scholarly journals Smart Irrigation System Based on the Internet of Things and the Cloud

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (09) ◽  
pp. 19-24
Author(s):  
Malik Mustafa, Abdallah Abbas, Qusay Bsoul and Aumir Shabbir
Keyword(s):  
Root Zone ◽  
Irrigation System ◽  
Water System ◽  
Time Frame ◽  
System Control ◽  
Hand Off ◽  
Proper Volume ◽  
System Information ◽  
The Internet Of Things ◽  
The Ideal

A water system is a technique for giving water to plants to grow and create. Water in plants or water systems is not a cutting-edge idea; it has been followed and applied from one century to another or decade to decade. Advances have developed in lockstep with time. At the point when we compare the 1980s and 2021, we see a sensational distinction in advances just as in the water system strategy. During the 1980s, the water system was accomplished utilizing furrows and wrinkles. A water system is a technique for providing water to the root zone at the ideal opportunity. Plants draw water from wet soil, and by the component of evapotranspiration (ET), plants come to pass water into the air while drawing supplements accessible in soil with water for root zone improvement. At the point when the stockpile of water in the root zone falls under a specific edge, plants can't draw supplements and water for sustenance. Thus, supply great water to the root zone before as far as possible is reached. This cutoff is controlled by the types of plants, soil, and environment. Since the edge cap changes relying upon the sort of plant. Logical booking requires the utilization of the proper volume of water at the fitting time frame and area inside the office. This requires consistent checking of soil dampness content at the root zone and the commencement of the water system as per a pre-modified timetable base on wear the idea of the plant, its turn of events, soil type, and environment. Accordingly, for logical water system booking, sensors should be planted close to the root zone in the dirt to get to the agent's dampness status. The signs created and recognized by soil dampness sensors should be prepared in a microcontroller for water system planning by predefined programming. The microcontroller ought to likewise be intended to hand off the sign to a far-off area where the siphoning and well framework for water system control is found. Also, the criticism of these sensors ought to be examined by the microcontroller as indicated by a foreordained program to end the water system relying upon the plant, its the degree of improvement, soil, and environment. This paper presents a cloud-based and web of things-based water system framework. This framework utilizes sensors to gather continuous water system information, stores information into the cloud, proprietor of information provides the order and suitable move is made on dependent on the outcome created.

scholarly journals Design of an Efficient Automated Closed-Loop Irrigation System for Stable Remote Access to Field Conditions

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 2535-2540
Keyword(s):  
Closed Loop ◽  
Irrigation System ◽  
Water System ◽  
Remote Access ◽  
Threshold Values ◽  
Site Specific ◽  
Water Administration ◽  
Automated Irrigation System ◽  
The Internet Of Things ◽  
Remote Viewing

Many major metro cities face a water crisis today. It has been predicted that Bangalore will become unlivable by 2020. Proficient water administration is a noteworthy worry in many agricultural sites in these parched zones. As engineers, it our duty to help avert this crisis. Automated closed loop irrigation systems offer a potential answer in order to help site-specific water system administration which will enable producers to increase their profitability while also sparing water. This project puts forward a humble design of an automated irrigation system controlled via closed-loop operation, employing a host of sensors to attain data to check against the predetermined threshold values. The collected data should be available to the agriculturalist at all times to maximize efficiency of the agricultural process. The Internet of Things (IOT) is one of the technological advancements which can provide a remote viewing ability to the system by giving the user a platform to analyze this data. With more development in the field of IOT expected in the coming years, these systems can be made more efficient, much faster and cost lesser.

scholarly journals Economic Visions of Dr.B.R.Ambedkar

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 29-35
Author(s):  
R Nageswari
Keyword(s):  
Financial Development ◽  
Water System ◽  
Time Frame ◽  
Advisory Group ◽  
Indian Government ◽  
Dynamic Framework ◽  
Modern Development ◽  
Damodar Valley ◽  
Tennessee Valley ◽  
To Come

