scholarly journals Local seismic cultures: a European research program for the protection of traditional housing stock

1995 ◽  
Vol 38 (5-6) ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Helly
Keyword(s):  
Research Program ◽  
Seismic Risk ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Housing Stock ◽  
Multidisciplinary Research ◽  
Research Activity ◽  
Know How ◽  
Risk Areas ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Source Of Information

The research activity of the Ravello European Center for Cultural Heritage in seismic risk areas is part of the Council of Europe's Major Risks EUR-OPA agreement. The program aims to identify traditional antiseismic building techniques. with a view to subsequent revitalization, tapping know-how within the local community. This requires analysis of the techniques and methods that have developed over the years in local communities. The multidisciplinary research program set up for this purpose has adopted the archeological approach. thereby recognizing that physical and inaterial assets provide a key source of information.

scholarly journals Public Penance of Heretics: its Forms and Functions

2019 ◽  
Vol 66 (2 SELECTED PAPERS IN ENGLISH) ◽  
pp. 57-77
Author(s):  
Paweł Kras
Keyword(s):  
Canon Law ◽  
Late Antiquity ◽  
Local Community ◽  
The Public ◽  
Early Christian ◽  
Moral Conduct ◽  
Medieval Church ◽  
Polish Version ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Source Of Information

The Polish version of the article was published in “Roczniki Humanistyczne,” vol. 59 (2011), issue 2. The article discusses the origins of public penance for heresy in the early Christian tradition as well as examining its application in the penitential practice of the medieval Church. It demonstrates how public penance for mortal sins, which took shape in Late Antiquity, was later adopted and developed within the system of Medieval Inquisition. In the medieval collections of canon law, heresy was qualified as a religious crime which required special public penance. Following the guidelines set up in the ancient Church, any heretic who declared his or her intention to renounce their wrongs was to be interrogated by a bishop, who would grant them absolution of sins and prescribed due penance. An important aspect of penance for heresy was public solemn penitence, which took place on Sundays and feast days and included a number of rituals. The penitent heretic had to appear in a special garment with his or her hair cut off and barefoot. The ritual of solemn public penitence for mortal sins was formed in Late Antiquity and as such was later incorporated into medieval pontificals. The rise of Medieval Inquisition, which was used as an efficient weapon against popular heresy, stimulated the development of penitential discipline for heretics. Papal Inquisitors, who came to be appointed as extraordinary judges in heresy trials since the 1230s, were particularly inventive in the way how public penance might be employed to fight heretics. Medieval registers of heresy trials, carried out by Papal Inquisitors and bishops, are still the main source of information about penalties imposed on heretics who were sentenced for their errors. The public announcement of a sentence and penalty was the final act of the inquisitorial procedure. The charter of penalties (littera penitentialis), which was first read publicly and later handed over to the penitent heretic, listed various forms of penitence which he had to fulfil. In the inquisitorial strategy of penance, which started to be used in the first half of the thirteenth century, a solemn public penitence of heretics became  commonplace. The inquisitorial registers and manuals for inquisitors described in detail the ritual of public penance and its functions. The penance imposed on heretics offered them a chance to repent publicly for their public crimes and to give satisfaction to society which had been disturbed by their deeds. That is why solemn public penance usually took place in a cathedral or central market square on feast days to be attended and witnessed by the local community. Through his special appearance and penitential garment with two cross signs, the heretic was highly visible and could not be anonymous. The whole society was responsible for supervising the penance of heretics and controlling their religious and moral conduct. Any act of religious transgression or misconduct was to be reported to the ecclesiastical authorities. Of course, public penitence was aimed at teaching a lesson to all the faithful and preventing them from falling into heresy.

Probabilistic Assessment of Reliability and Risk Values by Certification Results

2020 ◽  
pp. 52-67
Author(s):  
Vladimir A. Lapin ◽  
Erken S. Aldakhov ◽  
S. D. Aldakhov ◽  
A. B. Ali
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Risk ◽  
Housing Stock ◽  
Seismic Resistance ◽  
Probabilistic Assessment ◽  
Quantitative Estimates ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Reduce Risk ◽  
First Time ◽  
Structural Solutions ◽  
Practical Recommendations

For the first time in Almaty full passport of apartment stock of multiapartment building was carried out. The structure of the housing stock was revealed with the allocation of groups of buildings according to structural solutions and assessment of their seismic resistance. Based on the results of certification, quantitative estimates of failure probability values for different types of buildings were obtained. Formulas for estimation of quantitative value of seismic risk are obtained. The number of deaths in the estimated zem-shakes was estimated. The results of the assessments will be used for practical recommendations to reduce risk and expected losses in possible earthquakes.

