scholarly journals Observations of rapid-fire event tremor at Lascar volcano, Chile

1996 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Asch ◽  
K. Wylegalla ◽  
M. Hellweg ◽  
D. Seidl ◽  
H. Rademacher
Keyword(s):  
Fractal Structure ◽  
Seismic Station ◽  
Active Volcano ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Fire Event ◽  
Local Seismicity ◽  
Short Period ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Lascar Volcano

During the Proyecto de Investigaciòn Sismològica de la Cordillera Occidental (PISCO '94) in the Atacama desert of Northern Chile, a continuously recording broadband seismic station was installed to the NW of the currently active volcano, Lascar. For the month of April, 1994, an additional network of three, short period, three-component stations was deployed around the volcano to help discriminate its seismic signals from other local seismicity. During the deployment, the volcanic activity at Lascar appeared to be limited mainly to the emission of steam and SO2. Tremor from Lascar is a random, «rapid-fire» series of events with a wide range of amplitudes and a quasi-fractal structure. The tremor is generated by an ensemble of independent elementary sources clustered in the volcanic edifice. In the short-term, the excitation of the sources fluctuates strongly, while the long-term power spectrum is very stationary.

scholarly journals Perception of investing in crypto in India using UTAUT model

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 1396-1400
Author(s):  
Vidhi Shah
Keyword(s):  
Indian Population ◽  
Social Benefits ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Perceived Safety ◽  
Utaut Model ◽  
Performance Expectancy ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Effort Expectancy ◽  
Do So

Abstract: This research was conducted to gather data and understand the perception what the Indian population holds when it comes to investing in cryptocurrency. To do so, a survey was designed using the UTAUT model and was circulated by the means of google forms. A wide range of parameters were considered to avail the maximum possible accuracy for the data collected. Parameters like, the ease of investing crypto, short term and long term benefits, monetary benefits, social benefits were considered. All of these parameters were supposed to be answered on a scale of 5. After collecting all the data, the results were analyzed and evaluated using which the hypothesis made were proved. Keywords: Cryptocurrency, UTAUT, performance expectancy, effort expectancy, perceived monetary benefits, perceived safety, social influence, adoption intension.

scholarly journals Prevalence and prognostic implication of iron deficiency and anaemia in patients with severe aortic stenosis

Open Heart ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. e000901
Author(s):  
Anette Borger Kvaslerud ◽  
Amjad Iqbal Hussain ◽  
Andreas Auensen ◽  
Thor Ueland ◽  
Annika E Michelsen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Aortic Stenosis ◽  
Severe Aortic Stenosis ◽  
Iron Status ◽  
Transferrin Saturation ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Prognostic Implication ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
One Year

ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence and prognostic implication of iron deficiency (ID) and anaemia in patients with severe aortic stenosis (AS).MethodsIn an observational study of consecutive patients referred for aortic valve replacement (AVR), we assessed a wide range of biomarkers of iron status, including the definition of ID commonly applied in patients with chronic heart failure (ferritin <100 µg/L or ferritin 100–299 µg/L with a transferrin saturation <20%). The endpoints were short-term (one-year) and long-term (median 4.7 years, IQR: 3.8–5.5) mortality and major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) within the first year after inclusion.Results464 patients were included in this substudy. 91 patients (20%) received conservative treatment and 373 patients (80%) received AVR. ID was detected in 246 patients (53%). 94 patients (20%) had anaemia. Patients with ID had an overall worse clinical profile than patients without ID. During follow-up, 129 patients (28%) died. Neither ID as defined above, soluble transferrin receptor nor hepcidin were associated with short-term or long-term mortality or MACE independent on treatment allocation. Anaemia was associated with one-year mortality in conservatively treated patients.ConclusionsID and anaemia are prevalent in patients with severe AS. In our cohort, ID did not provide independent prognostic information on top of conventional risk factors. More studies are required to determine how to correctly diagnose ID in patients with AS.Trial registration numberNCT01794832.

scholarly journals Novel FTLRNN with Gamma Memory for Short-Term and Long-Term Predictions of Chaotic Time Series

2009 ◽  
Vol 2009 ◽  
pp. 1-21
Author(s):  
Sanjay L. Badjate ◽  
Sanjay V. Dudul
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Time Series ◽  
Mean Squared Error ◽  
Chaotic Time Series ◽  
Nonstationary Time Series ◽  
Medium Term ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Squared Error ◽  
Wide Range

