scholarly journals ZAŠTO JE ANDRIĆ UBIO VUKA? (NARATIVNA EMPATIJA U PRIPOVECI „ASKA I VUK” IVE ANDRIĆA)

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (49) ◽  
pp. 235-265
Author(s):  
Mirjana Bečejski

There are two main objectives of this paper. The first one, more general and partly liter- ary-theoretical, is to show, within the author’s wider study of narrative empathy and using Andrić’s short story “Aska and the Wolf ” as an example, that what is important for this concept is not whether it deals with documentary or fictional stories, but whether the author has and by which means convinced us of the life truthfulness they convey, that is, whether the aesthetic form and the represented experience of his characters have and to what extent activated neuro- logical regions of the readers responsible for empathy. A methodological approach to “the text as world” is equally applicable to both fictional and documentary narration since the worlds are essentially imaginary in both cases. Reality represents a framework for understanding textual universes; likewise the world of fiction can be a telescope for understanding reality. The second objective of this paper is linked to this: to finally ask the question why the shepherds, i.e. why Andrić had to kill the wolf. The destiny of the wolf – not only in this sto- ry-parable where narrative empathy is an excuse for the cruel hand of justice – becomes para- digmatic for one view of the world in which there is no forgiveness and redemption for a mur- derer. If the writer had allowed art to win over the evil in the wolf, if he had left the wolf alive, the short story would have definitely become multilayered, but it would have betrayed that view of the world and the empathic-altruistic expectations of the victim. But would it betray a “naive reader”, who it is meant for? Our answer is that it would not since it turned out that that youngest reader is not as naive as it might seem at first sight and that narrative empathy represents above all and before all a reader’s response to the cry for humanity.

2014 ◽  
Vol 584-586 ◽  
pp. 650-653 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bian Ling Zhang

Chinese garden art has developed gradually along with the neutralization--lasting appeal--artistic conception trend till to the peak, meanwhile, those aesthetic forms can be existed synchronously with historical advancement, logic arrangement in parallel and correspondence as well as abundance and deepening of the interior connotation and exterior extension, which represent the high uniformity of the development history and logics of Chinese garden art. Nowadays, the landscape garden development is required to probe its root, explore its cultural soul, so as to base itself upon the garden industry all over the world. Additionally, the function of traditional aesthetic form will show the powerful functions, declare publicly the deep influence of modernized landscape garden development.


Author(s):  
Larysa Khorolets

The purpose of the article is diagnostics of Lesya Ukrainka’s dramatic works realization prospects in conditions of performing arts visualization as a consistent trend of the national stage development. The study involves analyzing the adequacy of modern means of expressiveness to the peculiarities of the poetess’ dramaturgy. The research methodology is determined by observational, analytical as well as historical, and logical analysis of the realization prospects of Lesya Ukrainka’s dramatic poems on the Ukrainian stage in the context of the exceptional specific weight of a word for understanding the poetic and philosophical content of the poetess’ works. The indicated methodological approach allows analyzing the reasons why some performances already realized are of enormous artistic value (notably, by “Stone Master” (“Kaminny Hospodar”) as well as outlining the prospects of some contemporary theatrical models in this sense. The novelty of the research lies in expanding the conceptions about the relevance of correlation of cardinally “re-equipped” arsenal of the XX1century scenic space multimedia technologies and the system of means of expressiveness of Lesya Ukrainka’s dramas in the context of conveying the content of these works to the audience, as well as in raising the issue of a more careful approach of modern direction to the ways of conveying and revealing the word of the creator relative to the dramatic works of Lesya Ukrainka as an exceptional phenomenon in the world dramaturgy. Conclusion. Lesya Ukrainka’s dramaturgy is in tune with the present time and corresponds to the aesthetic and civil tasks facing our art today. The Ukrainian theater is in urgent need of this dramaturgy. The poetess’s dramaturgy requires a modern but specific philosophic and poetic theater. To make it sound appropriate, it is necessary to be inspired by the Ukrainian art showing piety towards Lesya’s word and having a desire not just to act but to act namely Lesya Ukrainka, and to find the truth about life in her writing. For her plays it is very important to avoid pomposity which is typical of stage directors fascinated by visualization: there should not be any divertissements, any ball scenes except for those which are required by the unraveling of the plot.


