scholarly journals Morphological study of prostate in different age groups of Indian population

2017 ◽  
Vol 34 (01) ◽  
pp. 040-043
Author(s):  
I. Kayalvizhi ◽  
S. Bhoria ◽  
V. Khanagwal ◽  
R. Narayan
Keyword(s):  
Indian Population ◽  
Prostate Gland ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Transverse Diameter ◽  
Glandular Organ ◽  
Surgical Extraction ◽  
Nodular Hyperplasia ◽  
Standard Deviation Range ◽  
Pathologic Processes

Abstract Introduction: The prostate is a pyramidal shaped, fibromuscular glandular organ which surrounds the prostatic urethra. Three pathologic processes affect the prostate gland: Inflammation, Benign prostatic (Nodular) hyperplasia, and tumours. Of these three, the benign nodular hyperplasia and prostatic carcinoma are prevalent worldwide. Main treatment for both the above mentioned condition till date is surgical extraction of the prostate. A clear concept is required about the morphological features and measurements of prostate as it will play a major role in defining the disease and for the diagnosis. Material and Methods: The present study was conducted in the Department of Anatomy utilizing 50 samples of human prostate, age ranging from 10 to 80 years. The various morphological parameters studied were length, transverse diameter, antero-posterior diameter and weight of prostate. Results: The lowest and highest mean value were 1.76-2.79 cm; 3.35-4.04 cm; 1.65-2.30 cm and 16.8-26.6 gm for length, transverse diameter, antero-posterior diameter and weight respectively. Statistical measurements included mean, standard deviation, range and correlation coeficients of different parameters. Conclusions: Length and transverse diameter of prostate were maximum in the American population, Antero-Posterior diameter was maximum for Bangladeshi and weight was found maximum in Indian population.

scholarly journals Prostatic Lesion and Its Relation with Serum Concentration of PSA

KYAMC Journal ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 42-45
Author(s):  
Abu Sazzad Muhammad Fazlul Haque ◽  
Abu Sharif Mohammad Akramul Islam ◽  
Sailendranath Biswas ◽  
Md Faisal Kabir
Keyword(s):  
Serum Concentration ◽  
Prostate Specific Antigen ◽  
Prostate Gland ◽  
Specific Antigen ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Prostatic Hyperplasia ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Histological Findings ◽  
Nodular Hyperplasia ◽  
Total Psa

Background: Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) is a protein produced by the cells of the prostate gland. It is generally increased in diseases such as prostatitis, hyperplasia and malignancy, but the correlation between various pathology affecting the prostate gland and their corresponding rise in PSA values is not constant, and exception may occur. Objectives: The aim of this study was to find out the spectrum and distribution of various prostatic lesions affecting men, with respect to their age and to find out the correlation between serum total PSA and histological findings. Materials and Method: From January 2016 to March 2019, a total of 166 patients in the age group of 39-95 years who underwent histopathology. The reports were studied retrospective and prospectively. Of these patients, 63 were being nodular hyperplasia of prostate. 70 were with existing prostatitis and 33 were adenocarcinoma. The PSA levels were estimated in our Biochemistry Department. Results: The cases were distributed in the age group 39 to 95years.The patient of adenocarcinoma was 33 and its mean value of PSA was 1164.19 ng/ml, in case of prostatitis number of patient was 70 and its mean value was 12.74ng/ml, prostatic hyperplasia patient was 63 and mean value was 5.2ng/ml. Conclusion: The result indicate that the chances of malignancy with increasing value of PSA are more but not a rule. It can only give a clue to the histopathologist to examine the sections more thoroughly. KYAMC Journal Vol. 11, No.-1, April 2020, Page 42-45

scholarly journals New Radiological Index for Evaluation of Pectus Deformities in Indian Population

2016 ◽  
Vol 06 (01) ◽  
pp. 048-052
Author(s):  
S. Allwyn Joshua ◽  
Lathika Shetty ◽  
V.S. Pare ◽  
Roopa Sebastian
Keyword(s):  
Pectus Excavatum ◽  
Indian Population ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Transverse Diameter ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Pectus Carinatum ◽  
A Value ◽  
Wall Deformation ◽  
Manubriosternal Joint ◽  
Contrast Ct