Multistep ahead prediction of a chaotic time series is a difficult task that has attracted increasing interest in the recent years. The interest in this work is the development of nonlinear neural network models for the purpose of building multistep chaotic time series prediction. In the literature there is a wide range of different approaches but their success depends on the predicting performance of the individual methods. Also the most popular neural models are based on the statistical and traditional feed forward neural networks. But it is seen that this kind of neural model may present some disadvantages when long-term prediction is required. In this paper focused time-lagged recurrent neural network (FTLRNN) model with gamma memory is developed for different prediction horizons. It is observed that this predictor performs remarkably well for short-term predictions as well as medium-term predictions. For coupled partial differential equations generated chaotic time series such as Mackey Glass and Duffing, FTLRNN-based predictor performs consistently well for different depths of predictions ranging from short term to long term, with only slight deterioration after k is increased beyond 50. For real-world highly complex and nonstationary time series like Sunspots and Laser, though the proposed predictor does perform reasonably for short term and medium-term predictions, its prediction ability drops for long term ahead prediction. However, still this is the best possible prediction results considering the facts that these are nonstationary time series. As a matter of fact, no other NN configuration can match the performance of FTLRNN model. The authors experimented the performance of this FTLRNN model on predicting the dynamic behavior of typical Chaotic Mackey-Glass time series, Duffing time series, and two real-time chaotic time series such as monthly sunspots and laser. Static multi layer perceptron (MLP) model is also attempted and compared against the proposed model on the performance measures like mean squared error (MSE), Normalized mean squared error (NMSE), and Correlation Coefficient (r). The standard back-propagation algorithm with momentum term has been used for both the models.

scholarly journals The Effectiveness of Employment Vouchers: A Simple Approach

2000 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 385-419 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Michael Orszag ◽  
Dennis J. Snower
Keyword(s):  
Optimal Policy ◽  
Policy Design ◽  
Unemployment Benefits ◽  
Government Budget ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Government ◽  
Hiring And Firing

Abstract This paper explores the optimal design of subsidies for hiring unemployed workers (`employment vouchers' for short) in the context of a simple dynamic model of the labour market. Focusing on the short-term and long-term effects of the vouchers on employment and unemployment, the analysis shows how the optimal policy depends on the rates of hiring and firing, and on the problems of displacement and deadweight. It also examines the roles of the government budget constraint and of the level of unemployment benefits in optimal policy design. We calibrate the model and evaluate the effectiveness of employment vouchers in reducing unemployment for a wide range of feasible parameters.

scholarly journals Preventing co-infection: a viral strategy with short-term benefits and long-term drawbacks

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Hunter ◽  
Diana Fusco
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Life History ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Viral Evolution ◽  
Viral Fitness ◽  
Viral Population ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Life History Parameters ◽  
Wide Range

ABSTRACTViral co-infection occurs when multiple distinct viral particles infect the same host. This can impact viral evolution through intracellular interactions, complementation, reassortment and recombination. In nature many viral species are found to have a wide range of mechanisms to prevent co-infection, which raises the question of how viral evolution is impacted by this strategic choice. Here, we address this question in a model viral system, the ubiquitous bacteriophage and its host bacteria. Using a stochastic model of phage-host interactions in agent-based simulations, we first characterise the behaviour of neutral mutants and find that co-infection decreases the strength of genetic drift. We then quantify how variations in the phage life history parameters affect viral fitness. Importantly, we find that the growth rate (dis)advantage associated with variations in life history parameters can be dramatically different from the competitive (dis)advantage measured in direct-competition simulations. Additionally, we find that co-infection facilitates the fixation of beneficial mutations and the removal of deleterious ones, suggesting that selection is more efficient in co-infecting populations. We also observe, however, that in populations which allow co-infection, a mutant that prevents it displays a substantial competitive advantage over the rest of the population, and will eventually fix even if it displays a much lower growth rate in isolation. Our findings suggest that while preventing co-infection can have a negative impact on the long-term evolution of a viral population, in the short-term it is ultimately a winning strategy, possibly explaining the prevalence of phage capable of preventing co-infection in nature.

scholarly journals Slopes: solute processes and landforms

2021 ◽  
pp. M58-2021-5
Author(s):  
Tim Burt ◽  
Gilles Pinay ◽  
Fred Worrall ◽  
Nicholas Howden
Keyword(s):  
Drainage Basin ◽  
Nutrient Loss ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Carbon Export ◽  
Landform Evolution ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Forested Landscapes ◽  
Applied Fields