2020 ◽  
pp. 324-342
Author(s):  
Денис Владимирович Макаров

Основная цель исследования - изучить образ преподобного Варнавы Гефсиманского в творчестве Ивана Сергеевича Шмелёва, а также показать значение в судьбе писателя личного общения со старцем Варнавой. В работе применяется сравнительно-исторический метод и метод филологического анализа. Для достижения указанной цели анализируется биография писателя, художественные произведения И.С. Шмелёва, в которых встречается образ преподобного Варнавы Гефсиманского, в частности романы «История любовная», «Лето Господне», «Пути Небесные», повесть «Богомолье», очерк «У старца Варнавы» и другие. Наиболее важные результаты исследования: И. С. Шмелёв создаёт образы праведников, опираясь на эстетическую традицию православия изображать святых и праведников в сиянии света. Немаловажным эстетическим приёмом является изображение человека глазами ребенка, стоящего на границе «ангельского» возраста, который, глядя на людей, воспринимает в силу своей духовной чистоты не столько их внешний облик, сколько состояние души: светлое или тёмное. При этом светоносность выстраивается в художественной системе И. С. Шмелёва в чёткую иерархию, которая основана на святоотеческой православной иерархии, выраженной словами преподобного Иоанна Лествичника: «Свет монахам - ангелы, а свет для всех мирских - монахи и монашеское житие», что наглядно показывает глубокую укорененность эстетического мышления писателя в православной культурной традиции. The main goal of the study is to evaluate the image of the Monk Barnabas of Gethsemane in the work of Ivan Sergeyevich Shmelev, as well as the significance of the writer’s personal relationship with elder Barnabas. The work uses the comparative historical method and the method of philological analysis. To achieve this goal, an analysis is made of the biography and works of I. S. Shmelyov, in which the image of the Monk Barnabas of Gethsemane is found, in particular, in the novels The Story of a Love, The Summer of the Lord, The Heavenly Ways, The Pilgrimage (Bogomoliye), the short story A Visit to Elder Barnabas, and others. The most important results of the study show that I. S. Shmelev creates images of the righteous, relying on the aesthetic tradition of Orthodoxy- he depicts saints and the righteous in a radiant and favourable light. An important aesthetic device is the image of a person through the eyes of a child, soon to cross the “angelic” age, who (due to his spiritual purity), looking at people, perceives not only their appearance, but their state of mind: light or dark. At the same time, luminosity is built in the artistic system of I. S. Shmelyov in a clear hierarchy, which is based on the patristic Orthodox hierarchy, expressed by the words of St. John Climacus: «Angel are an example for monks and monks and monastic life are a light to to all in the world», which clearly show the deep-rooted aesthetic thinking of the writer in the Orthodox cultural tradition.


2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 211-214
Author(s):  
Paul March-Russell

Abstract Taking as a touchstone A. L. Kennedy's observation about the disproportionate impact of the short story compared to its size, this article explores the extent to which David Von Ancken's adaptation of Tobias Wolff's text finds, via montage and perspective, a cinematic analogue to the aesthetic form of the short story.


2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (41) ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristiano Perius

Este ensaio analisa a relação entre arte e conhecimento a partir da obra poética de Francis Ponge. O teor cognitivo está na iniciativa de edificação de uma mathesis singularis a partir do contato com os objetos em sua apreensão direta. A emoção poética, como fato original e causa do poema, é conduzida à descrição do objeto até a forma de uma lei estética apta à configuração objetiva do mundo. A forma estética visa a adequação entre as palavras e as coisas a partir de um recuso semiótico da linguagem, a saber, a onomatopéia. No interior do projeto cognitivo e intencional de Francis Ponge, a onomatopéia é o recurso que define o objeto, seguido por uma descrição fiel aos objetos em sua manifestação concreta. À luz da experiência poética de Francis Ponge, que correlaciona explicitamente a relação entre arte e conhecimento, estão abertas as possibilidades de pensar o conhecimento estético a partir de outras artes e artistas, como a pintura de Cézanne, entre outros. AbstractThis essay analyzes the relationship between art and knowledge from the poetry of Francis Ponge. The cognitive content is in the initiative of building a mathesis singularis from the contact with the objects in its direct apprehension. Poetic emotion, as the original fact and cause of the poem, is led to the description of the object into the form of an aesthetic law apt to the objective configuration of the world. The aesthetic form aims at matching words and things through a semiotic refusal of language, namely onomatopoeia. Within Francis Ponge's cognitive and intentional project, onomatopoeia is the defining feature of the object, followed by a faithful description of the objects in their concrete manifestation. In the light of Francis Ponge's poetic experience, which explicitly correlates the relationship between art and knowledge, the possibilities of thinking aesthetic knowledge from other arts and artists, such as Cezanne's painting, among others, are open.