Proactive Actions Based on a Resilient Approach to Urban Seismic Risk Mitigation

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 321-335
Author(s):  
Marco Vona
Keyword(s):  
Urban Planning ◽  
Emergency Management ◽  
Seismic Risk ◽  
Risk Mitigation ◽  
Housing Stock ◽  
Mitigation Strategies ◽  
Housing System ◽  
Management Tools ◽  
Natural Risk ◽  
Seismic Risk Mitigation

Background: Seismic risk mitigation is an important issue in earthquake-prone countries, and needs to be solved in those complex communities governed by complex processes, where urban planning, socioeconomic dynamics, and, often, the need to preserve cultural assets are present simultaneously. In recent years, due to limited financial resources, mitigation activities have often been limited to post-earthquake events, and only a few in periods of inactivity, particularly in urban planning. At this point, a significant change in point of view is necessary. Methods: The seismic risk mitigation (and more generally, natural risk mitigation) must be considered as the main topic in urban planning and in the governance of communities. In fact, in several recent earthquakes, significant socioeconomic losses have been caused by the low or lack of resilience of the communities. This is mainly due to the high vulnerability of private buildings, in particular, housing units. Results: Therefore, in recent years, several studies have been conducted on the seismic resilience of communities. However, significant improvements are still needed for the resilience assessment of the housing stock, both qualitatively and quantitatively. In this study, which is applied to the housing system, a proposal regarding a change in urban planning and emergency management tools based on the concept of resilience is reported. As a first application, a case study in Italy is considered. Conclusion: The proposal is focused on defining and quantifying the improvement of the resilience of the communities and this must be obtained by modifying the current Civil Protection plan. New tools are based on a new resilience community plan by encompassing urban planning tools, resilient mitigation strategies, and consequently, emergency management planning.

Socioeconomic Clustering in Seismic Risk Assessment of Urban Housing Stock

2009 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 619-641 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. S.R. Prasad ◽  
Yogendra Singh ◽  
Amir M. Kaynia ◽  
Conrad Lindholm
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Seismic Risk ◽  
Model Building ◽  
Housing Stock ◽  
Indian Subcontinent ◽  
Sample Survey ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Urban Habitat ◽  
Building Stock ◽  
Seismic Risk Assessment

A seismic risk assessment methodology based on socioeconomic clustering of urban habitat is presented in this paper. In this methodology, the city is divided into different housing clusters based on socioeconomic level of occupants, representing reasonably uniform seismic risk. It makes an efficient utilization of high resolution satellite data and stratified random sample survey to develop the building stock database. Ten different classes of socioeconomic clusters found in Indian cities are defined and 34 model building types (MBTs) prevalent on the Indian subcontinent have been identified and compared with the Medvedev-Sponheuer-Karnik (MSK) scale, European macroseismic scale (EMS), parameterless scale of seismic intensity (PSI), and HAZUS classifications. Lower and upper bound damage probability matrices (DPMs) are estimated, based on the MSK and EMS intensity scales and experience from past earthquakes in India. A case study of Dehradun, a city in the foothills of Himalayas, is presented. The risk estimates using the estimated DPMs have been compared with those obtained using the PSI scale. It has been observed that poorer people are subjected to higher seismic risk, both in terms of casualties and in terms of percent economic losses.

scholarly journals François Bon's Pseudo-Translated Writing Handbook: The Curious Case of Malt Olbren's The Creative Writing No-Guide

2018 ◽  
Vol 57 (1) ◽  
pp. 64-80
Author(s):  
Gert-Jan Meyntjens
Keyword(s):  
Creative Writing ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Digital Version ◽  
Know How ◽  
Digital Format ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Writing Tools ◽  
Richard Sennett

This article investigates the case of François Bon's pseudo-translation of Malt Olbren's The Creative Writing No-Guide (2013). If Bon believes that the making public of writing atelier practices is crucial, then why does he share his know-how by means of a pseudo-translation? Moreover, why does he limit himself to a digital version? I will first argue that Bon's choice for the digital format not only fits within his general move towards the Internet, but also has to do with the audience he targets. Then, I will show how The Creative Writing No-Guide's set-up as a pseudo-translation permits Bon not only to criticize more conventional handbooks through means of parody, but also to transmit writing tools successfully by means of what sociologist Richard Sennett calls expressive instructions.

scholarly journals Fifteen Challenges in Establishing a Multidisciplinary Research Program on eHealth Research in a University Setting: A Case Study

2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (5) ◽  
pp. e173 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helena Grönqvist ◽  
Erik Martin Gustaf Olsson ◽  
Birgitta Johansson ◽  
Claes Held ◽  
Jonas Sjöström ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Research Program ◽  
Multidisciplinary Research ◽  
University Setting

scholarly journals Community Governance and Civil Society: An Examination of the Purpose, Intent and Structure of Residents' Groups in New Zealand

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Jarrod Coburn
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
News Media ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Political Activity ◽  
Health Board ◽  
District Health ◽  
Community Governance ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Civil Defence ◽  
Charitable Activities

