scholarly journals Land use and protection: legal regulation and foreign experience

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (33) ◽  
pp. 70-81
Author(s):  
Yevhen Leheza ◽  
Svitlana Tiutchenko ◽  
Olha Stanina ◽  
Serhii Shatrava ◽  
Serhii Rezanov
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Technical Assistance ◽  
Ecosystem Approach ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
Land Resource ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Global Trends ◽  
State Administration ◽  
The World

The purpose of the research is to analyze land use and protection global trends in the activities of state bodies. Main content. The global trends of state administration of land use and protection were investigated. It was revealed that the use of the land resource potential in the countries of the world is carried out taking into account the environmental safety requirements provided for in the strategic documents of the land sphere. Taking into account the European integration intentions of Ukraine, tools were proposed for the development of rural areas based on the ecosystem approach. Methodology: Materials and methods research based on the analysis of documentary sources. The basis is the dialectical method of cognition of the facts of social reality, on which the formal legal and comparative legal approaches are largely based. Conclusions. The EU and the world countries experience gives reasons to assert that the priority task of state administration of land use and protection (land administration) is an ecosystem approach to the conservation and reproduction of land and other natural resources, which is implemented by maintaining a joint agricultural policy, creating funds to support farmers, providing technical assistance, developing national, targeted programs and long-term development plans. For the European Union countries, the development of strategic documents for the development of the land sector for 5-10 years is a general trend.

scholarly journals The multifunctionality of urban horticulture and its integration with the city ecosystem: a brief review of concepts and the case of São Luís

2019 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 252-259
Author(s):  
João Flávio B Gomes ◽  
Renata SB Gomes ◽  
Alex O Souza
Keyword(s):  
Urban Agriculture ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Technical Assistance ◽  
Public Support ◽  
Urban Ecosystem ◽  
The World ◽  
Belo Horizonte ◽  
Almost All ◽  
The City

ABSTRACT Urban agriculture is currently carried out all over the world. The activity is characterized by its multifunctionality, contributing to food security, preservation of biodiversity, better use of urban spaces, and proper management of soil and water, in addition to contributing to increasing income and improving the quality of life of farmers who live in the cities. In the 1980s and 1990s, urban agriculture gained momentum on the international scene and, from 2005, in Brazil. Some successful experiences in the world (Detroit, Havana, and St. Petersburg) and in Brazil (Teresina, Sao Paulo, and Belo Horizonte) are briefly reported here. Then, we describe in more detail the case of the city of São Luís. The municipality is situated on an island and its rural spaces have characteristics of peri-urban areas. Agricultural production has low expression in municipal GDP (Gross Development Product). The main products are papaya, cassava, beans, bananas, coconut, and passion fruit and, among the vegetables, roselle, chives, coriander, and West Indian gherkin, traditional regional species of Maranhão cuisine. The activity has two primary groups of actors: producers and intermediaries, with 83 and 41% of them, respectively, living in rural areas. Almost all producers (92%) use their area, 79% use some sustainable fertilization practice, and 69% do not use pesticides. Production areas are small and producers need technical assistance. Transport and poor road conditions are the main challenges to bring products to the markets. The reality that came out from our study indicates the lack of public support to urban farmers in São Luís. On the contrary, successful experiences of urban agriculture have in common the convergence of public policies of urban planning, agriculture and supply, education, and health. Urban agriculture is dynamic and must be integrated into the urban ecosystem to make it possible to unveiling new perspectives on the countryside-city relationship.

ON THE ADAPTATION OF UKRAINIAN LEGISLATION IN THE FIELD OF ATMOSPHERIC AIR PROTECTION TO THE LAW OF THE EUROPEAN UNION

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Viktoriia Bredikhina ◽  
◽  
Yuliya Ignatyuk ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Legal Protection ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
International Standards ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Adaptation To Climate Change ◽  
Atmospheric Air ◽  
Best Available Technologies ◽  
Eu Legislation ◽  
The World ◽  
The Eu