Abstract Aim: To evaluate the effectiveness of new radiological index for the diagnosis of pectus deformities in Indian population using computed tomography (CT) imaging. Materials and methods: 60 subjects with mild to moderate pectus deformities and 100 controls with age group from 1 to 40 years were evaluated for the study. Non contrast CT images with sagittal, axial sections and 3D reconstructed images were utilized for the measurement of manubriosternal joint (MSJT) angulation as well as sterno-vertebral (SV) distance and transverse diameter (A) of chest. Results: In controls manubriosternal joint showed mean value of 166.6±5.27, in pectus carinatum (PC) MSJT measured about 170±5.2 and in pectus excavatum (PE) MSJT had a value of 157.6±14.57and internal thoracic dimensions like sterno-vertebral distance measured about mean of 91.3±18.12 in controls, 80.24±14.57 in PE and 99.13±15.6 in PC and transverse diameter with a mean of 208.72±33.9in controls, 223.14±28.92 in PE and 192.2±40.96 in PC. Conclusion: Inclusion of MSJT angulation as radiological index alongside of internationally accepted indices like sterno-vertebral distance and transverse diameter of chest would ensure comprehensive assessment of chest wall deformation and help in better understanding of sternal displacement during pectus deformities.

scholarly journals Age related variations in the morphometric parameters of the mitral valve complex- A cadaveric based study from Kolkata

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 63-66
Author(s):  
Rajasri Chunder ◽  
Sayantani Majumdar ◽  
Arijit Dey
Keyword(s):  
Mitral Valve ◽  
Indian Population ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Morphometric Parameters ◽  
Transverse Diameter ◽  
Valvular Surgery ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Valve Annulus ◽  
Valve Diseases

Background: Mitral valve diseases are quite common in Indian Population across the age groups and the latest trend in the valvular surgery for better outcome is “Respect rather than Resect”. So, reconstructive surgeries being a preferred modality of treatment in Mitral Valvular Disorders, morphometric parameters of mitral valve are of immense importance. Aims and Objective: This study deals with the age wise variation of the morphometric parameters of the mitral valve. Material and Method: In this study, fifty formalin hardened cadaveric hearts were studied which were dissected and measurements of the morphometric parameters were recorded and analysed. Results: While analyzing the data on the weight of the heart,mean annular circumference (MAC), antero-posterior (APD) and transverse diameter (TD) of the mitral valve annulus, it was observed that all the parameters significantly increases with age. Conclusion: This data will be immensely helpful in planning the reconstructive surgeries of mitral valve age-wise.

Age related volume of cadaver-prostates in Bangladesh

1970 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 74-77
Author(s):  
Rukshana Ahmed ◽  
Shamim Ara
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Gland ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Clinical Settings ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Group A ◽  
Key Words Prostate ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group B

Pathological changes in the prostate gland occur commonly with advancing age including inflammation, atrophy, hyperplasia and carcinoma and a change in volume is also evident. Estimation of volume of prostate may be useful in a variety of clinical settings. A cross-sectional descriptive study was designed to see the changes in volume of the prostate with advancing age and done in the Department of Anatomy, Dhaka Medical College, Dhaka from August 2006 to June 2007. The study was performed on 70 post-mortem human prostates collected from the unclaimed dead bodies that were under examination in the Department of Forensic Medicine, Dhaka Medical College, Dhaka. The samples were divided into three age groups; group A (10-20 years), group B (21-40 years) and group C (41-70 years). Volume of the sample was measured by using the ellipsoid formula. The mean ± SD volume of prostate was 7.68 ± 3.64 cm3 in group A, 10.61 ± 3.99 cm3 in group B and 15.40 ± 6.31 cm3 in group C. Mean difference in volume between group A and group C, group B and group C were statistically significant (p<0.001). Statistically significant positive correlation was found between age and volume of prostate (r = + 0.579, p < 0.001). Key Words: Prostate; volume; Bangladeshi. DOI: 10.3329/imcj.v4i2.6501Ibrahim Med. Coll. J. 2010; 4(2): 74-77

