scholarly journals New Insights into the Evolution of the 1914-15 Plinian Eruption of Sakurajima Volcano, Japan

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aleksandra Zawalna-Geer ◽  
Chiara Maria Petrone ◽  
James Hickey ◽  
Ben Williamson ◽  
Jonathan Pickles
Keyword(s):  
Plinian Eruption ◽  
Sakurajima Volcano

scholarly journals A Computational Methodology for the Calibration of Tephra Transport Nowcasting at Sakurajima Volcano, Japan

Atmosphere ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 104
Author(s):  
Alexandros P. Poulidis ◽  
Atsushi Shimizu ◽  
Haruhisa Nakamichi ◽  
Masato Iguchi
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Remote Sensing Data ◽  
Volcanic Eruptions ◽  
Weather Research And Forecasting ◽  
Sakurajima Volcano ◽  
Observation Network ◽  
Complementary Strategy ◽  
Physical Quantities ◽  
Do So

Ground-based remote sensing equipment have the potential to be used for the nowcasting of the tephra hazard from volcanic eruptions. To do so raw data from the equipment first need to be accurately transformed to tephra-related physical quantities. In order to establish these relations for Sakurajima volcano, Japan, we propose a methodology based on high-resolution simulations. An eruption that occurred at Sakurajima on 16 July 2018 is used as the basis of a pilot study. The westwards dispersal of the tephra cloud was ideal for the observation network that has been installed near the volcano. In total, the plume and subsequent tephra cloud were recorded by 2 XMP radars, 1 lidar and 3 optical disdrometers, providing insight on all phases of the eruption, from plume generation to tephra transport away from the volcano. The Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) and FALL3D models were used to reconstruct the transport and deposition patterns. Simulated airborne tephra concentration and accumulated load were linked, respectively, to lidar backscatter intensity and radar reflectivity. Overall, results highlight the possibility of using such a high-resolution modelling-based methodology as a reliable complementary strategy to common approaches for retrieving tephra-related quantities from remote sensing data.

scholarly journals Tephra4D: A Python-Based Model for High-Resolution Tephra Transport and Deposition Simulations—Applications at Sakurajima Volcano, Japan

Atmosphere ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 331
Author(s):  
Kosei Takishita ◽  
Alexandros P. Poulidis ◽  
Masato Iguchi
Keyword(s):  
Scale Effects ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Particle Diameter ◽  
Terminal Velocity ◽  
Diameter Distribution ◽  
Velocity Variation ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Modified Model ◽  
Sakurajima Volcano ◽  
Ash Transport

Vulcanian eruptions (short-lived explosions consisting of a rising thermal) occur daily in volcanoes around the world. Such small-scale eruptions represent a challenge in numerical modeling due to local-scale effects, such as the volcano’s topography impact on atmospheric circulation and near-vent plume dynamics, that need to be accounted for. In an effort to improve the applicability of Tephra2, a commonly-used advection-diffusion model, in the case of vulcanian eruptions, a number of key modifications were carried out: (i) the ability to solve the equations over bending plume, (ii) temporally-evolving three-dimensional meteorological fields, (iii) the replacement of the particle diameter distribution with observed particle terminal velocity distribution which provides a simple way to account for the settling velocity variation due to particle shape and density. We verified the advantage of our modified model (Tephra4D) in the tephra dispersion from vulcanian eruptions by comparing the calculations and disdrometer observations of tephra sedimentation from four eruptions at Sakurajima volcano, Japan. The simulations of the eruptions show that Tephra4D is useful for eruptions in which small-scale movement contributes significantly to ash transport mainly due to the consideration for orographic winds in advection.

Network-Based Evaluation of the Infrasonic Source Location at Sakurajima Volcano, Japan

2014 ◽  
Vol 85 (6) ◽  
pp. 1200-1211 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. McKee ◽  
D. Fee ◽  
C. Rowell ◽  
A. Yokoo
Keyword(s):  
Source Location ◽  
Sakurajima Volcano
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