scholarly journals A climatological morphology of ionospheric disturbances at high and polar latitudes

2016 ◽  
Vol 58 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dimitris N. Fotiadis ◽  
Sotiria D. Matta ◽  
Stamatis S. Kouris
Keyword(s):  
Present Model ◽  
Time Window ◽  
Solar Cycles ◽  
Time Intervals ◽  
F Region ◽  
Current State ◽  
Characteristic Features ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Region Plasma ◽  
Selection Of

<p>After a historical introduction on the first well-documented observations of ionospheric phenomena and a review of the current, state-of-the art polar ionospheric studies, a climatological morphology of the irregular F-region plasma structures at high and polar latitudes is being presented, following a feature-aided pattern recognition method. Using the available in three solar cycles hourly <em>f</em><sub>o</sub>F2 data from 18 ionosonde stations, an ionospheric definition of disturbed conditions, independent of any causative mechanism, is being applied and positive/negative disturbances of duration smaller than 24 hours are sorted out. No latitudinal/longitudinal bins or seasons are defined and disturbances in each month and station are handled separately while four local time intervals of storm commencement are considered, according to solar zenith angle. A median profile per disturbance is produced only when a minimum occurrence probability is satisfied. Non-systematic features are excluded from this analysis by careful selection of the time window under morphological investigation. First, the median profiles of disturbance patterns are fitted to standard distributions and then, if they fail, they are grouped according to their major characteristic features and are described by a dynamic variation envelope along with their distribution in space and time. The present model, while being a non-conditional stand-alone model of ionospheric storms at high and polar latitudes offered to radio users, may complement existing empirical models. Finally, the present model may ultimately reveal cause-effect relationships with geomagnetic field or interplanetary parameters after further correlation studies undertaken in the future.</p>

scholarly journals The Evaluation of Agricultural Land Use Sustainability in the Post-Socialist Camp Countries: Methodological and Practical Aspects

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 59-78
Author(s):  
Olena Kotykova ◽  
Mykola Babych
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Sustainable Use ◽  
Correct Selection ◽  
Agricultural Land Use ◽  
Current State ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Given ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Integral Indicator

An effective implementation of the sustainable use of agricultural land program is impossible without reliable results of the current state of the problem. In this sense, the correct selection of indicators and methods for determining the level of stability is important. The authors proposes the definition of the agricultural land use sustainability integral indicator based on three methodological approaches: the construction of the indicators system, each of them reflects some aspects of the land use sustainability at the macro level (according to the specific issues); the construction of the integral indicator for comparing the countries’ land use sustainability. According to the given methods it has been proved that agricultural land use in the countries of the post-socialist camp has a positive dynamics, but the sustainability indicators for all indicators have not achieved yet. This study was supported in part by the Erasmus SUPPA program – Jean Monnet Associations Application No 611556-EPP-1-2019-1-UA-EPPJMO-SUPPA.

scholarly journals AUDIT AS A FORM OF CONTROL OF THE STATE FINANCIAL INSPECTION OF UKRAINE

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (5) ◽  
pp. 31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ihor Bohdaniuk ◽  
Vladyslav Kolisnichenko ◽  
Olena Ustymenko
Keyword(s):  
The State ◽  
Structural Method ◽  
Legal Method ◽  
Optimal Functioning ◽  
Domestic Legislation ◽  
Analysis And Synthesis ◽  
General Scientific ◽  
Characteristic Features ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Selection Of

The aim of the article is to review the audit as a form of control of the State Financial Inspection of Ukraine and to analyse its forms and types. The subject of the study is the audit as a form of control of the State Financial Inspection of Ukraine. Research methodology. The research is based on the use of general scientific and specialscientific methods and techniques of scientific knowledge. The dialectical method made it possible to investigate the definition of the audit as a form of control of the State Financial Inspection of Ukraine and the procedure for its appointment. The comparative legal method was used in order to compare doctrinal approaches to this issue. Interpretation of the content of normative legal acts of domestic legislation was carried out with the help of the normative-dogmatic method. These acts regulate the problem of appointment and conduction of the audit. The system-structural method was used for the study of the audit institution as a whole (system) with the coordinated functioning of all its elements. Methods of analysis and synthesis helped to study some parts of this institute to formulate further conclusions about its most optimal functioning. Practical impact. The analysis of types of audits, as well as their characteristic features, helped to develop recommendations for improving the procedure for conducting audits by the State Financial Inspection of Ukraine, as well as to identify problematic issues that require further consideration and research. Correlation/originality. In the research, there was made a proposal about audits, which are carried out by the State Financial Inspection of Ukraine and its territorial bodies. The proposal was to make them a form of forecasting control. It was recommended to qualify the fact of prevention the officials of the controlling body from carrying out the audit, checking or not providing the necessary documents for audit and verification as an administrative offense. A special attention was paid to the timeliness of the selection of explanations from the involved persons during the detection of offenses.