Dr. Ambedkar is the first Ph.D. holder in the field of Economics and the primary individual to earned twofold doctorate qualification in South Asia in a similar field. He was an expert economist in tending to the monetary issues of the country and overseeing financial issues of the nation during the time of 1923 – 1956. Amazing enough Dr. Ambedkar had just recommended free economy strategy such globalization, advancement and privatization as ahead of schedule as in 1923. From that point onward, the Indian government has actualized this arrangement in September 1991. He had worried on the estimation of rupee must be kept stable despite the fact that dispatch the free financial strategy effectively. He underscored the hugeness and need of ‘Framework System” which is as yet working viably. He is a precursor of work division since he defined the dynamic framework and made proficient arrangement for this field subsequently numerous designers have prepared well way. These days, the power specialists are traveling to another country for preparing thus that credit goes to Dr. Ambedkar. Toward the finish of Second World War India confronted numerous issues identified with the business, horticulture, neediness, etc. His strategy was help to come up from that unfortunate casualty and was valuable to create ventures, improve agribusiness, make work and build up the economy all through the country. Recreation Committee Council (RCC) was built up by the Indian government and Dr. Ambedkar was an individual from RCC. He was the President of Policy advisory group for Irrigation and Power. The man who began the arrangement for a finance commission each year in the constitution was none other than Dr. Ambedkar. He put stock in the rule of Liberty, Equality and Fraternity which stretched out into all segments of the general public including work. Dr Ambedkar was quick to create water hotspots for quicker financial development of the nation even before Independence. He underlined that the water the board ought to be an indispensable piece of the nation. He has presented an outline for ‘Damodar Valley Scheme’ (Kolkata, 3 January 1945) pictured on the lines of Tennessee Valley Authority in America. He stated, ‘The Damodar waterway task is the principal venture and will be a multi-reason venture. The principle goal of the undertaking was not exclusively to keep the general population from flood and it contain the goal of water system, route, power generation and establish the framework for a system of success for the neediness stricken a great many this nation. The primary target of this paper is to think about the commitment of Dr. Ambedkar to the field of Economics. The examination will be useful to realize the likelihood changes agreeing his ideas, considerations, assessment and proposals in the contemporary time frame do roll out practical improvements in the field of financial aspects. The article will be useful to do the possibility contemplate based on Dr. Ambedkarism towards financial development, horticulture, water the executives, neediness, rolelessness, modern development, etc.

scholarly journals Comparative Study of Different Irrigation System for Cotton Crop in District Rahim Yar Khan, Punjab, Pakistan

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 131-138
Author(s):  
Muhammad Yousaf Ali
Keyword(s):  
Root Zone ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Irrigation System ◽  
Plant Root ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Sprinkler Irrigation ◽  
Water Saving ◽  
Limiting Factors ◽  
Water Losses ◽  
Day By Day

The biggest responsibility of agriculture department is to produce food and cloth for huge population using the resource getting limited day by day. Water scarcity is most threatening among these limiting factors. New techniques are being developed day by day to utilize the water efficiently. Application of water only in the plant root zone will be one of the water saving technique to grow crops. This will control the losses due to evaporation and leaching. Irrigation to soil does not control the climate variables and precipitation cannot be substituted to irrigation. Sprinkler irrigation could be one of the way to utilize the water efficiently by in time application and reducing the losses of leaching and evaporation along with amelioration of micro climate of the crop. Canals and tube well water is conventionally given to crop through flood irrigation. These fields are in direct threat of evaporation and leaching resulting in excess water losses and damaging the soil quality. The study was designed taking cotton as experimental crop to calculate comparisons in plant growth parameters and yields along with water saving ability of different irrigation system. Maximum yield was obtained from sprinkler irrigation and water was saved under drip irrigation system.

