The 1638 earthquakes, migratory phenomena and geolinguistic consequences in Calabria

1995 ◽  
Vol 38 (5-6) ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Chiodo ◽  
I. Guerra ◽  
J. Trumper
Keyword(s):  
Urban Communities ◽  
Seismic Event ◽  
Southern Italy ◽  
Middle Eastern ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Historical Sources ◽  
Epicentral Area ◽  
Damage Area ◽  
Cultural Status ◽  
Historical Times

Two disastrous earthquakes occurred in Calabria (Southern Italy) in 1638: on March 27th the first one had a destructive damage area on the Tyrrheniail side of Mid-Calabria. the second one hit the east side of the same region on June 9th. In historical times they are the most intensive seismic events in their respective epicentral areas. so that the reconstruction of their effects is very important for the analysis and assessment of seismic risk. They strongly influenced, moreover, the development of the economy and socio-cultural status of many urban communities. A study of these shocks has been carried out and has implied a thorough re-evaluation of the historical sources of information already known and the exploitation of possible new sources. The two macroseismic fields have been reconstructed: in particular that of the second seismic event, the strongest one in its epicentral area. stimulates a thorough revision of the seismotectonics of the Middle-eastern Calabria. Moreover the reconstruction of the historical facts accompanying and following the earthquakes has furnished elements that help to explain observed anomalies in the spatial distribution of Calabrian dialect phenomena.

scholarly journals Macroseismic intensity investigation of the November 2014, M=5.7, Vrancea (Romania) crustal earthquake

2016 ◽  
Vol 59 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Angela Petruta Constantin ◽  
Iren Adelina Moldovan ◽  
Andreea Craiu ◽  
Mircea Radulian ◽  
Constantin Ionescu
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Event ◽  
Main Shock ◽  
Focal Depth ◽  
Earthquake Occurrence ◽  
Epicentral Area ◽  
Ground Shaking ◽  
Crustal Earthquake ◽  
Historical Times ◽  
Vrancea Seismogenic Region ◽  
North Latitude

On November 22, 2014 at 21:14:17 local hour (19:14:17 GMT) a  M<sub>L</sub>=5.7 crustal earthquake occurred in the area of Marasesti city of Vrancea county (Romania) - the epicenter was located at north latitude 45.87° and east longitude 27.16°, with a focal depth of 39 km. This earthquake is the main shock of a sequence that started with this and lasted until the end of January. During the sequence, characterized by the absence of foreshocks, a number of 75 earthquakes were recorded in 72 hours, the largest of which occurred in the same day with the main shock, at 22:30 (M<sub>L</sub>= 3.1). The crustal seismicity of Vrancea seismogenic region is characterized by moderate earthquakes with magnitudes that have not exceeded M<sub>W</sub> 5.9, this value being assigned to an earthquake that occurred in historical times on March 1, 1894 (Romplus catalogue). Immediately after the 2014 earthquake occurrence, the National Institute for Earth Physics (NIEP) sent macroseismic questionnaires in all affected areas, in order to define the macroseismic field of ground shaking. According to macroseismic questionnaires survey, the intensity of epicentral area reached VI MSK, and the seismic event was felt in all the extra-Carpathian area. This earthquake caused general panic and minor to moderate damage to the buildings in the epicentral area and the northeast part of country. The main purpose of this paper is to present the macroseismic map of the earthquake based on the MSK-64 intensity scale.

It’s Not Just Academic—Writing Public Scholarship in Middle Eastern and Islamic Studies

2011 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 164-171
Author(s):  
Carl W. Ernst
Keyword(s):  
Academic Success ◽  
Academic Writing ◽  
American Culture ◽  
Middle Eastern ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
The Real ◽  
The Public ◽  
Islamic Studies ◽  
Public Scholarship ◽  
Middle Eastern Studies

Everyone knows that the work of scholars in America is often considered to be irrelevant to the real issues of life. According to the mild anti-intellectualism that seems to be an endemic feature of American culture, anything that is “academic” is automatically impractical, complex, and impenetrable—in short, it is bad. This is a little hard for professors to live with; no one likes being called a pointy-headed intellectual or an egghead. The very skills and specializations that are the keys to academic success can be seen by the public as defects that remove scholars from the sphere of ordinary existence and disqualify their pronouncements. Here I would like to argue that the gap between academics and an unappreciative public is in good part a function of the language and style of communication that scholars commonly practice in all fields. But if in fact there are large segments of the public who are keenly interested in issues relating to subjects like Middle Eastern studies, or the study of Islam, it should be possible for academics to communicate the results of their labor in clear and meaningful ways. If qualified scholars do not respond to the demands of the public, we know what the alternative is: the public will remain content with the standard media sources of information and disinformation.