Author(s):  
Р.Я. Фидарова ◽  
И.А. Кайтова

Суть методологического подхода Коста Хетагурова к проблемам культурноисторического развития осетинского народа в том, что он рассматривал общественное бытие и общественное сознание осетин как взаимосвязанные и взаимообусловленные феномены, составляющие единое целое, целостную систему, формирующую фундаментальную основу реалистического типа мышления, преследующего цель в удивительно жизненных, созидаемых им образах, глубоко и основательно раскрыть эстетическую специфику философского, духовнонравственного, культурноисторического освоения горцами объективного мира, мира их национальной действительности. Теоретическим инструментарием при этом для Коста является метод восхождения от абстрактного, включающего в данном случае в себя такие компоненты духовной культуры, как национальный менталитет, обычаи, обряды, традиции, Агъдау как нравственный кодекс жизни горцев, к конкретному, т.е. к судьбе и характеру отдельного человека, члена горского общества носителя его родовых качеств и родимых пятен . Кроме того, в состав теоретического инструментария Коста, при формировании им реалистического типа художественного мышления, включаются и принцип объективности, позволяющий ему анализировать противоречивый характер как действительности, так и характер отдельного человека принцип развития, помогающий Коста учитывать диалектический характер горского бытия принцип преемственности, давший возможность поэту глубоко осмыслить органические связи прошлого и настоящего. Ну а системноисторический подход помогал Коста выявить наиболее существенные, постоянные, т.е. константные связи явлений в общественной жизни и общественном сознании, тогда как детерминизм давал возможность обнажать их объективную зависимость от социальноисторических и природногеографических факторов. Столь богатый теоретический инструментарий помогал Коста глубоко и основательно осмысливать метафизические проблемы жизни горского общества. И это явилось основой формирования его реалистического типа мышления, способного дать удивительно органичный, объективноконцептуальный, художественноэстетический анализ критического состояния мира . А из данного анализа логически следовал убедительный вывод, призывающий народ к беспощадной борьбе за свободу, равенство и братство людей, а именно: мир враждебен человеку, губит его физически и развращает нравственно. И, следовательно, в данных социальноисторических обстоятельствах человек обречен на гибель, если не станет на защиту своей жизни и свободы. При решении столь сложной художественноэстетической задачи Коста умело использовал осетинскую мифологию как важнейший компонент структуры реалистического типа мышления, основы которого он же и заложил в формирующейся осетинской литературе. The essence of Khetagurovs methodological approach to the problems of cultural and historical development of the Ossetian people is that he considered the social existence and social consciousness of Ossetians as interrelated and interdependent phenomena making up a single whole, an integral system that forms the fundamental basis of a realistic type of thinking, pursuing the goal in a surprisingly vital, created by them images, deeply and thoroughly reveal the aesthetic specificity of the philosophical, spiritual, moral, cultural and historical development of the highlanders of the objective world, the world of their national reality. The theoretical tools for Kosta is the method of ascent from the abstract, which in this case includes such components of spiritual culture as the national mentality, customs, rituals, traditions, Agdau as a moral code of life of the highlanders to the specific, i.e. to the fate and character of the individual, a member of the mountain society the carrier of his generic qualities and birthmarks. In addition, the theoretical tools of Kosta, when forming a realistic type of artistic thinking, include the principle of objectivity, allowing him to analyze the contradictory nature of both reality and the nature of the individual the principle of development, which helps Kosta to take into account the dialectical nature of mountain life the principle of continuity, which gave the poet a deep understanding of the organic connections of the past and the present. But the systemhistorical approach helped Kosta to identify the most significant, permanent, i.e. constant connections of phenomena in public life and public consciousness, while determinism made it possible to expose their objective dependence on sociohistorical and naturalgeographical factors. Such a wealth of theoretical tools helped Kosta to think deeply and thoroughly about the metaphysical problems of mountain society. And this was the basis for the formation of his realistic type of thinking that can give a surprisingly organic, objectively conceptual, artistic and aesthetic analysis of the critical state of the world. And from this analysis logically followed a convincing conclusion, calling people to ruthless struggle for freedom, equality and brotherhood of people, namely: the world is hostile to man, destroys it physically and corrupts morally. And, therefore, in these sociohistorical circumstances, a person is doomed to death if he does not protect his life and freedom. In solving such a complex artistic and aesthetic problem Kosta skillfully used Ossetian mythology as an important component of the structure of the realistic type of thinking, the foundations of which he laid in the emerging Ossetian literature.