scholarly journals Automatic Irrigation System using Wireless Control

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (3-2) ◽  
pp. 42-46
Author(s):  
Muhammad Rusydi Muhammad Razif ◽  
Preetharan Ravindran ◽  
Ili Najaa Aimi Mohd Nordin ◽  
Nor Saradatul Akmar Zulkifli
Keyword(s):  
Water Consumption ◽  
Mobile Application ◽  
Root Zone ◽  
Irrigation System ◽  
Sprinkler System ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Automated System ◽  
Drainage Ditches ◽  
Wireless Control ◽  
The Cost

Traditional methods of irrigation and fertilizing is very time consuming for farmers. Over-irrigation as well as leaching of fertilizers below the root zone, erosion, and transport of soil and chemical particles to the drainage ditches can increase energy and water consumption in farming. A single systems combining irrigation and fertilizing will greatly reduce the cost and time needed in farming. There are two types of fertilizers available for home gardener – granular and water-soluble fertilizers. Generally, granular fertilizers release nutrient gradually but can last longer than water-soluble fertilizers. This project will provide an automated system for irrigation and fertilizing for plantation using Arduino as the microcontroller. This system will include a mobile application to control the amount of water during the irrigation and fertilizing processes. The microcontroller communicates with the mobile application via internet using the Wi-Fi modulator. Then, the microcontroller processes the information and operates the irrigation and fertilizing pumps which supplies water and fertilizer through the sprinkler system in the field. Any feedback will be sent to the user through the mobile application.

Research on Electro-Mechanical Braking System Control of EV Based on Maximum Energy Recovery Strategy

2015 ◽  
Vol 740 ◽  
pp. 196-200
Author(s):  
Qing Nian Wang ◽  
Shi Xin Song ◽  
Shao Kun Li ◽  
Wei Chen Zhao ◽  
Feng Xiao
Keyword(s):  
Control Strategy ◽  
Influence Factors ◽  
Maximum Energy ◽  
Regenerative Braking ◽  
Force Distribution ◽  
System Control ◽  
Braking System ◽  
Power Battery ◽  
Braking Force ◽  
The Ideal

With the analysis of influence factors on regenerative braking in electro-mechanical braking system, and considering the power battery charging characteristics, a regenerative braking system control strategy for electric vehicle is researched in this paper. The models of the motor and the whole vehicle are built in AMESim. The control effects and the braking force distribution on front and rear wheels of the control strategy in an FTP-72 driving cycle are simulated and analyzed. The simulation results show that the control strategy could be utilized in the 4WD electric vehicles. The ideal braking force distribution on front and rear wheels and the high amount of recovery energy could be achieved.

Technical and Economic Evaluation of Three Types of Tomato Nutrient Solutions under Semi-Controlled Conditions

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (8) ◽  
pp. 68 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lady Arbelaez ◽  
John Rivera ◽  
Alejandro Hurtado-Salazar ◽  
Nelson Ceballos-Aguirre
Keyword(s):  
Net Present Value ◽  
Root Zone ◽  
Irrigation System ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Selling Price ◽  
Controlled Conditions ◽  
Cost Benefit Ratio ◽  
General Production ◽  
Nutrient Solutions

<p>This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of three types of nutrient solutions on the development, performance, quality and cost of chonto tomato (<em>Solanum lycopersicum</em> L.) under semi-controlled conditions. The assessment was conducted in the farm Tesorito, Manizales, Colombia. An experimental design was established in randomized complete blocks (RCB), with 3 treatments, 4 replicates per treatment and 10 effective plants per replicate. The variables were: height of the first cluster, production per plant, yield t ha-1 and qualities of the fruit. The economic variables were production costs, cost-benefit ratio (C/BR), rate of return (IRR) and net present value (NPV). In general, production per plant was greater than 4.7 kg plant<sup>-1</sup> and the average yield was 92 t ha<sup>-1</sup>. The use of conventional fertilization (tt2) generated increased production of premium quality fruit with a value of 37.11 t ha<sup>-1</sup>, demonstrating that conventional soil fertilization implemented in this culture under semi-controlled conditions in the company of drip irrigation system in the root zone improve outcomes of productive variables, increasing profitability and competitiveness with a net profit of USD$ $ 25203.68 ha<sup>-1</sup>, with average selling price of USD$ 0.45 per kilogram and a unit production margin of USD$ 0.21 per kilogram, making this technology attractive and economically viable.</p>

