scholarly journals RASAYANA AND DEGENERATIVE EYE DISORDERS

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 2160-2164
Author(s):  
Sangram Singh Rajput ◽  
Shiromani Mishra ◽  
Ravindra Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Mental State ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
Continuous Exposure ◽  
Unhealthy Food ◽  
Degenerative Disorders ◽  
Eye Disorders ◽  
Ocular Disorders ◽  
High Incidence ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Functional Deterioration

As eyes are in continuous exposure to the light and face both anatomical as well as functional deterioration with increasing age, there is a high incidence of issues in visual functioning of the eye that affects day to day activities of the individual and has a great impact on the physical, social and mental state of a person. As with today's world, the intake of unhealthy food and improper lifestyle is the main cause of to produce Ama, which is the ma- jor cause of development of all the diseases including ocular disorders. Rasayana Chikitsa is well known for its effective and potential role in degenerative disorders.

scholarly journals Association between stress and bilateral symmetrical alopecia in free-ranging Formosan macaques in Mt. Longevity, Taiwan

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chen-Chih Chen ◽  
Ai-Mei Chang ◽  
Ming-Shan Tsai ◽  
Yen-Hua Huang ◽  
Kurtis Jai-Chyi Pei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Total Population ◽  
Causative Factor ◽  
Population Status ◽  
Adrenocortical Activity ◽  
High Incidence ◽  
Normal Hair ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Free Ranging ◽  
The Impact

AbstractSince 2013, a high incidence of bilateral symmetrical alopecia has been observed in free-ranging Formosan macaques (Macaca cyclopis) in Mt. Longevity, Taiwan. We hypothesized that stress induces alopecia in this population. To verify our hypothesis, we evaluated the histopathological characteristics of skin biopsy and used a validated enzyme immunoassay (EIA) for fecal glucocorticoid metabolite (FGM) analysis, which act as an indicator of stress experienced by the individual. Follicular densities were lower (2.1–3.0 mm2) in individuals with symmetrical alopecia than in those with normal hair conditions (4.7 mm2). Furthermore, anagen to catagen/telogen ratios were lower in individuals with alopecia (0–1.4) than in those with normal hair (4.0). The histopathological characteristics of alopecia were similar to those of telogen effluvium, which indicates that stress is one of the possible etiologies. On the basis of the analytical and biological validation of EIAs for FGM analysis, 11β-hydroxyetiocholanolone was considered suitable for monitoring adrenocortical activity in both sexes of Formosan macaques. The mean concentrations (standard error; sample size) of 11β-hydroxyetiocholanolone were 2.02 (0.17; n = 10) and 1.41 (0.10; n = 31) μg/g for individuals with and without alopecia, respectively. Furthermore, the results of logistic regression analysis show that 11β-hydroxyetiocholanolone (p = 0.012) concentration was positively associated with alopecia. Thus, stress was the most likely to trigger symmetrical alopecia in Formosan macaques in Mt. Longevity. Although stress can decrease the fitness of an individual, considering the population status of Formosan macaques in Taiwan is stable and alopecia was only observed in our study area, which is isolated from other populations, the impact on the total population of Formosan macaque in Taiwan is limited. Nonetheless, stress-induced immunosuppression and alopecia might affect the local abundance and increase zoonosis risk due to frequent human–macaque contact in Mt. Longevity. Future studies are suggested to focus on the causative factor of stress and the effects of stress and alopecia on the health and welfare in the Formosan macaques.

Potential Role of Darvyadi Kwatha in the Management of Diabetes

The Healer ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 80-86
Author(s):  
Shankar Gautam ◽  
Abhishek Upadhyay ◽  
Rashmi Mutha ◽  
BINOD KUMAR SINGH ◽  
Ram Kishor Joshi
Keyword(s):  
Causes Of Death ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Animal Experiments ◽  
Safety Evaluation ◽  
New Drugs ◽  
Effective Management ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Glucose 6 Phosphate Dehydrogenase

Diabetes is a clinical condition characterized by a spike in blood glucose in plasma. It is one of the 21st century's greatest public health crises and is among the top 10 causes of death worldwide. Although new drugs and therapeutics are emerging for its management but the prevalence is increasing at an alarming pace; thus, every system must contribute for effective management. An effort is made to review the efficacy and safety evaluation of the individual herbs of Darvyadi Kwatha (DK), an Ayurvedic formulation mentioned in Charaka Samhita. The constituents of the DK has some strong efficient antidiabetic/hypoglycaemic chemical principle having insulin-triggering and insulin-like behaviors which increases the activity of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) and glucokinase and decreases glucose-6-phosphatase activity, reduce oxidative stress and prevention of glutathione reductase, superoxide dismutase, and catalase activity play a critical role in glucose homeostasis. DK also improve biochemical parameters such as SGPT, SGOT, cholesterol and triglycerides and is found to be safe in animal experiments. The various evidences clearly indicates that DK has definite hypoglycemic potential as well as anti-diabetic activity.