scholarly journals Archaeology in Czechoslovakia: trends and approaches

Antiquity ◽  
1991 ◽  
Vol 65 (247) ◽  
pp. 306-307 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalie Venclová
Keyword(s):  
Eastern Europe ◽  
Special Section ◽  
The West ◽  
Archaeological Material ◽  
Current State ◽  
Geographical Position ◽  
English Speaking ◽  
State Of Research ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Selection Of

Whatever the journalist’s definition of eastern Europe might be (cf. S. Milisauskas in ANTIQUITY 64: 283], let us state, as introduction to this Special Section, that Czechoslovakia (FIGURE 1) is a country in Central, not Eastern, Europe. It is somewhat controversial to speak about its ‘return to Europe’, as some politicians would have it, as it has been there all the time. After the period of limited contacts of Czechoslovak archaeologists with their colleagues ‘in the West’ it is felt that now, in the changed (post-November-1989) situation, information on the current state of research, and especially on the approaches applied recently to the study of Czech and Slovak archaeological material (and perhaps on Czechoslovakia's geographical position as well?) may be of use for an interested English-speaking reader. The following – rather random – selection of articles is the result.

scholarly journals TO THE QUESTION OF ACCESSORIES OF JUDICIAL EXAMINATION TO INVESTIGATIVE ACTIONS

2019 ◽  
pp. 58-68
Author(s):  
I. Pyrih
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Procedure ◽  
Criminal Proceedings ◽  
Procedural Law ◽  
Forensic Examination ◽  
Preparatory Stage ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Characteristic Features ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Selection Of

The article deals with problematic issues related to the norms of criminal procedure legislation, considering the involvement of an expert as an investigative action. Among criminal scientists and proceduralists there is no consensus on the procedural definition of forensic examination. Most of them include forensics to investigative actions. By the definition of a forensic examination, it is clear that an integral feature of a procedural action is to conduct it exclusively by officials of state bodies authorized by law to conduct criminal proceedings. These include: employees of the operational units, an investigator, a prosecutor, a judge. The subject of the examination is an expert – a person not authorized by law to conduct investigative actions. That is why, in our opinion, it is impossible to refer an examination to investigative actions. Proponents of referring a forensic examination to investigative actions most often mean it as «the appointment and conduct of a forensic examination». It is argued that actions regarding the appointment and conduct of the examination are different in nature and subjects of conduct. If we consider the stage of appointment of the examination, and for the current Criminal Procedure Code of Ukraine – the involvement of an expert, then its subject is the investigator. The subject of the examination is an expert. Considering the characteristic features of the investigative action, it can be concluded that the stage of appointment of the examination or the involvement of an expert, which scientists consider as preparatory to the examination, has all the signs inherent in an independent investigative action. It is governed by the rules of procedural law, carried out in the framework of criminal proceedings, authorized by the person. When an expert is involved, the investigator conducts certain actions, the result of which is reflected in the ruling of the investigating judge. The purpose of the examination is to obtain, research and verify evidence. Considering the involvement of an expert as a separate investigative action, we define its content, divided into generally accepted stages: preparatory, working and final. To the preparatory stage, we include such actions: the decision to conduct an examination; selection of an expert institution or a private expert; determination of the type of examination and subject of study; determining the order of appointment of examinations in relation to the same objects; timing of appointment examination. The following should be attributed to the working stage: selection of objects for examination; receipt of the decision of the investigating judge for the examination. The final stage consists of the following stages: determining the circle of persons who may be present during the examination; referrals and necessary materials to the expert institution. Key words: investigative (search) action, forensic examination, appointment of expertise, involvement of an expert.