Atmospheric air is one of the main vital elements of the environment. The constant growth of the negative anthropogenic impact on it leads to a deterioration in the ecological state of the environment, an increase in morbidity and an increase in the risk of mortality among the population. This article explores the basic principles of legal protection of atmospheric air, on which EU legislation is based. In particular, ‒ is taking into account influences, practical reach, the principle of universality, uncertainty of requirements for specific technologies, the principle of the best available technologies, as well as the principle of "pollutant pays". The authors also analyzed the standards and standards of air quality of the EU, proposed ways to solve the problem of improving national legislation in this area, bringing it in line with international standards. The experience of some European countries proves the need and importance of implementing effective standards of air pollution, since ignoring such normalization can lead to detrimental consequences not only in Ukraine but also around the world. The article states that the regulatory and legal regulation of this sphere in the EU is effective and in a sense exemplary, because with the help of various legal instruments effective air protection is carried out, adaptation to climate change, which makes it possible to properly ensure environmental safety of the population not only in Europe, but also around the world. Ukraine, by adopting relevant regulations at the present stage of the development of legal regulation, takes generally successful steps in the field of approximation of its environmental legislation to EU legislation. However, this process is still gaining momentum and does not exclude problems, contradictions that can inhibit this approximation.

scholarly journals Smart and Climate-Smart Agricultural Trends as Core Aspects of Smart Village Functions

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (21) ◽  
pp. 5977
Author(s):  
Adegbite Adesipo ◽  
Oluwaseun Fadeyi ◽  
Kamil Kuca ◽  
Ondrej Krejcar ◽  
Petra Maresova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Agricultural Development ◽  
Urban Migration ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Self Sufficiency ◽  
The World ◽  
Smart Agriculture ◽  
Agricultural Trends ◽  
Effective Development ◽  
Rural Dwellers

Attention has shifted to the development of villages in Europe and other parts of the world with the goal of combating rural–urban migration, and moving toward self-sufficiency in rural areas. This situation has birthed the smart village idea. Smart village initiatives such as those of the European Union is motivating global efforts aimed at improving the live and livelihood of rural dwellers. These initiatives are focused on improving agricultural productivity, among other things, since most of the food we eat are grown in rural areas around the world. Nevertheless, a major challenge faced by proponents of the smart village concept is how to provide a framework for the development of the term, so that this development is tailored towards sustainability. The current work examines the level of progress of climate smart agriculture, and tries to borrow from its ideals, to develop a framework for smart village development. Given the advances in technology, agricultural development that encompasses reduction of farming losses, optimization of agricultural processes for increased yield, as well as prevention, monitoring, and early detection of plant and animal diseases, has now embraced varieties of smart sensor technologies. The implication is that the studies and results generated around the concept of climate smart agriculture can be adopted in planning of villages, and transforming them into smart villages. Hence, we argue that for effective development of the smart village framework, smart agricultural techniques must be prioritized, viz-a-viz other developmental practicalities.

scholarly journals ФРАНШИЗА ЯК ЕФЕКТИВНИЙ ІНСТРУМЕНТ ВЕДЕННЯ ГОТЕЛЬНО-РЕСТОРАННОГО БІЗНЕСУ

2020 ◽  
Vol 139 (5) ◽  
pp. 93-104
Author(s):  
Наталія Валеріївна Кулак ◽  
Любов Вікторівна Мурована
Keyword(s):  
Legal Regulation ◽  
Restaurant Industry ◽  
Global Trends ◽  
Slowing Down ◽  
Process Implementation ◽  
Study Results ◽  
The World ◽  
Global Tourism ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Definition Of

The article explores the global trends in the development of tourism and hotel and restaurant business, provides insights to the basic franchising concept and offers a definition of the term franchising in the hotel and restaurant business. A statistical analysis of profitability indicators of the global tourism market has been performed. The results of the world and domestic hotel and restaurant industry survey have validated positive prospects for the implementation of franchising in the hotel and restaurant business in Ukraine. The research findings demonstrate qualitative and quantitative profitability indicators for the franchising companies operating in the global developed markets, in particular, the franchising networks performances in the hotel and restaurant sectors in Europe and the US have been investigated. The world top franchise business leaders have been identified. The study results have verified a strong correlation between high profitability in the hotel and restaurant industry and the number of franchisors engaged in this sector. An overview of the specifics of franchising relations legal regulation across countries is provided along with revealing the major challenges in the national legislation domain as to the basic terminology of legal regulation of franchising as a whole. A special emphasis is placed on mutual benefits the franchise system provides for a franchisor and a franchisee. The reasons behind the slowing down of the franchising process implementation practices in the domestic hotel and restaurant business settings are revealed.