Association Between Stress and Bilateral Symmetrical Alopecia in Free-Ranging Formosan Macaques (Macaca Cyclopis) in A High-Population-Density Area

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chen-Chih Chen ◽  
Ai-Mei Chang ◽  
Ming-Shan Tsai ◽  
Yen-Hua Huang ◽  
Kurtis Jai-Chyi Pei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Total Population ◽  
High Population Density ◽  
Macaca Cyclopis ◽  
Adrenocortical Activity ◽  
Biological Validation ◽  
High Incidence ◽  
Normal Hair ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Free Ranging

Abstract Since 2013, a high incidence of bilateral symmetrical alopecia has been observed in free-ranging Formosan macaques (Macaca cyclopis) in Mt. Longevity, Taiwan. We hypothesized that stress induces alopecia in this population. To verify our hypothesis, we evaluated the histopathological characteristics of skin biopsy and used a validated enzyme immunoassay (EIA) for fecal glucocorticoid metabolite (FGM) analysis, which act as an indicator of stress experienced by the individual. Follicular densities were lower (2.1–3.0 mm2) in individuals with symmetrical alopecia than in those with normal hair conditions (4.7 mm2). Furthermore, anagen to catagen/telogen ratios were lower in individuals with alopecia (0–1.4) than in those with normal hair (4.0). The histopathological characteristics of alopecia were similar to those of telogen effluvium, which indicates that stress is one of the possible etiologies. On the basis of the analytical and biological validation of EIAs for FGM analysis, 11β-hydroxyetiocholanolone was considered suitable for monitoring adrenocortical activity in both sexes of Formosan macaques. The mean concentrations (standard error; sample size) of 11β-hydroxyetiocholanolone were 2.02 (0.17; n = 10) and 1.41 (0.10; n = 31) μg/g for individuals with and without alopecia, respectively. Furthermore, the results of logistic regression analysis show that 11β-hydroxyetiocholanolone (p = 0.012) concentration was positively associated with alopecia. Thus, stress was the most likely to trigger symmetrical alopecia in Formosan macaques in Mt. Longevity. Although stress can decrease the fitness of an individual, it should not impact the total population of Formosan macaque in Taiwan. Nonetheless, stress-induced immunosuppression might increase zoonosis risk due to frequent human–macaque contact in Mt. Longevity.

Teaching ELL Students in the Elementary Grades

2018 ◽  
pp. 236-249
Author(s):  
Sue Ellen McCalley
Keyword(s):  
Instructional Strategies ◽  
Individual Education Plan ◽  
Elementary Grades ◽  
Ell Students ◽  
High Incidence ◽  
The Individual ◽  
High Incidence Disabilities ◽  
Moderate Range ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Individual Education

This chapter presents information regarding teaching ELL students with high incidence disabilities in the mild to moderate range. Specific disabilities to be discussed are learning disabilities, dyslexia, cognitive impairments, and autism. Identification procedures and implications for the individual education plan are offered. Learning characteristics that are manifested with these disabilities are explored. Instructional strategies that are most effective for children with these disabilities are explained. The impact of ELL on the disability is discussed. Accommodations to instructional strategies for ELL students are suggested. The misidentification of ELL students as having a disability is examined as well as misplacement into special education.

Life in a continuous traumatic situation: perspective of the older population

2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (5) ◽  
pp. 954-973 ◽  
Author(s):  
ORIT NUTTMAN-SHWARTZ ◽  
IRIT REGEV
Keyword(s):  
Content Analysis ◽  
Older Persons ◽  
Continuous Exposure ◽  
Future Challenge ◽  
Security Threat ◽  
Moral Issues ◽  
Social Theories ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Coping Patterns ◽  
Intergenerational Issues

ABSTRACTThe literature is divided with regard to how older persons cope with traumatic situations of war and terror, and few studies have focused on continuous exposure to traumatic situations. To fill the gap in existing knowledge, the present study examined how older people cope with a continuous security threat which includes periods of intensive attacks. Three focus groups were conducted among older residents of rural localities situated near the Israeli border with Gaza. Content analysis of transcripts from the group sessions revealed four main aspects that concern the older participants when they cope with situations of war: (a) moral issues; (b) emotional issues; (c) intergenerational issues; and (d) resilience and future challenge. The analysis revealed that the older participants’ coping patterns derive from a combination of their stage of life, the changing lifestyle in their communal rural localities, and the ways that the older residents and younger residents of the communities cope with exposure to a continuous security threat. The theoretical framework for discussion of the findings is based on social theories of trauma and resilience. In addition, recommendations are provided for interventions at the individual and community levels.

