scholarly journals Psychology in the function of the well-being of the individual and society - BOOK OF ABSTRACTS

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Grupa Autora
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Abilities ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Psychological Research ◽  
Scientific Basis ◽  
Theoretical Explanation ◽  
Hierarchical Organization ◽  
Necessary Condition ◽  
Societal Welfare ◽  
And Behavior

As the guidelines of human attitudes and behavior, the values are extremely important for individuals and for the society. All major societal flaws (violence, war, aggression, criminal, delinquency, lawlessness, corruption, ecological devastation, terrorism, totalitarianism, exploitation, misery, poverty, hunger, starvation, ignorance, fanaticism and others) are result of behavior that is as odd with basic human values. Thus, a value-congruent behavior is a necessary condition for stable and successful society and the strengthening of value-aligned behavior is a planetary task. Psychological research convincingly demonstrated that the values represent and occupy a great field of attitudes and beliefs, one of the three great domains of the psychological trilogy (personality; attitudes, beliefs and values; cognitive abilities). In psychology, we need a clear and elaborated theoretical explanation of values. A comprehensive theoretical model of values (CTV) was therefore developed in last decades. It comprises all important aspects of the values: the structure, hierarchical organization, development, cross-cultural validity and differences, connections to other important psychological and behavioral domains and the role of values in our life. The knowledge of values is necessary, yet it is not enough in order to cope with all risks of individual and societal welfare. Another requirement is therefore crucial, namely the abovementioned alignment of values and behavior. Values that are not accomplished or realized in our behavior are useless. Thus, the research of value–behavior relations is extremely important in psychology. It is one of essential pillars in the scientific basis of a stable society and has therefore tremendous practical consequences. It also brings us closer to the perennial question connected with the role of values in our life: does the behavior that is aligned and congruent with values make us happier or not. Thus, the final part of my lecture will be focused on the empirical answers to that question. And, as research results are proving, the life and behavior which are congruent with the values factually correlate with the happiness and general wellbeing.

Pateicības izpausmes folklorā psiholoģiskā kontekstā

2021 ◽  
pp. 42-53
Author(s):  
Ieva Ančevska
Keyword(s):  
Family Relationships ◽  
Positive Emotions ◽  
Emotional Health ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Psychological Research ◽  
Neuroscience Research ◽  
Health And Well Being

The article examines the depiction of gratitude and related events in Latvian folklore through comparative evaluation. Gratitude is considered in a psychological context, comparing the attitude expressed in folklore with the findings of modern scientific research. Gratitude is a concept that is usually associated with a relationship or a benefit, it is most often aimed outwards, dedicated to someone else, but at the same time, it creates a pleasant feeling within the person. In modern psychology, gratitude is receiving more and more attention from researchers because its manifestations stimulate the formation of positive emotions and contribute to the improvement of the person’s overall well-being. Research and clinical studies in psychotherapy confirm that gratitude plays an important role in improving mental health and reducing depressive, destructive feelings. In turn, neuroscience research shows the potential of a grateful and positive attitude in strengthening psycho-emotional health and well-being in general. In Latvian folklore, gratitude is depicted as an important part of ritual events, which helps to ensure a positive, balanced connection with the forces of nature, gods, and society. In folklore, the importance of gratitude is emphasised more when building family relationships or accepting various situations and occurrences in life. In both psychological research and the practice of systemic therapy, as well as in folklore, gratitude appears as one of the most important values of interpersonal connection, which promotes the formation of harmonious relationships. Similar to the opinions of psychology, the folk world views emphasise the motivational role of gratitude in improving the quality of human life and health in general.

scholarly journals Психолінгвальні маркери ранніх дизфункційних схем у вчителів із високим ступенем трудоголізму

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 80-88
Author(s):  
Iryna Onopchenko ◽  
Марина Орап ◽  
Ігор Мудрак
Keyword(s):  
Well Being ◽  
Psychological Research ◽  
Self Concept ◽  
Personality Psychology ◽  
Work Addiction ◽  
Psychotherapy Theory ◽  
Imposter Phenomenon ◽  
Impostor Feelings ◽  
Theory Research