scholarly journals Flare-Like Ultraviolet Spectra of Active Regions

1975 ◽  
Vol 68 ◽  
pp. 105-107 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. E. Brueckner
Keyword(s):  
Transition Zone ◽  
Broad Band ◽  
Active Regions ◽  
Uv Spectra ◽  
Strong Line ◽  
Time Intervals ◽  
Small Areas ◽  
Characteristic Features ◽  
Short Time ◽  
Selection Of

SummarySome characteristic features of UV spectra which can be seen in flares (Brueckner, this Symposium, p. 135) can also be detected in active regions without the presence of typical other flare phenomena like X-ray enhancement. Another distinct difference between these ‘flare-like’ spectra and flare spectra is the absence of very high temperature ions like Fe XXI in the ‘flare-like’ spectra. They occur in small areas and can be detected as ‘fluctuating Hα bright points’ in broad band Hα. Simultaneously, a strong UV brightening can be seen. As reported by the Skylab crews, these brightenings occur more frequently and quasi-periodic prior to flares. Their spectra show the very broad transition zone lines and often strong line shifts toward the blue or red. Figure 1 shows a selection of typical spectra. One notices a very asymmetric Lα profile in one case. Spectra prior to, during, and after a flare are reproduced in Figure 2. One recognizes that the transition zone instability started intermittently prior to the flare and could be seen during short time intervals long after the flare had ceased.

scholarly journals The Effect of Physical Activity on Executive Function: A Brief Commentary on Definitions, Measurement Issues, and the Current State of the Literature

2009 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 469-483 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer L. Etnier ◽  
Yu-Kai Chang
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Executive Function ◽  
Effect Sizes ◽  
Clear Definition ◽  
Measurement Issues ◽  
Extant Literature ◽  
Current State ◽  
Research Questions ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Selection Of

The purpose of the present commentary is to introduce relevant issues with respect to the measurement of executive function in physical activity studies. Suggested definitions of executive function are introduced, and executive function tasks that are commonly used in the neuropsychological literature are presented and briefly described. The extant literature on physical activity and cognition is discussed, and issues relative to the limitations of this body of literature are raised. In summary, research on the effect of physical activity on executive function is still in its infancy. We encourage researchers in this field to provide a clear definition of executive function, to carefully consider the relevance of published effect sizes to their own research questions, and to consider either providing a logical rationale for their selection of particular executive function measures or to use multiple measures of executive function when exploring relationships between physical activity and executive function.

Selection and Preparation of Specific Tissue Regions For Tem Using Large Epoxy-Embedded Blocks

1973 ◽  
Vol 31 ◽  
pp. 324-325 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. M. Lowrie ◽  
W. S. Tyler
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Anatomical Structures ◽  
Ultrastructural Studies ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Microscopic Evaluation ◽  
Embedded Blocks ◽  
Specific Tissue ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Areas Of Interest ◽  
Selection Of

The importance of examining stained 1 to 2μ plastic sections by light microscopy has long been recognized, both for increased definition of many histologic features and for selection of specimen samples to be used in ultrastructural studies. Selection of specimens with specific orien ation relative to anatomical structures becomes of critical importance in ultrastructural investigations of organs such as the lung. The uantity of blocks necessary to locate special areas of interest by random sampling is large, however, and the method is lacking in precision. Several methods have been described for selection of specific areas for electron microscopy using light microscopic evaluation of paraffin, epoxy-infiltrated, or epoxy-embedded large blocks from which thick sections were cut. Selected areas from these thick sections were subsequently removed and re-embedded or attached to blank precasted blocks and resectioned for transmission electron microscopy (TEM).

