scholarly journals CRISPR/CAS 9 Mediated Treatment for UTIs

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
pp. 82-94
Author(s):  
Sarika Chaturvedi ◽  
Jinny Tomar
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Genetic Structure ◽  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Gene Function ◽  
Target Gene ◽  
Crispr Locus

“CRISPR" is short and used for "CRISPR-Cas9. CRISPR stands for clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats. CRISPRs are specialized stretches of DNA. The protein Cas9 (or "CRISPR-associated") is an enzyme that acts like a pair of molecular scissors, capable of cutting strands of DNA and can be used in conjunction with engineered CRISPR sequences to hunt down codes and slice into them like a molecular scalpel, allowing geneticists to cut out a target gene, either to remove it or replace it with a new sequence. Therefore it is a simple and powerful tool for editing genomes to easily alter DNA sequences and amend gene function. In 1987, The CRISPR locus was first identified in Escherichia coli and discovered when a genetic structure containing 5 highly homologous repeats of 29 nucleotides separated by 32-nucleotide spacers (Ishino Y 1987).

scholarly journals Genetic Structure and Distribution of Four Pathogenicity Islands (PAI I536 to PAI IV536) of Uropathogenic Escherichia coli Strain 536

2002 ◽  
Vol 70 (11) ◽  
pp. 6365-6372 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ulrich Dobrindt ◽  
Gabriele Blum-Oehler ◽  
Gabor Nagy ◽  
György Schneider ◽  
André Johann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Genetic Structure ◽  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Coli Strain ◽  
Open Reading Frames ◽  
Pathogenicity Islands ◽  
Virulence Determinants ◽  
Core Element ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Virulence Potential

ABSTRACT For the uropathogenic Escherichia coli strain 536 (O6:K15:H31), the DNA sequences of three pathogenicity islands (PAIs) (PAI I536 to PAI III536) and their flanking regions (about 270 kb) were determined to further characterize the virulence potential of this strain. PAI I536 to PAI III536 exhibit features typical of PAIs, such as (i) association with tRNA-encoding genes; (ii) G+C content differing from that of the host genome; (iii) flanking repeat structures; (iv) a mosaic-like structure comprising a multitude of functional, truncated, and nonfunctional putative open reading frames (ORFs) with known or unknown functions; and (v) the presence of many fragments of mobile genetic elements. PAI I536 to PAI III536 range between 68 and 102 kb in size. Although these islands contain several ORFs and known virulence determinants described for PAIs of other extraintestinal pathogenic E. coli (ExPEC) isolates, they also consist of as-yet-unidentified ORFs encoding putative virulence factors. The genetic structure of PAI IV536, which represents the core element of the so-called high-pathogenicity island encoding a siderophore system initially identified in pathogenic yersiniae, was further characterized by sample sequencing. For the first time, multiple PAI sequences (PAI I536 to PAI IV536) in uropathogenic E. coli were studied and their presence in several wild-type E. coli isolates was extensively investigated. The results obtained suggest that these PAIs or at least large fragments thereof are detectable in other pathogenic E. coli isolates. These results support our view that the acquisition of large DNA regions, such as PAIs, by horizontal gene transfer is an important factor for the evolution of bacterial pathogens.

scholarly journals Assessment of plant chaperonin-60 gene function in Escherichia coli

1992 ◽  
Vol 267 (32) ◽  
pp. 23333-23336 ◽  
Author(s):  
L.P. Cloney ◽  
D.R. Bekkaoui ◽  
M.G. Wood ◽  
S.M. Hemmingsen
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Gene Function ◽  
Chaperonin 60

scholarly journals UV Light Induces IS10 Transposition in Escherichia coli

Genetics ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 149 (3) ◽  
pp. 1173-1181
Author(s):  
Zehava Eichenbaum ◽  
Zvi Livneh
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Stress Response ◽  
Target Gene ◽  
Uv Light ◽  
Insertion Site ◽  
Donor Plasmid ◽  
Donor And Acceptor ◽  
Low Copy Number ◽  
Uv Induction ◽  
Target Plasmid

Abstract A new mutagenesis assay system based on the phage 434 cI gene carried on a low-copy number plasmid was used to investigate the effect of UV light on intermolecular transposition of IS10. Inactivation of the target gene by IS10 insertion was detected by the expression of the tet gene from the phage 434 PR promoter, followed by Southern blot analysis of plasmids isolated from TetR colonies. UV irradiation of cells harboring the target plasmid and a donor plasmid carrying an IS10 element led to an increase of up to 28-fold in IS10 transposition. Each UV-induced transposition of IS10 was accompanied by fusion of the donor and acceptor plasmid into a cointegrate structure, due to coupled homologous recombination at the insertion site, similar to the situation in spontaneous IS10 transposition. UV radiation also induced transposition of IS10 from the chromosome to the target plasmid, leading almost exclusively to the integration of the target plasmid into the chromosome. UV induction of IS10 transposition did not depend on the umuC and uvrA gene product, but it was not observed in lexA3 and ΔrecA strains, indicating that the SOS stress response is involved in regulating UV-induced transposition. IS10 transposition, known to increase the fitness of Escherichia coli, may have been recruited under the SOS response to assist in increasing cell survival under hostile environmental conditions. To our knowledge, this is the first report on the induction of transposition by a DNA-damaging agent and the SOS stress response in bacteria.

scholarly journals The DNA sequences encoding plsB and dgk loci of Escherichia coli.

1983 ◽  
Vol 258 (18) ◽  
pp. 10856-10861 ◽  
Author(s):  
V A Lightner ◽  
R M Bell ◽  
P Modrich
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Dna Sequences

scholarly journals DNA sequences of the cysB regions of Salmonella typhimurium and Escherichia coli.

1987 ◽  
Vol 262 (13) ◽  
pp. 5999-6005 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Ostrowski ◽  
G. Jagura-Burdzy ◽  
N.M. Kredich
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Salmonella Typhimurium ◽  
Dna Sequences

scholarly journals Alignment of Escherichia coli K12 DNA sequences to a genomic restriction map

1990 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 313-321 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenneth E. Rudd ◽  
Webb Miller ◽  
James Ostell ◽  
Dennis A. Benson
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Restriction Map ◽  
Escherichia Coli K12

scholarly journals Yeast DNA sequences initiating gene expression in Escherichia coli

2004 ◽  
Vol 159 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Astrid Lewin ◽  
Thi Tuyen Tran ◽  
Daniela Jacob ◽  
Martin Mayer ◽  
Barbara Freytag ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Expression In Escherichia Coli
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