У статті відображено результати дослідження психолінгвальних маркерів ранніх дисфункційних схем у вчителів. Дослідження представлене у вигляді багатопланового дослідження із залученням регресійного аналізу, де ранні дисфункційні схеми, психологічне благополуччя, задоволення шлюбом слугують незалежними змінними, а трудоголізм – залежною змінною. Після отримання дозволу від Ради з етики наукових досліджень Східноєвропейського національного університету імені Лесі Українки 53 учителі загальноосвітніх шкіл Волинської області (Україна) взяли участь у дослідженні трудоголізму, серед них 50 жінок, 3 чоловіків, середній вік 46,47 (SD=10,17), стаж роботи 24,06 (SD=10,97). Опитувальник Янга YSQ – S3, шкала трудоголізму (Shkoler et al., 2018), шкала задоволеності шлюбом (Столін, Романова, Бутенко), шкала задоволення щоденною працею (Loi et al., 2009), шкала психологічного благополуччя (Ryff & Keyes, 1995) використовувалися для дослідження трудоголізму та його предикторів у вчителів. Результати засвідчили, що ранні дисфункційні схеми, психологічне благополуччя, задоволеність шлюбом сукупно слугують предикторами трудоголізму у вчителів. Водночас лише ранні дисфункційні схеми є незалежними значущими предикторами трудоголізму. Визначено психолінгвальні маркери ранніх дисфункційних схем, пов’язаних із трудоголізмом. Високорозвинений трудоголізм у вчителів пов’язаний із очікуванням на катастрофу, страхом покарання і негативізмом, уявленням про власну некомпетентність і невдачу, пошуком визнання й високих стандартів. Важливим прикладним висновком дослідження є можливість використання психолінгвістичних маркерів для визначення ранніх дисфункційних схем, пов’язаних із трудоголізмом у вчителів. Література References Онопченко І. В. Психологічна валідизація і культурна адаптація опитувальника “The Workaholism Facet-Based Scale” (WFBS) // Наукові записки Національного університету «Острозька академія». Серія «Психологія». 2019. Вип. 9. С. 107-117. Braslow, M. D., Guerrettaz, J., Arkin, R. M., & Oleson, K. C. (2012). Self-doubt. Social and Personality Psychology Compass, 6(6), 470-482. Clance, P. R., & Imes, S. A. (1978). The imposter phenomenon in high achieving women: Dynamics and therapeutic intervention. Psychotherapy: Theory, Research & Practice, 15(3), 241. Mir, I., & Kamal, A. (2018). Role of workaholism and self-concept in predicting impostor feelings among employees. Pakistan Journal of Psychological Research, 33(2), 413-427. Oates, W. E. (1971). Confessions of a workaholic: The facts about work addiction. World Publishing Company. Ryff, C. D., & Keyes, C. L. M. (1995). The structure of psychological well-being revisited. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 69(4), 719-727. Young, J. E. (1999). Cognitive therapy for personality disorders: A schema-focused approach. Professional Resource Press/Professional Resource Exchange. References (translated and transliterated) Onopchenko, I. (2019). Psykholohichna validyzatsiya i kulturna adaptatsiia opytuvalnyka The Workaholism Facet-Based Scale (WFBS). Naukovi Zapyski of the Ostroh Academy National University. Psychology Series, 9, 107-117. Braslow, M. D., Guerrettaz, J., Arkin, R. M., & Oleson, K. C. (2012). Self-doubt. Social and Personality Psychology Compass, 6(6), 470-482. Clance, P. R. & Imes, S. A. (1978). The imposter phenomenon in high achieving women: Dynamics and therapeutic intervention. Psychotherapy: Theory, Research & Practice, 15(3), 241. Mir, I. & Kamal, A. (2018). Role of workaholism and self-concept in predicting impostor feelings among employees. Pakistan Journal of Psychological Research, 33(2), 413-427. Oates, W. E. (1971). Confessions of a workaholic: The facts about work addiction. World Publishing Company. Ryff, C. D., & Keyes, C. L. M. (1995). The structure of psychological well-being revisited. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 69(4), 719-727. Young, J. E. (1999). Cognitive therapy for personality disorders: A schema-focused approach. Professional Resource Press/Professional Resource Exchange.

scholarly journals Psychedelics and potential benefits in “healthy normals”: A review of the literature

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 280-287 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sam Gandy
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Functioning ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Life Meaning ◽  
Potential Development ◽  
Potential Benefits ◽  
High Doses ◽  
And Behavior

We are in the midst of a psychedelic research renaissance. With research examining the efficacy of psychedelics as a treatment for a range of mental health indications still in its early stages, there is an increasing body of research to show that careful use of psychedelics can yield a variety of benefits in “healthy normals” and so lead to “the betterment of well people.” Psychedelics have been found to modulate neuroplasticity, and usage in a supportive setting can result in enduring increases in traits such as well-being, life satisfaction, life meaning, mindfulness, and a variety of measures associated with prosocial behaviors and healthy psychological functioning. The effect of psychedelic experience on measures of personality trait openness and is potential implications is examined, and the potential role of awe as a mediator of the benefits of the psychedelic experience is discussed. Special attention is given to the capacity of psychedelics to increase measures of nature relatedness in an enduring sense, which is being correlated with a broad range of measures of psychological well-being as well as a key predictor of pro-environmental awareness and behavior. The effects of particular classical psychedelic compounds on healthy people are discussed, with special attention given to the mystical-type experiences occasioned by high doses of psychedelics, which appear to be an important mediator of long-term benefits and psychotherapeutic gains. Research looking at the potential benefits of psychedelic microdosing is discussed. Potential future research avenues are explored, focusing on the potential development of psychedelics as agents of ecotherapy.