Corona Virus (COVID-19) Awareness Assessment - A Survey Study Amongst the Indian Population

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriela Fernandes
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Social Media ◽  
Health Care Workers ◽  
Indian Population ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Survey Study ◽  
Social Distancing ◽  
Corona Virus ◽  
Care Workers ◽  
Amount Of Knowledge

Aim: The aim of this survey study was to assess the level of awareness amongst Indian population regarding the COVID-19. Method: A survey was conducted amongst 745 individuals to assess their level of awareness regarding COVID-19 and steps to be taken for its prevention. Result: The results revealed that a considerable percentage of individuals learned about the pandemic through social media and news and were aware of the mode of spread of the virus and also steps to be taken to prevent it from spreading. But considerable percentage of people was also not fully aware regarding the age groups this virus will be affecting. Conclusion: Upon understanding the percentage of people not aware about the age groups this virus will be affecting, keeping in mind good amount of knowledge amongst individuals about maintaining hygiene and social distancing, this survey would help the health care workers to create awareness regarding the effect of this virus on different age groups to help prevent carelessness amongst youth in following the regime.

scholarly journals Changes in the parameters of the rectoanal inhibitory reflex in children with functional constipation and large rectum

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniela Pop ◽  
Simona Tătar ◽  
Otilia Fufezan ◽  
Dorin Farcău
Keyword(s):  
Anorectal Manometry ◽  
Functional Constipation ◽  
Abdominal Ultrasound ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Transverse Diameter ◽  
Rectoanal Inhibitory Reflex ◽  
Secondary Objective ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Inhibitory Reflex

Background. Abdominal ultrasound and anorectal manometry are part of the investigations used to assess children with functional constipation. This study aimed at assessing the changes in the characteristics of the rectoanal inhibitory reflex (RAIR) in children with functional constipation and correlating them with the dimensions of the rectum, measured by abdominal ultrasound. A secondary objective was to compare the rectum size in children with and without constipation. Method. We retrospectively reviewed the clinical data and investigations results of 51 children (mean age±standard deviation (SD) =5.8±3.5 years) with functional constipation who came to our clinic between January 2013 and February 2020. The assessment of these patients included both the assessment of the transverse diameter of the rectal ampulla by abdominal ultrasound and anorectal manometry. The studied parameters of RAIR were: the minimal volume of air necessary to induce RAIR, in all the patients with functional constipation, and in 20 of them, relaxation time, latency and relaxation percentage. A control group was formed of 27 children (mean age±DS=5.1±4 years) without digestive diseases and with normal intestinal transit, who were assessed by abdominal ultrasound. Results. The mean value ±SD of the volume of air necessary to induce RAIR was 21.9±12.1 cm3 air. There was no correlation between the rectum transverse diameter and the minimal air volume that triggered RAIR (r=-0.01, p=0.94). The mean value ±SD of the transverse diameter of the rectum in patients with functional constipation was 39±14 mm, and in children without constipation 26±6 mm (p<0.05). The mean duration of the symptoms in children with functional constipation was 2.8 years. Conclusions. There were no correlations between the volume of air that induced the RAIR and the transverse diameter of the rectum in children with functional constipation. The transverse diameter of the rectum was increased in children with long-term functional constipation.

scholarly journals Effect of ART 2 treatment on biochemical profile during treatment of second line ART

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 777
Author(s):  
Narendra Singh ◽  
R. K. Varma ◽  
Richa Giri ◽  
Punit Varma ◽  
Seema Dwivedi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Los Angeles ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Monthly Interval ◽  
Second Line ◽  
Institute Of Medicine ◽  
Pneumocystis Jiroveci ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Control And Prevention ◽  
Cd4 Lymphocyte

