Pepmato, Tomepper, and the Visualization of Graft Incompatibility

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hannah Thomas
Keyword(s):  
Graft Incompatibility

scholarly journals A Method for Prediction of Graft Incompatibility in Sweet Cherry

2012 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 243 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Filiz GUCLU ◽  
Fatma KOYUNCU
Keyword(s):  
Peroxidase Activity ◽  
Sweet Cherry ◽  
Prunus Avium ◽  
Ground Tissue ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
Total Peroxidase Activity ◽  
Graft Incompatibility ◽  
Old Trees

This study was carried out on 1-year old trees of ‘0900 Ziraat’ variety grafted onto ‘Kuş kirazi’, ‘Kara idris’, ‘Sari idris’, ‘MaxMa 14’, ‘MaxMa 60’ and ‘Gisela 5’ in order to determine their compatibility. For this purpose, total peroxidase activity was determined by spectrophotomery assay. Taking ground tissue samples were planned three times as before the grafting (beginning), and then 8 and 12 months after grafting. Total peroxidase activities of rootstocks before grafting varied between 10.80 ΔAg.min. (‘Kuş kirazi’) and 7.83 ΔAg.min. (‘Kara idris’) and were found to be statistically important. The peroxidase activity of ‘0900 Ziraat’ was 11.07ΔAg.min. and the closest value occurred in Prunus avium rootstock. The most different values occurred in rootstocks of ‘Kara idris’ and ‘Gisela 5’. The results showed that peroxidase activity increased in rootstock and graft scion. This increase had higher values in heterogenetic combinations especially in ‘0900 Ziraat’/‘Gisela 5’ and ‘0900 Ziraat’/‘Kara idris’ grafts. Peroxidase activity was decreased at the 12th month for all combinations. The highest value was obtained from ‘0900 Ziraat’/‘MaxMa 14’ combinaion with 29.17 ΔAg.min. while lowest one was ‘0900 Ziraat’/‘Kuş kirazi’ with 17.39. The findings showed that peroxidase activity could be used as a parameter in early determination of graft incompatibility.

scholarly journals Biochemical Characterization and Differential Expression of PAL Genes Associated With “Translocated” Peach/Plum Graft-Incompatibility

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rihab Amri ◽  
Carolina Font i Forcada ◽  
Rosa Giménez ◽  
Ana Pina ◽  
María Ángeles Moreno
Keyword(s):  
Differential Expression ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Biochemical Characterization ◽  
Soluble Sugars ◽  
Fruit Trees ◽  
Phenylpropanoid Pathway ◽  
Total Phenol Content ◽  
Horticultural Crops ◽  
Graft Incompatibility ◽  
Graft Interface

Grafting is an ancient plant propagation technique widely used in horticultural crops, particularly in fruit trees. However, the involvement of two different species in grafting may lead to lack of affinity and severe disorders between the graft components, known as graft-incompatibility. This complex agronomic trait is traditionally classified into two categories: “localized” (weak graft unions with breaks in cambial and vascular continuity at the graft interface and absence of visual symptoms in scion leaves and shoots) and “translocated” (degeneration of the sieve tubes and phloem companion cells at the graft interface causing translocation problems in neighboring tissues, and reddening/yellowing of scion leaves). Over the decades, more attention has been given to the different mechanisms underlying the “localized” type of graft-incompatibility; whereas the phenylpropanoid-derived compounds and the differential gene expression associated with the “translocated” graft-incompatibility remain unstudied. Therefore, the aim of this study was to shed light on the biochemical and molecular mechanisms involved in the typical “translocated” graft-incompatibility of peach/plum graft-combinations. In this study, the “Summergrand” (SG) nectarine cultivar was budded on two plum rootstocks: “Adara” and “Damas GF 1869”. “Translocated” symptoms of incompatibility were shown and biochemically characterized in the case of “SG/Damas GF 1869” graft-combination, 3 years after grafting. Non-structural carbohydrates (soluble sugars and starch), phenolic compounds and antioxidant activity, were significantly enhanced in the incompatible graft-combination scion. Similarly, the enzymatic activities of the antioxidant enzyme peroxidase, the phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL) and polyphenol oxidase involved in the phenylpropanoid pathway were significantly affected by the incompatible rootstock “Damas GF 1869”, inducing higher activities in the scion than those induced by the compatible rootstock “Adara”. In addition, a positive and strong correlation was obtained between total phenol content, antioxidant capacity and the expression of the key genes involved in the phenylpropanoid pathway, PAL1 and PAL2. Regarding the “SG/Adara” graft-combination, there were neither external symptoms of “translocated” incompatibility nor significant differences in the biochemical and molecular parameters between scion and rootstock, proving it to be a compatible combination. The differential expression of PAL genes together with the biochemical factors cited above could be good markers for the “translocated” peach/plum graft-incompatibility.