AbstractThis chapter reviews research on solutes by fluvial geomorphologists in the period 1965 to 2000; growing links with biogeochemical research are emphasised later in the chapter. Brief reference is necessarily made to some research from before and after the study period. In relation to solutes, early research sought to relate short-term process observations to long-term landform evolution. However, very quickly, research moved into much more applied fields, less concerned with landforms and more with biogeochemical processes. The drainage basin became the focus of research with a wide range of interest including nutrient loss from agricultural and forested landscapes to dissolved organic carbon export from peatlands. In particular, the terrestrial-aquatic ecotone became a focus for research, emphasising the distinctive processes operating in the riparian zone and their contribution to river water protection from land-derived pollutants. By the end of the period, the scale and range of fluvial geomorphology had been greatly transformed from what it had been in 1965, providing a distinctive contribution to the broader field of biogeochemistry as well as an ongoing contribution to the study of Earth surface processes and landforms.

scholarly journals Take the Short Route: Equilibrium Default and Debt Maturity

Econometrica ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 87 (2) ◽  
pp. 423-462 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark Aguiar ◽  
Manuel Amador ◽  
Hugo Hopenhayn ◽  
Iván Werning
Keyword(s):  
Sovereign Debt ◽  
Yield Curve ◽  
Debt Management ◽  
Limited Commitment ◽  
Bond Markets ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Marginal Costs ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Debt Default

We study the interactions between sovereign debt default and maturity choice in a setting with limited commitment for repayment as well as future debt issuances. Our main finding is that, under a wide range of conditions, the sovereign should, as long as default is not preferable, remain passive in long‐term bond markets, making payments and retiring long‐term bonds as they mature but never actively issuing or buying back such bonds. The only active debt‐management margin is the short‐term bond market. We show that any attempt to manipulate the existing maturity profile of outstanding long‐term bonds generates losses, as bond prices move against the sovereign. Our results hold regardless of the shape of the yield curve. The yield curve captures the average costs of financing at different maturities but is misleading regarding the marginal costs.

scholarly journals Multimodal Sensor Motion Intention Recognition Based on Three-Dimensional Convolutional Neural Network Algorithm

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Mofei Wen ◽  
Yuwei Wang
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Convolutional Neural Network ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Spatiotemporal Features ◽  
Emg Signal ◽  
Intention Recognition ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Motion Intention

With the development of microelectronic technology and computer systems, the research of motion intention recognition based on multimodal sensors has attracted the attention of the academic community. Deep learning and other nonlinear neural network models have a wide range of applications in big data sets. We propose a motion intention recognition algorithm based on multimodal long-term and short-term spatiotemporal feature fusion. We divide the target data into multiple segments and use a three-dimensional convolutional neural network to extract the short-term spatiotemporal features. The three types of features of the same segment are fused together and input into the LSTM network for time-series modeling to further fuse the features to obtain multimodal long-term spatiotemporal features with higher discrimination. According to the lower limb movement pattern recognition model, the minimum number of muscles and EMG signal characteristics required to accurately recognize the movement state of the lower limbs are determined. This minimizes the redundant calculation cost of the model and ensures the real-time output of the system results.

Toward a Medical Understanding of Marihuana

1969 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
pp. 591-600 ◽  
Author(s):  
Conrad J. Schwarz
Keyword(s):  
English Language ◽  
Medical Literature ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Personal Characteristics ◽  
Short Term ◽  
The Past ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Indian Hemp ◽  
Made In

This paper is based on a review of the English language medical literature over the past 35 years on Indian Hemp, with direct reference being made to the more significant articles published during that time. The paucity of direct experimental observation is noted and the difficulties in experimental studies are highlighted by descriptions of the wide variations in the potency of Indian Hemp derivatives. Specific references are provided for the wide range of observations made in relation to acute and chronic physical and psychological effects, personal characteristics of the users and possible factors in causation. It is concluded that marihuana is a poorly defined intoxicant which varies in potency, deteriorates with time and whose chemical composition is largely unknown at present. There are wide variations in human response and the state of intoxication itself carries with it varying degrees of unpleasant physical and psychological experiences. The association between hashish and, to a lesser extent, marihuana and short-term and long-term complications is discussed in relation to complex variables, of which the drug is but one factor.

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