scholarly journals P03.11 Finding a predictive marker for compliance to TTFields therapy - the comptune study

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. iii27-iii27
Author(s):  
M A Proescholdt ◽  
A Haj ◽  
C Doenitz ◽  
A Brawanski ◽  
A Mühlberger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Assessment ◽  
Medical Center ◽  
Treatment Success ◽  
Compliance Rate ◽  
Treatment Compliance ◽  
Observation Time ◽  
Continuous Exposure ◽  
Psychological Profile ◽  
Assessment Battery ◽  
The Individual

Abstract BACKGROUND Tumor Treating Fields (TTFields) imply the administration of alternating electric fields to induce mitotic arrest in Glioblastoma (GBM) cells. Based on the specific mode of action, which requires continuous exposure of the malignant cell pool to TTFields, compliance to TTFields treatment is a crucial parameter for treatment success. Correspondingly, a recent post hoc analysis of the EF-14 trial has demonstrated a strong correlation between TTFields compliance rate and treatment success. However, there is currently no data regarding predictive factors for individual compliance rate. We are therefore performing a prospective study designed to analyze specific parameters potentially influencing compliance to TTFields treatment employing a standardized psychological assessment battery in GBM patients who choose or not choose to undergo TTFields treatment in a longitudinal fashion. The results of the psychological profile will be correlated to the compliance rates of the individual patients. MATERIAL AND METHODS Forty adult patients treated for newly diagnosed GBM at the University Regensburg Medical Center will be recruited. The psychological assessment battery aims at assessing four categories relevant for treatment compliance: 1. Lack of communicative skills, 2. depressive and anxiety disorders, 3. interpersonal factors (e.g. social support), and 4. intrapersonal factors, (e.g. beliefs about benefit, self-efficacy). The study endpoints are: 1. willingness to undergo TTFields therapy and 2. compliance rate of the individual patient, provided by the technical support team. The first interview takes place after treatment consultation (T0), 2 weeks after diagnosis (T1), at the initiation of TTFields treatment (T2) and every 4 weeks during treatment either until second disease progression or after maximal 8 months observation time per patient. Additionally, demographic (gender, age, marital status), clinical (KPI, extent of resection) and biological factors (MGMT promoter status, IDH1 mutation) will be assessed. RESULTS The study has been approved by the local ethics committee and has recruited the first 23 patients within 8 months since initiation of the study. The most updated results will be presented at the meeting. CONCLUSION One of the most challenging aspects in the application of TTFields in clinical practice is the identification of influencing factors increasing patients’ compliance. This study is designed to provide a psychological profile predictive for high treatment compliance.

Group Fines: Technique for Behavioral Control in a Token Economy

1972 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 895-900 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ira Liebson ◽  
Miriam Cohen ◽  
Louis A. Faillace
Keyword(s):  
Behavioral Control ◽  
Social Pressure ◽  
Token Economy ◽  
Skid Row ◽  
Incidence Group ◽  
High Incidence ◽  
The Individual

Group fines were used to control the alcohol-related misbehavior of skid row alcoholics living and working in a hospital token-economy ward. When only the individual was fined there was a high incidence of unauthorized drinking and elopement. Institution of group fines wherein the offender was fined and an equivalent fine was levied against all other Ss led to a decrease in serious offenses to one-fifth of the previous incidence. Group fines appeared to be an effective method of mobilizing social pressure for this population.

scholarly journals The epidemiological consequences of optimisation of the individual host immune response

Parasitology ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 125 (7) ◽  
pp. S61-S70 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. F. MEDLEY
Keyword(s):  
Parasite Burden ◽  
Resource Acquisition ◽  
Reproductive Value ◽  
Continuous Exposure ◽  
Use Of Resources ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
Individual Host ◽  
Survival And Reproduction ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Simultaneous Variation