scholarly journals Establishment and development of legal regulation of turnover of virtual assets

2021 ◽  
pp. 179-186
Author(s):  
V. NOVYTSKYI ◽  
V. FYTSA
Keyword(s):  
Legal Regulation ◽  
Global Trends ◽  
Historical Aspects ◽  
The World ◽  
Legislative Support ◽  
Further Development

Problematic issues of functioning and further development of the market of virtual assets in Ukraine are outlined. Historical aspects of legal regulation of cryptocurrency circulation both in Ukraine and abroad are researched. The principles of development of the market of virtual assets in Ukraine are determined. Globally threatening trends in the use of virtual assets and cryptocurrencies have been identified. Legislative initiatives of some countries in the world to create national digital currencies are detailed. The threats and risks of using cryptocurrencies worldwide have been specified. The global trends in the development and use of virtual assets, in particular cryptocurrencies are outlined. The directions of the improvements of the legislative support for the circulation of virtual assets in Ukraine have been identified.

scholarly journals The priority development of rural (agrarian) tourism in the Krasnodar region

2019 ◽  
Vol 91 ◽  
pp. 06010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irina Potashova ◽  
Dmitrij Girijchuk
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Tourism Development ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
Rural Tourism ◽  
Global Trends ◽  
Modern Development ◽  
Krasnodar Region ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Regional Authorities ◽  
Agricultural Regions

The features of modern development of the rural (agrarian) tourism are discussed in the article in terms of global trends and regional peculiarities of the Krasnodar region. The issues of the tourism development nature and content in rural areas are analyzed, factors stimulating demand for rural (agrarian) tourism are highlighted, and approaches to the definition of rural tourism by Russian scientists are considered. The normative and legal regulation study of the rural (agrarian) tourism development by the regional authorities was carried out. The priority development advantages of the rural (agrarian) tourism for the agricultural regions of the region flat part were identified and justified on the example of the Krasnodar region.

scholarly journals Connections between land usage, property structure and agricultural enterprises in Hungary

2006 ◽  
pp. 31-34
Author(s):  
Dóra Nagyné Demeter
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Internal Market ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Agricultural Enterprises ◽  
Land Usage ◽  
The Future ◽  
Organisation Structure

The last decade of Hungarian agriculture was marked and changes which affected all parts of agricultural production. This process resulted in a new ownership and organisation structure. The paper presents the effects of the changes in ownership on land use and the various enterprise forms and intends to outline the main tendencies. In general, it can be stated that the role of agriculture in GDP production and employment is decreasing in Hungary, but according to concurrent opinions of experts, agriculture still has and will have a major role in income production and the ease of social tensions in rural areas in the future as well. Hungary’s accession to the European Union provides new chances and new prospects for Hungarian agriculture and rural areas. Hungarian agriculture became a part of the internal market which includes about 450 million people. The safety of marketing became stronger, the rate of financial support is increasing and the income of growers will increase in the future. This process implies more obligations and the keeping of strict regulations. Competition inside the internal market is intensifying, competitiveness will be more important while the chances of development and investment of the growers and the feasibility of more effective land use are increasing. After the accession, integration into the directives formulated in the CAP and the packages of measures accepted in it is framework have growing importance.These directives encourage farm-reallocation, namely the rational estate concentration. In general, it can be stated that rational estate concentration, and more effective land use as a consequence, will increase the efficiency of agricultural production.

scholarly journals Aktualne kierunki zmian we wspólnej polityce rolnej Unii Europejskiej

2018 ◽  
Vol 18(33) (1) ◽  
pp. 7-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mieczysław Adamowicz
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Policy ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Common Agricultural Policy ◽  
Community Support ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Internal Markets ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
The World ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Common