scholarly journals Technologies and new approaches used by the INGV EMERGEO Working Group for real-time data sourcing and processing during the Emilia Romagna (northern Italy) 2012 earthquake sequence

2012 ◽  
Vol 55 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Giuliana Alessio ◽  
Laura Alfonsi ◽  
Carlo Alberto Brunori ◽  
Pierfrancesco Burrato ◽  
Giuseppe Casula ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Event ◽  
Main Shock ◽  
Northern Italy ◽  
Earthquake Activity ◽  
Seismic Sequence ◽  
Time Data ◽  
Broad Area ◽  
Epicentral Area ◽  
Po Plain ◽  
Real Time Data

<p>On May 20, 2012, a Ml 5.9 seismic event hit the Emilia Po Plain, triggering intense earthquake activity along a broad area of the Po Plain across the provinces of Modena, Ferrara, Rovigo and Mantova (Figure 1). Nine days later, on May 29, 2012, a Ml 5.8 event occurred roughly 10 km to the SW of the first main shock. These events caused widespread damage and resulted in 26 victims. The aftershock area extended over more than 50 km and was elongated in the WNW-ESE direction, and it included five major aftershocks with 5.1 ≤Ml ≤5.3, and more than 2000 minor events (Figure 1). In general, the seismic sequence was confined to the upper 10 km of the crust. Minor seismicity with depths ranging from 10 km to 30 km extended towards the southern sector of the epicentral area (ISIDe, http://iside.rm.ingv.it/). […]</p><br />

scholarly journals A revision of the 1783–1784 Calabrian (southern Italy) tsunamis

2006 ◽  
Vol 6 (6) ◽  
pp. 1053-1060 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Graziani ◽  
A. Maramai ◽  
S. Tinti
Keyword(s):  
Southern Italy ◽  
Short Interval ◽  
Large Earthquake ◽  
Historical Sources ◽  
Strong Earthquakes ◽  
The Third ◽  
A Minor ◽  
The Mediterranean Basin ◽  
Seismic Crisis ◽  
Values Distribution

Abstract. Southern Italy is one of the most tsunamigenic areas in the Mediterranean basin, having experienced during centuries a large number of tsunamis, some of which very destructive. In particular, the most exposed zone here is the Messina Straits separating the coasts of Calabria and Sicily that was the theatre of the strongest Italian events. In 1783–1785 Calabria was shaken by the most violent and persistent seismic crisis occurred in the last 2000 years. Five very strong earthquakes, followed by tsunamis, occurred in a short interval of time (February–March 1783), causing destruction and a lot of victims in a vast region embracing the whole southern Calabria and the Messina area, Sicily. In this study we re-examined these events by taking into account all available historical sources. In particular, we focussed on the 5 and 6 February 1783 tsunamis, that were the most destructive. As regards the 5 February event, we found that it was underestimated and erroneously considered a minor event. On the contrary, the analysis of the sources revealed that in some localities the tsunami effects were quite strong. The 6 February tsunami, the strongest one of the sequence, was due to a huge earthquake-induced rockfall and killed more than 1500 people in the Calabrian village of Scilla. For this event the inundated area and the runup values distribution were estimated. Further, the analysis of the historical sources allowed us to find three new tsunamis that passed previously unnoticed and that occurred during this seismic period. The first one occurred a few hours before the large earthquake of 5 February 1783. The second was generated by a rockfall on 24 March 1783. Finally, the third occurred on 9 January 1784, probably due to a submarine earthquake.

scholarly journals Didactic Perspectives on the Interpretation of Historical Sources in Schools

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 433-443
Author(s):  
Roger Jesús Echevarría Gonzales Gonzales ◽  
Dra. Doris Fuster-Guillén ◽  
Yessenia Karina Rosell Garay ◽  
Hugo Walter Maldonado Leyva ◽  
Carlos Augusto Luy-Montejo
Keyword(s):  
Historical Thinking ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Historical Sources ◽  
Comprehensive Overview ◽  
History Teaching ◽  
Bibliographic Analysis ◽  
Main Research ◽  
Research Problems ◽  
Historical Education ◽  
The Subject

