienen una respuesta no citotóxica y, por lo tanto, pueden utilizarse con seguridad en muchas áreas de investigación en disciplinas como la medicina, la agricultura y la cosmética.

Study of thermal stability of n-type skutterudites Sr0.07Ba0.07Yb0.07Co4Sb12 by differential thermal analysis and Knudsen effusion method

Calphad ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 73 ◽  
pp. 102258
Author(s):  
František Zelenka ◽  
Jakub Strádal ◽  
Pavel Brož ◽  
Jan Vřešťál ◽  
Jiří Buršík ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Stability ◽  
Thermal Analysis ◽  
Differential Thermal Analysis ◽  
Knudsen Effusion ◽  
Knudsen Effusion Method ◽  
Effusion Method ◽  
Thermal Stability Of
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