COMPETENCE APPROACH IN EUROPEAN PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION: ESSENCE AND DEVELOPMENT TRENDS (ARCHETYPAL ASPECT)

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (14) ◽  
pp. 132-143
Author(s):  
Martha Ivanivna Karpa
Keyword(s):  
Public Administration ◽  
Good Governance ◽  
Public Institutions ◽  
Public Authorities ◽  
European Public ◽  
Territorial Organization ◽  
Characteristic Features ◽  
State And Local ◽  
Main Components ◽  
Definition Of

The article reveals the main features of the competence approach in the practice of European public administration. The features of the competence approach in public administration are determined on the basis of analysis of the basic concepts of public administration. In the dynamics of the formation and development of popular theories of interaction between state and local authorities, such as the theory of a free community, community (public) and public and state (the theory of municipal dualism), we can trace a number of characteristic features of a competency approach, which manifests itself both through the general theoretical relations and manifestations, and through the practice of coexistence of public authorities. There is a problem of definition and distribution of public functions as a prerequisite for defining and shaping the competences of public institutions. An important issue in the context of a competent approach is the institutional consolidation of functions in the context of the existence of the basic models of territorial organization of power. In each of the varieties of the Governance concept (Responsive Governance concept, Democratic Governance concept, Good Governance concept), the specifics of the use of competencies are defined. The archetypal symbols in the European public administration are singled out using the analysis of competence in public administration in its main constituents. A brief description of the archetypal aspect of European public administration is given. The main components of competence are shown in connection with the existing archetypal symbols and the characteristic trends of their development. Their connection is shown according to the scheme “the entity component (who?) — the object component (what?) — the administrative component (how?) — the basis (in what environment?)”. Concerning the trends of development of a competence approach in the context of practice and theory of public administration, it is determined that modern concepts of public administration are characterized by shifting the balance between state and public institutions to the sphere of common goals and tasks, and thus responsibility. The joint activity of all subjects of society requires new forms of cooperation, definition of the spheres and subjects of each entity’s activity for effective cooperation, distribution of functions and competences of the entities, formation and consolidation of their status characteristics.

Biomarkers of Acromegaly and Growth Hormone Action

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (12) ◽  
pp. 1231-1245
Author(s):  
Filippo Maffezzoni ◽  
Teresa Porcelli ◽  
Andrea Delbarba ◽  
Letizia Pezzaioli ◽  
Carlo Cappelli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Biological Markers ◽  
Clinical Care ◽  
Hormone Deficiency ◽  
Surrogate Outcomes ◽  
Current State ◽  
Growth Hormone Action ◽  
Igf I ◽  
Definition Of

: Biological markers (biomarkers) play a key role in drug development, regulatory approval and clinical care of patients and are linked to clinical and surrogate outcomes. : Both acromegaly and Growth Hormone Deficiency (GHD) are pathological conditions related to important comorbidities that, in addition to having stringent diagnostic criteria, require valid markers for the definition of treatment, treatment monitoring and follow-up. GH and insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) are the main biomarkers of GH action in children and adults while, in acromegaly, both GH and IGF-I are established biomarkers of disease activity. : However, although GH and IGF-I are widely validated biomarkers of GHD and acromegaly, their role is not completely exhaustive or suitable for clinical classification and follow-up. Therefore, new biological markers for acromegaly and GH replacement therapy are strongly needed. : The aim of this paper is to review and summarize the current state in the field pointing out new potential biomarkers for acromegaly and GH use/abuse.

What Is A Chemical Element?

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Periodic Table ◽  
Chemical Element ◽  
Abstract Concept ◽  
International Union ◽  
Applied Chemistry ◽  
Educational Levels ◽  
Unique Position ◽  
Current State ◽  
Element Carbon ◽  
Definition Of

The term “element” is typically used in two distinct senses. First it is taken to mean isolated simple substances such as the green gas chlorine or the yellow solid sulphur. In some languages, including English, it is also used to denote an underlying abstract concept that subsumes simple substances but possesses no properties as such. The allotropes and isotopes of carbon, for example, all represent elements in the sense of simple substances. However, the unique position for the element carbon in the periodic table refers to the abstract sense of “element.” The dual definition of elements proposed by the International Union for Pure and Applied Chemistry contrasts an abstract meaning and an operational one. Nevertheless, the philosophical aspects of this notion are not fully captured by the IUPAC definition, despite the fact that they were crucial for the construction of the periodic table. This pivotal chemical notion remains ambiguous and such ambiguity raises problems at the epistemic, logical, and educational levels. These aspects are discussed throughout the book, from different perspectives. This collective book provides an overview of the current state of the debate on the notion of chemical element. Its authors are historians of chemistry, philosophers of chemistry, and chemists with epistemological and educational concerns.

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