The purpose of this article is to offer a clear and concise overview of the didactic perspectives on the interpretation of historical sources that have been developed in recent years. To this end, we have considered it appropriate to dedicate a few paragraphs to the problems of current historical education and to the proposals that seek to remedy this situation. Likewise, we have specified the scope of historical thinking in history teaching and presented the main research associated with it. The exposition of these details has served as a preamble to the central development of the topic. In the main section, we have presented the treatment of historical sources as a methodological process, intimately related to their interpretation, which accounts for the skills and abilities that the student must develop for the satisfaction of historical research problems. As conclusions we emphasize the importance of the use of historical sources in the disciplinary and methodological understanding of the subject by the students. Finally, regarding the methodology used for the elaboration of this work, we have resorted to the bibliographic analysis of various sources of information, including theses, research articles and books, in order to provide a comprehensive overview of the topic we have proposed to investigate.

scholarly journals The Pattern of Islamic Moderate Movement in Java under Political Fluctuations in Early 20th Century

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 47-60
Author(s):  
Nostalgiawan Wahyudhi
Keyword(s):  
Urban Communities ◽  
Public Space ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Middle Eastern ◽  
The Political ◽  
Early 20Th Century ◽  
Dynamic Changes ◽  
Political Preferences ◽  
Ethical Policy ◽  
Colonial Government

The previous studies of Islamization in Java follow a clear distinction of Priyayi-Abangan-Santri thesis, which was gradually developed and incompatible to capture the changing of political preferences of Javanese Muslims. This paper examines what kind of patterns formed on the dynamics of the Islamization process in Java under the influence of socio-political changes. The output of this paper is to show the pattern of Islamization process in Java under the political dynamic changes of Indonesian politics in the early twentieth century. The pattern of Islamization in Java was influenced by ethical policy, the transmission of Middle East Islam, and caused by the politization of Islam by the Colonial government. The ethical policy encouraged the creation of a public space for political contestations that determined the new identity of Indonesian elite. The transmission of Middle Eastern Islam triggered the polarization of Javanese Muslims into two patterns: the modernist Muslim strengthened the pattern of Priyayi-Santri in urban communities with Islamization through modern institutions. In this, the traditionalist Muslim also developed an intellectual genealogy through Pesantren networks scattered in the rural areas created the pattern of Santri-Abangan. Meanwhile the politization of Islam by Colonial government created a benefit to the unification of Islamic institutions.

scholarly journals BANDAR SUKABUMI IN THE BEGINNING OF THE 19TH CENTURY: THE ROLE OF POLITICAL AUTHORITY IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF RIVER-CITY IN KOTAWARINGIN REGION, SOUTHWESTERN KALIMANTAN

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 121-136
Author(s):  
Moh Ali Fadillah
Keyword(s):  
Urban Communities ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Capital City ◽  
Historical Sources ◽  
Early 19Th Century ◽  
River City ◽  
The Government ◽  
In The Beginning ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
Pragmatic Aspects