Author(s):  
Stefania Mosiuk ◽  
Igor Mosiuk ◽  
Vladimir Mosiuk

The purpose of the article is to analyze and substantiate the development of tourism business in Ukraine as a priority component of the national economy. The methodology of this study is to use analytical, spatial, geographical, cultural and other methods. This methodological approach provided an opportunity to carry out a complete analysis of the state of the tourism industry of the state and to draw some conclusions.The scientific novelty lies in the coverage of the real and potential resource potential for the development of the recreational and tourism sphere in Ukraine, detailing the measures for the country ‘s entry into the world tourist market. Conclusions. Analyzing the state and prospects of tourism business development in Ukraine, it should be noted that this industry is one of the priority areas for improving the economy of the country. Historical, cultural – ethnographic, gastronomic, sanatorium and resort potentials of the country will lead the country into world leaders of the tourism industry when creating favorable conditions for investment and proper marketing.


Author(s):  
Nina Bosak

The demonolexis in Yu. Andrukhovych’s long short story “Recreatsii” (“Recreations”) has been analyzed in the article. In the course of the research there have been outlined the following lexical-semantic groups of demonomens: toponymic and onomastic names, modified lexemes, names of the rituals, genuine Ukrainian demonomens, obscene words and expressions, demonomens of Biblical origin, names from the world mythology and general demonolexis. The special lexical-semantic group has been formed by non personificated demonomens, which serve to convey the peculiarities of the contemporary Ukrainian writers’ mentality, their habits through speech. Such nomens help to reveal the protagonist’s soul, show the positive and negative sides of his personal ego, demonstrate the duality of the human perception of the world, indicate the causes of phobias, emotions, sensations. Key words: demonolexis, demonomen, lexical-semantic group, non personificated demonomen.


Imbizo ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Danson Sylvester Kahyana

The article examines how selected works in Uganda’s first anthology of prison-authored work, As I Stood Dead before the World: Creative Writing from Luzira Prison (2018), handle one of the issues of paramount importance to inmates and their families: the possibility that convictions in courts of law are not foolproof since judicial officers are human beings and therefore susceptible to error. Drawing from four examples: two poems (Jackson O’s “Letter to Aber” and Sebuuma Gadafi’s “Twenty-Years”), one short story (Rachael Pearl Orishaba’s “A Secret”), and one short play (Jennifer Janette’s “What If It Wasn’t Kato?”), I show how different inmates imagine situations where judicial officers (prosecutors and magistrates/judges) make errors of judgement that see innocent people convicted of crimes they did not commit. The article closely reads the four selected pieces with the objective of investigating how creative writers can help judicial officers realise how important it is to turn every proverbial stone before a conviction is made.


ARTic ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 121-134
Author(s):  
Apsari Dj Hasan

This study aims to examine the decorative types of Gorontalo karawo fabrics in aesthetic and symbolic elements. Researchers want to know as made in the research design, aspects that are present in the decoration of fabrics in aesthetic and symbolic elements. This study uses a number of related theories to get results, and as a determinant, the authors use aesthetic theory, as well as historical approaches. With this theoretical basis, the author seeks to describe the aesthetic aspects and symbolic meanings that exist in Gorontalo karawo fabric. Through the data collection of the chosen motif and provide a classification of motives, the part is used as a reference for research material. The results showed that Gorontalo filigree had an aesthetic value consisting of unity formed from the overall decorative motifs displayed, complexity formed by complexity in the manufacturing process, and intensity of seriousness in the manufacturing process or the impression displayed on the filigree motif. The aesthetic form also reflects the diversity of meanings for communication, such as the symbol of a leader with his noble instincts, a symbol of cultural cooperation, which is worth maintaining, and ideas about nature conservation. This research proves that the decoration in Gorontalo filigree cloth (karawo) does not only act as a visual value, but also as a communication of cultural meanings and social status. Of all these distinctive motifs show a relationship between humans and humans and humans with nature. The influence of culture from the Philippines is also known to have a strong influence on the emergence of the Gorontalo filigree namely manila filigree.


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