Effects of Rootstock Source on the Size, Cone Production, and Compatibility of Douglas-Fir Grafts

1992 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 73-77
Author(s):  
Ingemar Karlsson ◽  
Jack H. Woods
Keyword(s):  
Pseudotsuga Menziesii ◽  
Douglas Fir ◽  
Fast Growth ◽  
Production Potential ◽  
Graft Union ◽  
Cone Production ◽  
Graft Compatibility ◽  
Graft Incompatibility

Abstract Scions of coastal Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii) were grafted on rootstock from coastal, northern interior and southern interior origin. Data on ramet size, cone production, and graft compatibility were collected. Twelve years after grafting significant differences for most crown and stem traits were found among the rootstock sources, with coastal rootstock resulting in the fastest scion growth. Northern interior rootstock sources produced larger grafts than southern interior rootstock. Significant graft union appearance and cone production differences were not detected, but coastal sources consistently had higher graft compatibility and healthier unions. It is concluded that, for coastal Douglas-fir, the use of a vigorous coastal rootstock source that promotes fast growth in the scion, and has high graft compatibility potential, is the most desirable for coastal locations. This will result in fewer losses due to graft incompatibility, faster crown development, more options for crown management and increased cone production potential. West. J. Appl. For. 7(3):73-77.

Testing Graft Incompatibility Detection Procedures on Interior Douglas-Fir

1991 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 39-42
Author(s):  
David Foushee ◽  
Lauren Fins
Keyword(s):  
Contact Zone ◽  
Pseudotsuga Menziesii ◽  
Electrophoretic Analysis ◽  
Douglas Fir ◽  
Graft Incompatibility

Abstract Grafts of 21 mature inland Douglas-fir trees (Pseudotsuga menziesii var. glauca) were used to test the anatomical and electrophoretic methods of detecting graft incompatibility that were developed for the coastal variety of the species. Both methods were found to be effective. Incompatibility averaged 34% when evaluated by anatomical examination; and electrophoretic analysis of isozymes, 19 to 20 months after grafting, was 82% accurate in detecting incompatible grafts. Sixty percent of the incompatible grafts had externally visible bark fissures along the contact zone between scion and rootstock. One clone had greater than 90% compatibility. West. J. Appl. For. 6(2):39-42.

POSSIBLE MECHANISMS FOR GRAFT INCOMPATIBILITY BETWEEN MELON SCIONS AND PUMPKIN ROOTSTOCKS

2008 ◽  
pp. 313-324 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Aloni ◽  
L. Karni ◽  
G. Deventurero ◽  
Z. Levin ◽  
R. Cohen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Graft Incompatibility

scholarly journals Peach/myrobalan plum graft incompatibility in the nursery

1993 ◽  
Vol 68 (5) ◽  
pp. 705-714 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. A. Moreno ◽  
A. Moing ◽  
M. Lansac ◽  
J. P. Gaudillere ◽  
G. Salesses
Keyword(s):  
Graft Incompatibility
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