The systematic study of how subtle forms of bias related to prosocial behavior operate in racial and gender relations

2017 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 104-121
Author(s):  
Silvia Abad-Merino ◽  
John F. Dovidio ◽  
Carmen Tabernero ◽  
Ignacio González
Keyword(s):  
Gender Relations ◽  
Minority Groups ◽  
Psychological Research ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Cultural Research ◽  
The Status ◽  
And Gender ◽  
And Behavior

Psychological research and theory have traditionally focused on bias and conflict between separate groups. Our central thesis is that the processes that shape hierarchical group relations within a society are distinctive and typically operate in ways that are frequently subtle rather than blatant. The challenges of detecting new subtle forms of bias are receiving considerable attention in the field of social psychology, internationally. Although explicit hostility toward minority groups seems to have faded in modern societies, cross-cultural data show that the status, resources, and the power of women and ethnic/racial minorities remain unequal. The present literature review integrates the findings of cross-cultural research showing the role of paternalistic legitimizing ideas and behavior for establishing, maintaining, and reinforcing group hierarchy and the disadvantage of members of traditionally underrepresented groups. Specifically, we explain how intergroup helping relations can be used as a mechanism to maintain social advantage in racial and gender relations. These theoretical and experimental insights help illuminate the dynamics of relations between socially linked groups and the nature of contemporary bias. We also highlight how this perspective suggests novel and productive directions for future research.

Gender, Psychology, and Justice

2017 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Gender Equity ◽  
Justice System ◽  
Legal Status ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Psychological Research ◽  
Initial Contact ◽  
Policies And Procedures ◽  
Intersecting Identities ◽  
The Way

This book offers a critical analysis of girls’ and women’s experiences in the justice system, from their initial contact with law enforcement to their interaction with prosecutors, judges, and other court officials. Examining the gendered organization of the justice system is an essential step towards gender equity and effective practice in diverse legal settings. This includes recognition of the way women’s intersecting identities influence their perception and experience of the law and the justice system. This book discusses the way gender intersects with race, class, and sexual orientation in ways that impact the legal status and psychological, behavioral, and economic well-being of diverse girls and women. It examines the way social norms regarding the rights of girls and women influence policies and procedures in multiple arenas of the justice system and highlights the role of psychology and helping professionals in shaping legal policy. Each chapter provides a summary of the research on specific female populations in diverse arenas of the justice system; outlines practical implications for training and interventions grounded in psychological research; and formulates new organizing principles for working with diverse women and girls in legal settings.

Reflections on the Role of Control in Meditation

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deane H. Shapiro
Keyword(s):  
Belief Systems ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Western Psychology ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Being There ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Instrumental Control

Spiritual, religious, and secular traditions emphasize the importance of control over one’s thoughts, feelings and behavior, and the relevance of meditation in achieving this control. Meditation practices, in particular, can be understood as one strategy amongst others for achieving self-regulation. While the main focus in Western psychology has been on active instrumental control, other traditions have emphasized the importance of a more accepting/yielding mode of control. This chapter distinguishes between different forms of control and how some of these may be enhanced by meditation practices. While over-control and passive resignation can have negative consequences for a person’s well-being, there is evidence for the beneficial role of the active/assertive and positive accepting/yielding modes of control. Selecting the most appropriate meditation strategy for a particular person is dependent upon a wide range of factors, including the person’s control profile, their sensory orientation, and their belief systems. The chapter concludes with the description of the author’s personal journey in exploring meditation and theories and practices of control—and a note of gratitude.

scholarly journals Affect in the Context of Self-Determination Theory

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin S. Hagger ◽  
Cleo Protogerou
Keyword(s):  
Health Behavior ◽  
Emotional Responses ◽  
Autonomous Motivation ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Self Determination Theory ◽  
Psychological Needs ◽  
Self Determination ◽  
Active Management ◽  
And Behavior

