scholarly journals Effect of Low Sodium, High Potassium and High Magnesium Salt Intake on Blood Pressure and Lipid Metabolism.

1998 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kazue ITOH ◽  
Terukazu KAWASAKI
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Salt Intake ◽  
Magnesium Salt ◽  
High Potassium ◽  
Low Sodium

scholarly journals Reduction in blood pressure with a low sodium, high potassium, high magnesium salt in older subjects with mild to moderate hypertension

BMJ ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 309 (6952) ◽  
pp. 436-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
J M Geleijnse ◽  
J C M Witteman ◽  
A A A Bak ◽  
J H den Breijen ◽  
D E Grobbee
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Moderate Hypertension ◽  
Magnesium Salt ◽  
High Potassium ◽  
Low Sodium ◽  
Older Subjects

The Effect of Potassium and Bicarbonate Ions on the Rise in Blood Pressure Caused by Sodium Chloride

1982 ◽  
Vol 63 (s8) ◽  
pp. 407s-409s ◽  
Author(s):  
T. O. Morgan
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Sodium Chloride ◽  
Sodium Bicarbonate ◽  
Potassium Chloride ◽  
Mild Hypertension ◽  
Sodium Intake ◽  
Reduce Blood Pressure ◽  
High Potassium ◽  
Bicarbonate Ions ◽  
Low Sodium

1. A group of eight patients with mild hypertension, sensitive to sodium intake, were studied. 2. Sodium chloride (70 mmol daily) caused their blood pressure to rise by 19/14 mmHg. 3. Sodium bicarbonate (70 mmol daily) caused their blood pressure to rise by 12/5 mmHg. 4. Sodium chloride given together with potassium chloride (70 mmol of each daily) caused their blood pressure to rise by 9.6 mmHg. 5. These results suggest that sodium bicarbonate causes a smaller rise in blood pressure than sodium chloride does and that potassium chloride reduces the blood pressure raising effect of sodium chloride. 6. A low sodium, high potassium and an alkaline diet may therefore be a more effective dietary method to reduce blood pressure than a diet low in sodium alone.

Abstract 072: Newly Developed Personal Device can Detect Changes and Variations of Urinary Na/K Ratio with Standardized Low- and High-salt Meals in Healthy Volunteers

Hypertension ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 64 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Junichi Yatabe ◽  
Midori S Yatabe ◽  
Kozue Takano ◽  
Ami Watanabe ◽  
Satsuki Kurosawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Healthy Volunteers ◽  
Sodium Level ◽  
High Salt ◽  
High Potassium ◽  
Blood Pressure Elevation ◽  
Spot Urine ◽  
Low Sodium ◽  
Blood Pressure Difference ◽  
Low Salt

Background: A low-sodium (Na), high-potassium (K) diet is recommended to suppress blood pressure elevation, but determining the absolute amounts of Na and K in a diet is difficult. A novel portable device was developed to allow easy measurement of urinary Na/K ratio on the spot. In this study, our aims were 1): to observe the changes of urinary Na/K ratio in subjects on low- and high-Na diet and 2): to determine if there are differences in urinary Na/K ratio between subjects with and without salt sensitivity. Methods: Healthy volunteers (14 subjects) ingested standardized low- (3 g NaCl /day) and high-Na (20 g NaCl/day) meals for 7 days each. Urinary Na/K ratio was measured at each voiding using a prototype device (Omron Healthcare). Collection of blood and 24-hour urine was conducted at the end of each diet period (unrestricted (NS), low-salt (LS), and high-salt (HS)). Those with mean blood pressure difference (LS vs. HS) ≥ 5% were determined as salt-sensitive (SS) and others salt-resistant (SR). Results: Urinary Na/K ratio reached a plateau approximately 3 days after each change in the Na level of the diet. Urinary Na/K ratio of spot urine correlated well with Na/K ratio of 24-hour urine. Average urinary Na/K ratio was 3.9 ± 1.9 on the last day of NS, 0.8 ± 0.3 on LS, and 6.9 ± 2.1 on HS. The variation of urinary Na/K ratio was small during the LS diet period. The change in urinary Na/K ratio of SS group tended to be slower than that of SR. This device may also be useful in diabetic and proteinuric patients as Na/K ratio was affected minimally by experimental glucose and protein addition. Conclusion: Using an easy-to-use device, measurements of urinary Na/K ratio keenly reflected the sodium level of the diet.