We present a simple unscaled, quantitative framework that addresses the optimum use of resources throughout a host's lifetime based on continuous exposure to parasites (rather than evolutionary, genetically explicit trade-offs). The principal assumptions are that a host's investment of resources in growth increases its survival and reproduction, and that increasing parasite burden reduces survival. The host reproductive value is maximised for a given combination of rates of parasite exposure, host resource acquisition and pathogenicity, which results in an optimum parasite burden (for the host). Generally, results indicate that the optimum resource allocation is to tolerate some parasite infection. The lower the resource acquisition, the lower the proportion of resources that should be devoted to immunity, i.e. the higher the optimum parasite burden. Increases in pathogenicity result in reduced optimum parasite burdens, whereas increases in exposure result in increasing optimum parasite burdens. Simultaneous variation in resource acquisition, pathogenicity and exposure within a community of hosts results in overdispersed parasite burdens, with the degree of heterogeneity decreasing as mean burden increases. The relationships between host condition and parasite burden are complicated, and could potentially confound data analysis. Finally, the value of this approach for explaining epidemiological patterns, immunological processes and the possibilities for further work are discussed.

scholarly journals Yield and Quality of Irrigated Tobacco Under Subhumid Conditions

1969 ◽  
Vol 52 (4) ◽  
pp. 281-294
Author(s):  
Modesto Capiel ◽  
Aurelio Sierra Bracero
Keyword(s):  
Mineral Content ◽  
Yield Response ◽  
Yield Data ◽  
Irrigation Level ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Trace Back ◽  
High Incidence ◽  
Significant Regression ◽  
The Individual

Two irrigation experiments with cigar-filler tobacco were conducted on the Gurabo Substation Experimental Farm in a field graded for furrow irrigation. The objective was to evaluate the effect of different irrigation frequencies on the yield and quality of two tobacco varieties, P.R. 1-60 and a mosaic resistant line, X-13. Irrigation significantly increased the yield of varieties X-13 and P.R. 1-60. However, in spite that, the yield of P.R. 1-60 tobacco was greater under all treatments; the former showed about three times as much response to irrigation as compared with no irrigation. This variety (X-13) was also responsive to the irrigation level, in spite of light, but well-spaced precipitation between primings. A high incidence of mosaic on P.R. 1-60, which appeared since the fifth priming, probably masked a better response of this variety to irrigation. In an attempt to trace back to plant nutrition the injury caused by mosaic on P.R. 1-60 yields, a linear regression of yield on mineral content of the leaves was carried out, using the individual yield data by experimental units. From an analysis of these data, it seems likely that mosaic caused a yield-limiting effect on P.R. 1-60 as a result of adversely affecting the uptake of minerals by the plant. On the other hand, when observing the highly significant regression of X-13 yields on the moisture content of the leaves and at the same time comparing its regression coefficient (slope) with the corresponding one in variety P.R. 1-60, one may conclude that X-13 made a more efficient use of irrigation which was expressed in greater yield response.

scholarly journals The influence of motivation on the psychophysiological state of a person

2021 ◽  
pp. 101-105
Author(s):  
V. I. Tereshchenko ◽  
D.I. Frankiv ◽  
L.A. Khudoliy
Keyword(s):  
Human Behavior ◽  
Mental State ◽  
Tension Stress ◽  
Psychological Process ◽  
Physiological Level ◽  
Psychophysiological State ◽  
Behavior Motivation ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Level Of Effort

The influence of motivation on psychophysiological states of a person is investigated. It is established that motivation is a psychological process that controls human behavior. Motivation is a guiding tool of the individual in the process of achieving goals. At different stages of motivation a person has different psychophysiological states. There are six stages of motivation: 1. The emergence of needs; 2. Finding ways to eliminate the need; 3. Defining goals; 4. Implementation of the action; 5. Receiving reward for the action; 6. Elimination of needs. Psychophysiological state can be called the physiological level of mental state with special energy features. There is a classification of psychophysiological states: neutral (calm, confidence, etc.); activation (excitement, inspiration, rise, concentration, etc.); tonic, those states that reflect the resources of forces (satiety, fatigue, monotony, etc.); tension, showing what level of effort should be applied to the person (tension, stress, sensory hunger, etc.). Thus, in the process of achieving goals, motivation is an important component. Knowing the effect of motivation on a person's psychophysiological states will help him to use this tool in the best way. A survey of 200 people was conducted to help determine what psychophysiological states occur at different stages of motivation. After analyzing the results of the study, it was found that most often in the process of motivation in humans there are activating psychophysiological states, then tension and rarely tonic. When processing the results at each stage of motivation, three psychophysiological states were taken, which the subjects chose more often. It was found that activating psychophysiological states are more common in the first five stages of motivation, tension psychophysiological states are more common in the second, third, fourth and sixth stages of motivation, tonic psychophysiological states occur in the sixth stage of motivation.

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