The aim of the work is presenting the evolution of the Common Agricultural Policy, mainly the changes which occurred in this policy during the last decade, as well as the forms and size of support of agriculture and rural areas. The study was prepared with the use of OECD rapport, mainly the rapport on monitoring and evolution the Common Agricultural Policy 2015, and the subject matter literature. Three groups of factors influencing the Common Agricultural Policy changes were distinguished. There are: factors influencing the state of agriculture in member countries; factors influencing relations of the European Union with the world economy and factor linked with the world financial crisis. The changes occurred in both pillars of the CAP were presented, in Pillar I related to the price and market spheres and in that related to direct payments, and in Pillar II, which cover complex of instruments influencing agriculture and rural areas. The special and specific payments were also described. Among instruments supporting agriculture special attentions was given to instruments of internal markets, instruments influencing services and foreign trade regulations. One of the main conclusions is statement that periodical changes of aims and instruments of the CAP did not destroy the background of the policy and the necessity of the community support for agriculture.

scholarly journals Ecosystem Approach in Dealing with Invasive Alien Species: International, European and Ukrainian Experience of Legal Regulation

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 79-93
Author(s):  
Yevhenii Suietnov ◽  
Elbis Tulina
Keyword(s):  
Alien Species ◽  
Biological Diversity ◽  
Invasive Alien Species ◽  
Environmental Law ◽  
Ecosystem Approach ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
Habitat Destruction ◽  
Convention On Biological Diversity ◽  
Positive Trend ◽  
The European Union

This article is devoted to highlighting the international, European and Ukrainian experience encompassing legal regulation dealing with the invasive alien species that represent the second largest threat to global biodiversity, right after habitat destruction. It has been proved that, at the international level, primarily within the framework of the Convention on Biological Diversity, the ecosystem approach is recognized as the basis in dealing with such species. It is also gradually being reflected in the regulatory framework of the European Union. The provisions of the EU on nature protection and the relevant regulations of the European Commission define invasive species, which are prohibited from activities that may contribute to their dissemination in the environment. In the Ukrainian environmental law, a positive trend towards the recognition of the ecosystem approach in dealing with invasive alien species is observed primarily among national strategic documents, while in current national environmental legislation, these issues are regulated fragmentarily and inconsistently, which indicates the need for its early reform.

scholarly journals The League of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies (LRCS)

1985 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 209-209
Author(s):  
Andrei K. Kisselev
Keyword(s):  
United Nations ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Technical Assistance ◽  
Disaster Relief ◽  
International Committee ◽  
World Health ◽  
Red Cross ◽  
Voluntary Service ◽  
The World ◽  
The United Nations

The “International Red Cross” is composed of: (1) The International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC) which focuses on war victims; (2) the LRCS; and (3) the 130 National Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies worldwide which are federated by the LRCS. The LRCS was founded to facilitate, encourage and promote the humanitarian activities of its member societies and thus contribute to the promotion of peace in the world. The LRCS considers health as one of the keys to a better world for everyone. Red Cross programs include the training of nursing personnel, the provision of health care in rural areas, the organization of assistance to the sick, aged, and handicapped, and teaching first aid skills to lay people.The Red Cross bases its actions on seven principles: (1) Humanity; (2) Impartiality; (3) Neutrality; (4) Independence; (5) Voluntary Service; (6) Unity; and (7) Universality.The LRCS assists national societies in improving their disaster relief preparedness through the following functions: (1) to encourage, facilitate and assist in the establishment of a national disaster relief plan; (2) to give technical assistance to national Red Cross societies by sending delegates and equipment and/or by giving cash grants; (3) to convene seminars and conferences to help exchange opinions and share experiences; (4) to train qualified personnel; and (5) to maintain contact with other international governmental and non-governmental organizations. These include the United Nations Disaster Relief Organization (UNDRO); the World Health Organization (WHO); the International Children's Fund (UNICEF); the World Meteorological Organization (WMO); the Food and Agricultural Organization/World Food Program (FAO/WFP); the UN High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHR); and the United Nations Education Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO).

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