Both high and low maternal salt intake in pregnancy alter kidney development in the offspring

2011 ◽  
Vol 301 (2) ◽  
pp. F344-F354 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nadezda Koleganova ◽  
Grzegorz Piecha ◽  
Eberhard Ritz ◽  
Luis Eduardo Becker ◽  
Annett Müller ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Kidney Development ◽  
Salt Intake ◽  
Sodium Intake ◽  
Adult Life ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Dietary Salt ◽  
Sodium Diet ◽  
Low Sodium ◽  
Arterial Blood

In humans, low glomerular numbers are related to hypertension, cardiovascular, and renal disease in adult life. The present study was designed 1) to explore whether above- or below-normal dietary salt intake during pregnancy influences nephron number and blood pressure in the offspring and 2) to identify potential mechanisms in kidney development modified by maternal sodium intake. Sprague-Dawley rats were fed low (0.07%)-, intermediate (0.51%)-, or high (3.0%)-sodium diets during pregnancy and lactation. The offspring were weaned at 4 wk and subsequently kept on a 0.51% sodium diet. The kidney structure was assessed at postnatal weeks 1 and 12 and the expression of proteins of interest at term and at week 1. Blood pressure was measured in male offspring by telemetry from postnatal month 2 to postnatal month 9. The numbers of glomeruli at weeks 1 and 12 were significantly lower and, in males, telemetrically measured mean arterial blood pressure after month 5 was higher in offspring of dams on a high- or low- compared with intermediate-sodium diet. A high-salt diet was paralleled by higher concentrations of marinobufagenin in the amniotic fluid and an increase in the expression of both sprouty-1 and glial cell-derived neutrophic factor in the offspring's kidney. The expression of FGF-10 was lower in offspring of dams on a low-sodium diet, and the expression of Pax-2 and FGF-2 was lower in offspring of dams on a high-sodium diet. Both excessively high and excessively low sodium intakes during pregnancy modify protein expression in offspring kidneys and reduce the final number of glomeruli, predisposing the risk of hypertension later in life.

scholarly journals Correlation of Salt Sensitivity, Plasma Renin Activity and Aldosterone in Hypertensive Patients

2017 ◽  
Vol 18 (s1) ◽  
pp. 55-60
Author(s):  
Nebojsa Tasic ◽  
Danijela Tasic ◽  
Dalibor Dragisic ◽  
Miroslav Mitrovic
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Essential Hypertension ◽  
Salt Intake ◽  
Plasma Renin ◽  
Salt Loading ◽  
High Sodium ◽  
Sodium Diet ◽  
Low Sodium Diet ◽  
Low Sodium ◽  
Resistant Group

Abstract Plasma-renin values vary in normotensive and hypertensive populations. Some studies consider renin to be a key factor in the aetiology of hypertension, but other studies note that renin is an important factor in cardiovascular homeostasis and functions more as a growth factor than as a pressor hormone. The aim of this study was to assess the PRA and aldosterone values under different salt intake regimes in patients with essential hypertension. The study group consisted of 50 untreated patients (27 women and 23 men; average age 42±9,2 yrs.; average BMI 27,91±4,6 kg/m2) with essential hypertension. All patients were put on a high-sodium diet (200 mmol NaCl per day) for one week after a week on a low-sodium diet (20 mmol NaCl per day). Sodium sensitivity (SS) was defined as a 10-mmHg increase in the mean blood pressure at the end of the high- vs. the low-sodium diet. The SS group consisted of 26 patients, and the sodiuminsensitive group consisted of 24 patients. The PRA and aldosterone levels were determined in 12 patients. PRA values in the SS group during rest were significantly lower compared with the salt-resistant group during all regimes of salt intake (F=10,56, p=0,0012). Salt loading in SS patients causes a significant decrease in PRA (in rest and effort) values in comparison to values during a low salt intake regime (rest: t=4,49, p<0,001; effort: t=3,45, p<0,01). The PRA values in the salt-resistant group did not vary significantly under the different salt intake regimes. The aldosterone values followed the pattern of the PRA values. It is necessary to distinguish investigations on salt intake effects based on incidence and value of blood pressure and investigations on salt restriction’s effects on of blood pressure levels (i.e., non-pharmacological hypertension therapy).

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