<p>Residents’ groups have been in existence in New Zealand for almost 150 years yet very little is known about them. The collection of residents’, ratepayers’ and progressive associations, community councils, neighbourhood committees and the like make up a part of the community governance sector that numbers over a thousand-strong. These groups are featured prominently in our news media, are active in local government affairs and expend many thousands of volunteer hours every year in their work in communities… but what exactly is that work? From the literature we see these groups can be a source of local community knowledge (Kass et al., 2009), a platform for political activity (Deegan, 2002), critical of government (Fullerton, 2005) or help maintain government transparency and accountability (Mcclymont and O'Hare, 2008). They are sometimes part of the establishment too (Wai, 2008) and are often heard promoting the interests of local people (Slater, 2004). Residents’ groups can be set up to represent the interests of a specific demographic group (Seng, 2007) or focus on protecting or promoting a sense of place (Kushner and Siegel, 2003) or physical environment (Savova, 2009). Some groups undertake charitable activities (Turkstra, 2008) or even act in a negative manner that can impact on the community (Horton, 1996). This research examines 582 New Zealand organisations to derive a set of purposes that residents’ groups perform and ascertains how their purposes differ between geo-social and political locality and over three distinct eras of community development. The thesis also examines the relationship between residents’ groups and councillors, council officers, district health board members and civil defence and seeks to uncover if the level of engagement (if any) has an affect on their overall raison d’etre. The research concludes with a typology of New Zealand residents’ groups along with the key purposes of each type.</p>

scholarly journals A STUDY ON THE CHARACTERISTICS OF MR. WILLY WONKA THAT SET UP THE STAGES OF THE GOLDEN TICKET CHILDREN IN ROALD DAHL'S CHARLIE AND CHOCOLATE FACTORY

Lexicon ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bawono Sudewo ◽  
Aris Munandar
Keyword(s):  
Present Writer ◽  
Know How ◽  
Good Action ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Chocolate Factory ◽  
The Mind

The goal of this graduating paper is to know how the unconsciousness minds and habits linking to each other. It discusses the mind that triggers characters behavior in the Charlie and Chocolate Factory. The writer focuses on the children who get the golden tickets and the owner of the Chocolate Factory (Mr. Willy Wonka).According to Willbur S Scott with his Psychoanalysis Theory on Fictitious Characters, he stated that we can look further about the pattern which motivates the character to express something. It helps the present writer to analyze deeper, by identifying the showed which were done by the children in Roald Dahl’s Charlie and Chocolate Factory.After carying out the research, it shows that their (the five lucky children and Mr. Willy Wonka) subconscious mind triggers bad action which expelled the children from the chocolate factory and good action which made Charlie the champion.

STRATEGIES FOR DEVELOPING THE SOCIAL ASSISTANCE SYSTEM FOR THE ELDERLY IN IAŞI

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Luminița MUNTEANU
Keyword(s):  
Social Services ◽  
Development Strategy ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Social Assistance ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Assistance System ◽  
Social Risk ◽  
Research Activity ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
The Social

The article is the result of a complex research activity. The starting point was to make a diagnosis of the Iasi community on the needs of social assistance. The interest of local authorities is to ensure optimal conditions for the provision of quality social services, leading to an improvement in the quality of life of people at social risk. This article makes a complex assessment of the social problems faced by the local community in Iasi, using the analysis of documents, questionnaires and focus groups. The special contribution is given by the development strategy of the resulting local social assistance system, with emphasis on the category of elderly beneficiaries.

Strategi Pemerintah dalam Pengembangan Objek Wisata Pantai Mileura di Desa Lakarinta : Studi Pada Dinas Kebudayaan dan Pariwisata di Kabupaten Muna

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 74
Author(s):  
Adelisna Adelisna ◽  
Makmur Kambolong ◽  
Liwaul Liwaul
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Data ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Know How ◽  
Port Area ◽  
Beach Tourism ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
District Government ◽  
Road Widening

The objectives of this study are: 1) To know how the government's strategy in developing Mileura Beach tourism objects in Lakarinta Village 2) to know any factors that affect the development of Mileura Beach Tourism Objects in Lakarinta Village. This research is a descriptive study with the support of qualitative data. Data collection techniques were obtained through interview observation and documentation. Determination of informants obtained by purposive sampling technique. Based on the results of this study it can be concluded that the strategy used by the district government in this case the Department of Tourism in developing Mileura tourism objects includes: increasing tourism promotion, improving facilities and infrastructure, forming tourism awareness groups, even fixing supporting infrastructure such as the addition of cliffside gazebos , road restoration for resting places in Mileura port area, cendra mata kiosk, parking expansion, road widening. The two tourism programs in Muna Regency in its implementation are influenced by two factors, namely supporting factors, attraction of tourism objects and local community participation and inhibiting factors including land status, human resources, security of tourist areas and facilities and infrastructureKeywords : Government, Development, Tourism, Strategic

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