Impact of drip irrigation scheduling on growth, yield and water use efficiency in chilli crop under western region of Uttar Pradesh

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (01) ◽  
pp. 72-77
Author(s):  
Ram Kumar ◽  
Joginder Singh
Keyword(s):  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Root Zone ◽  
Irrigation System ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Total Yield ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Irrigation Scheduling ◽  
Green Pepper ◽  
Gm Plant

Drip irrigation is basically precise and slow application of water in the form of discrete continuous drops, sprayed through mechanical devices, called emitters into the root zone of the plant. The field experiment on Impact of fertigation and drip system layout were conducted at Research farm at IFTM University Moradabad (UP). The experiment was laid out in factorial randomized block design with treatments. In chilli maximum yield of 812 g/plant which is worked out as 0.006 t/ha was observed for the treatment T2. Even though the yield for the treatment T2 was high and was due to the reduction in the quantity of material for drip irrigation system. At harvesting time, samples of green pepper fruits were randomly harvested from each plot to measure fruit length, fruit diameter. In addition, total weight of fruits in each treatment were recorded by harvesting pepper fruits twice weekly and then the total yield as Kg/fed., was calculated. The maximum yield of crop 900 gm/plant and minimum of yield 600 gm/plant and total yield 52270 gm (52.270 kg).

scholarly journals Rijnland case study: hindcast experiment for anticipatory water-system control

2008 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 57-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
Schalk J. van Andel ◽  
Arnold H. Lobbrecht ◽  
Roland K. Price
Keyword(s):  
Water System ◽  
System Control

scholarly journals CRITICAL VARIABLES OF MORPHO-PHYSIOLOGICAL RICE PLANT UNDER STAGNANT FLOODING CONDITIONS

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Nurwulan Agustiani ◽  
Sujinah Sujinah ◽  
Indrastuti Apri Rumanti
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Water Depth ◽  
Rice Yield ◽  
Irrigation System ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Grain Filling ◽  
System Control ◽  
New Variety ◽  
Panicle Number ◽  
The Impact

<p class="abstrakinggris"><span lang="EN-US">Stagnant flooding (SF) stress has contributed decreasing rice production in Indonesia. The study aimed to explore critical variables of rice growth that contribute to the decreasing grain yield under SF conditions and a common irrigation system (control). The experiment was arranged in a complete randomized block design with four replications to test 10 rice genotypes (Inpari 30 Ciherang Sub-1, Inpara 3, Inpara 4, Inpara 8, IRRI119, IRRI154, IR42, IR14D121, IR14D157, and Tapus). The water depth was managed according to the farmer’s practices for control, while for SF plots the standing water depth was gradually increased from 35 days after transplanting and was maintained at 50 cm until harvest. Results showed that plant height, tillering ability, leaf greenness, panicle number per hill and grain filling percentage were critical growth variables that affect grain yield at optimal conditions. The yield of the 10 genotypes decreased by 25–50% under SF conditions. Inpara 3 had the stable yield in those two watering conditions. Therefore, it could be used as a check variety for SF condition. Inpara 9 and IRRI119 experienced decreased yield of more than 50% under SF conditions. The key factors determining the decreased yield were tillering ability and green leaf level. Optimization of the two variables at SF conditions will largely determine rice yield associated with panicle number per hill and grain number per panicle. Results of the study are useful as preliminary recommendations for designing new variety and cultivation techniques to reduce the impact of SF stress on rice yield.</span></p>

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document