Self-determination theory has been applied to understand the role of affect in motivation and behavior in health contexts. According to self-determination theory, autonomous forms of motivation, reflecting self-endorsed reasons for acting and the satisfaction of psychological needs, are related to participation and persistence in health behavior. Research examining the role of affect in determining health behavior from the perspective of the theory is relatively sparse. Affect has served as both an outcome and process in applications of the theory to health behavior. Positive affect and psychological well-being have been identified as important outcomes of participating in behaviors for autonomous reasons. Affect is inextricably linked to motivational processes through eudaimonic and hedonic well-being, the passionate pursuit of activities, and the regulation of behavior through active management of aversive emotional responses. The chapter outlines how support for autonomous motivation by significant others may lead to adaptive behavioral engagement and affective responses in health behavior.

scholarly journals Neuropsychologist

2009 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathleen L. Fuchs
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Abilities ◽  
Employment Status ◽  
Evaluation Process ◽  
Health Care Team ◽  
Cognitive Tests ◽  
Brain Functioning ◽  
Independent Functioning ◽  
And Behavior

It has been estimated that at least half of individuals with multiple sclerosis (MS) experience some degree of cognitive dysfunction, which can negatively affect employment status and quality of life. Many MS patients are referred for neuropsychological evaluation to assess their cognitive abilities. This article describes the evaluation process and the role of the neuropsychologist on a multidisciplinary MS health-care team. A neuropsychologist is trained in relationships between brain functioning and behavior and can administer cognitive tests and provide feedback on the individual's cognitive strengths and weaknesses. The findings can be used to recommend specific types of compensation strategies or other interventions that may help the patient maintain employment and independent functioning.

scholarly journals Affect in the context of self-determination theory

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin S Hagger ◽  
Cleo Protogerou
Keyword(s):  
Health Behavior ◽  
Emotional Responses ◽  
Autonomous Motivation ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Self Determination Theory ◽  
Psychological Needs ◽  
Self Determination ◽  
Active Management ◽  
And Behavior

Self-determination theory has been applied to understand the role of affect in motivation and behavior in health contexts. According to self-determination theory, autonomous forms of motivation, reflecting self-endorsed reasons for acting and the satisfaction of psychological needs, are related to participation and persistence in health behavior. Research examining the role of affect in determining health behavior from the perspective of the theory is relatively sparse. Affect has served as both an outcome and process in applications of the theory to health behavior. Positive affect and psychological well-being have been identified as important outcomes of participating in behaviors for autonomous reasons. Affect is inextricably linked to motivational processes through eudaimonic and hedonic well-being, the passionate pursuit of activities, and the regulation of behavior through active management of aversive emotional responses. The chapter outlines how support for autonomous motivation by significant others may lead to adaptive behavioral engagement and affective responses in health behavior.

scholarly journals The Importance of Well-Being on Resiliency of Filipino Adults During the COVID-19 Enhanced Community Quarantine: A Necessary Condition Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Desiderio S. Camitan ◽  
Lalaine N. Bajin
Keyword(s):  
Research Effort ◽  
Sufficient Conditions ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Psychological Research ◽  
Necessary Condition ◽  
Free Disposal Hull ◽  
Free Disposal ◽  
Good Mental Health ◽  
Research Problems ◽  
The Relationship

Nation-wide community quarantines and social distancing are part of the new normal because of the global COVID-19 pandemic. Since extensive and prolonged lockdowns are relatively novel experiences, not much is known about the well-being of individuals in such extreme situations. This research effort investigated the relationship between well-being elements and resiliency of 533 Filipino adults who were placed under the nationwide enhanced community quarantine (ECQ) during the COVID-19 pandemic. Participants comprised of 376 females (70.56%) and 157 males (29.45%). The median and mode ages of the participants is 23 years, while 25 is the mean age. PERMA Profiler was used to measure participants’ well-being elements, while Connor-Davidson Resiliency Scale-10 (CD-RISC-10) was used to measure their resiliency. Collected data were analyzed using the regression model and necessary condition analysis. This study corroborated that all the five pillars of well-being are significant positive correlates of resiliency (p < 0.00) in quarantined adults. The results shown accomplishment (β = 0.447, p < 0.01) positively predicts resiliency, while negative emotions (β = −0.171, p < 0.00) negatively predict resiliency. Lastly, the five pillars of well-being are necessary-but-not-sufficient conditions (ceiling envelopment with free disposal hull, CE-FDH p < 0.00) of resiliency. Our results cast a new light on well-being elements as constraints rather than enablers of resiliency. This novel result shows that optimum resiliency is only possible when all the five pillars of well-being are taken care of and when a person is at least minimally contented with their physical health. The present findings underscore the importance of a holistic as against an atomistic approach to maintaining good mental health, which suggests that deficiencies in certain areas of well-being may not be fully addressed by overcompensating on other areas, as all five pillars of well-being are necessary-but-not-sufficient conditions of resiliency. The study ends with the recommendation for the use of necessary condition analysis to study both classical and novel psychological research problems.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document