Kotawaringin is the name of a small kingdom founded in the first half of the 17th century, centered in Kotawaringin Lama on the upper reaches of Sungai Lamandau, in southwestern Kalimantan. In the early 19th century the royal capital was moved to Pangkalan Bun. The shift of the capital city is an important factor in the history of human geography as a cause of changes in demography and urbanization. This research aimed to find clarity about the agglomeration of river cities in terms of symbolic and pragmatic aspects. Such aspects include the origin, existence, reasons for shifting capital and the type of culture that underlies the function of Kotawaringin as a center of government and trade that grew during the early colonial period. The research used methods which were carried out by observing sites indicated as capitals and ports, combining it with studies of historical sources, as well as collecting physical evidence, including a number of symbolic objects associated with royal legitimacy. Results of contextual analysis provide a set of knowledge about the growth of river city as the implementation of the spatial planning policy of the government and the support of urban communities rooted in Malay culture. The Kingdom of Kotawaringin reached a peak of progress during the reign of Prince Ratu Imanuddin, after the capital was moved to Pangkalan Bun from Kotawaringin Lama. The location of the new capital is on the lower reaches of the Sungai Lamandau, precisely on the banks of the Sungai Arut, which was formerly called Bandar Sukabumi. Kotawaringin adalah nama sebuah kerajaan kecil yang didirikan pada paruh pertama abad ke-17 Masehi, berpusat di Kotawaringin Lama di kawasan hulu Sungai Lamandau, di barat daya Kalimantan. Pada awal abad ke-19 Masehi, ibukota kerajaan dipindahkan ke Pangkalan Bun. Pergeseran ibukota merupakan faktor penting dalam sejarah geografi manusia sebagai penyebab perubahan demografi dan urbanisasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kejelasan tentang aglomerasi kota sungai ditinjau dari aspek simbolik dan pragmatis. Aspek-aspek tersebut mencakup asal usul, keberadaan, alasan perpindahan ibukota dan jenis budaya yang mendasari fungsi Kotawaringin sebagai pusat pemerintahan dan perdagangan yang tumbuh pada masa kolonial awal. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode yang dilakukan dengan mengamati situs-situs yang diindikasikan sebagai ibukota dan pelabuhan, memadukannya dengan studi sumber-sumber sejarah, serta mengumpulkan bukti-bukti fisik, termasuk sejumlah benda simbolis yang terkait dengan legitimasi kerajaan. Hasil analisis kontekstual memberikan seperangkat pengetahuan tentang pertumbuhan kota sungai sebagai implementasi kebijakan perencanaan tata ruang pemerintah, dan dukungan masyarakat kota yang berakar pada budaya Melayu. Kerajaan Kotawaringin mencapai puncak kemajuan pada masa pemerintahan Pangeran Ratu Imanuddin, setelah ibu kota dipindahkan ke Pangkalan Bun dari Kotawaringin Lama. Lokasi ibu kota baru berada di bagian hilir Sungai Lamandau, tepatnya di tepi Sungai Arut yang dahulu dinamai Bandar Sukabumi.

scholarly journals Anomalous temperature changes in the UTLS region prior to the 2008 Nura Earthquake

2021 ◽  
Vol 333 ◽  
pp. 02013
Author(s):  
Leonid Sverdlik
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Event ◽  
Lower Stratosphere ◽  
Temperature Anomaly ◽  
Tien Shan ◽  
Anomalous Temperature ◽  
Epicentral Area ◽  
Temperature Changes ◽  
Upper Troposphere ◽  
Temporal And Spatial ◽  
Temperature Time

The paper presents results of retrospective analysis of satellite temperature time series above the epicentral area of the destructive Nura earthquake of M=6.7, occurred in a seismically active Tien-Shan region on October 5, 2008. An algorithm based on the use of a modified STA/LTA criterion has been developed for the purpose of selection and identification of perturbations associated with seismic activity. It has been established that an explicit mesoscale temperature anomaly in the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere (UTLS) was observed during the period from October 1 to 3, 2008. Temporal and spatial distributions of the temperature perturbations consistently appeared at various UTLS levels suggest probable association with seismic event preparation.

Could What You Don’t Know Hurt You? Information Asymmetry in Land Markets in Late Antiquity

2010 ◽  
pp. 181-194
Author(s):  
P.V. (Meylekh) Viswanath ◽  
Michael Szenberg
Keyword(s):  
Information Asymmetry ◽  
Late Antiquity ◽  
Trading Volume ◽  
Middle Eastern ◽  
Second Century ◽  
Reasonable Assumption ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Future Work ◽  
Common Era ◽  
Roman Palestine

Jewish legal texts are important sources of information on Middle Eastern economies in the early centuries of the Common Era (ce). This article focuses on the Rashi’s explanation of seasonality and trading volume fluctuations of land prices, as discussed in tractate Bava Kamma of the Babylonian Talmud (Roman Palestine). Although the text itself was redacted in Babylonia, it is largely a commentary on the Mishnah, an earlier text redacted in Roman Palestine toward the end of the second-century ce. It may be argued that information asymmetry is a reasonable assumption in a firm, where the activities of the managers are not easily observable. It might even be reasonable in the case of land with multiple uses. The evidence of the Talmud indicates that information asymmetry can considerably depress the prices of assets and affect the liquidity of markets. This indicates the importance of attempts to reduce information asymmetry. Future work on market frictions in antiquity might consider other examples of information asymmetry in the agricultural economies discussed in the Babylonian and Jerusalem Talmuds.

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