Background: AIDS was the first recognized in U.S in summer of 1981 at centers for disease control and prevention reported the unexplained occurrence of pneumocystis jiroveci in previously healthy homosexual men in Los Angeles and Kaposi. First time in 1983 HIV syndrome was isolated from a patient of lymphadenopathy. Person with positive HIV serology who have ever had a CD4 lymphocyte count below 200celles/mcl and CD4 lymphocyte percentage below 14% are considered to have AIDS (CMDT 2017).Methods: This study was continuous longitudinal, prospective and retrospective, observational, at ART plus Centre, Kanpur K.P.S. institute of medicine (G.S.V.M. medical college) included the all patients on ART1 attending in Centre were screened for treatment failure based on clinical, immunological and virological criteria’s as decided by SACEP from 2016 to 2018.Results: Total numbers of patients are 118 among them 71 female and 47 males, age groups between 30-40 there are 54 patients. In study treatment with ART patients Hb levels more than 10%, Mean value before 10.85±1.31 and mean value after treatment was 10.5±1.31, TLC before 6970.94±6309.93 after treatment 6800.25±2522.99, Serum Bilirubin before and after treatment 0.69±0.49 and 0.95±1.13. Mean value of before and after treatment serum creatinin1.80±11.34 and 0.88±0.38.Conclusions: There is increased in serum creatinine and SGPT /SGOT and decrease in Hb levels in treatment of second line ART treatment so it should be monitored every monthly interval.

scholarly journals Time-to-Boundary Function to Study the Development of Upright Stance Control in Children

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-58
Author(s):  
Carmen D'Anna ◽  
Maurizio Schmid ◽  
Andrea Scorza ◽  
Salvatore A. Sciuto ◽  
Luisa Lopez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Postural Control ◽  
Postural Stability ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Boundary Function ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Upright Stance ◽  
Eyes Closed ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Spatio Temporal

Background: The development of postural control across the primary school time horizon is a complex process, which entails biomechanics modifications, the maturation of cognitive ability and sensorimotor organization, and the emergence of anticipatory behaviour. Postural stability in upright stance has been thus object of a multiplicity of studies to better characterize postural control in this age span, with a variety of methodological approaches. The analysis of the Time-to-Boundary function (TtB), which specifies the spatiotemporal proximity of the Centre of Pressure (CoP) to the stability boundaries in the regulation of posture in upright stance, is among the techniques used to better characterize postural stability in adults, but, as of now, it has not yet been introduced in developmental studies. The aim of this study was thus to apply this technique to evaluate the development of postural control in a sample population of primary school children. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, upright stance trials under eyes open and eyes closed were administered to 107 healthy children, divided into three age groups (41 for Seven Years' Group, Y7; 38 for Nine Years' Group, Y9; 28 for Eleven Years' Group, Y11). CoP data were recorded to calculate the Time-to-Boundary function (TtB), from which four spatio-temporal parameters were extracted: the mean value and the standard deviation of TtB minima (Mmin, Stdmin), and the mean value and the standard deviation of the temporal distance between two successive minima (Mdist, Stddist). Results: With eyes closed, Mmin and Stdmin significantly decreased and Mdist and Stddist increased for the Y7 group, at Y9 Mmin significantly decreased and Stddist increased, while no effect of vision resulted for Y11. Regarding age groups, Mmin was significantly higher for Y9 than Y7, and Stdmin for Y9 was higher than both Y7 and Y11; Mdist and Stddist resulted higher for Y11 than for Y9. Conclusion: From the combined results from the spatio-temporal TtB parameters, it is suggested that, at 9 years, children look more efficient in terms of exploring their limits of stability than at 7, and at 11 the observed TtB behaviour hints at the possibility that, at that age, they have almost completed the maturation of postural control in upright stance, also in terms of integration of the spatio-temporal information.

scholarly journals Relation of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D status with skeletal muscle mass by sex and age group among Korean adults

2015 ◽  
Vol 114 (11) ◽  
pp. 1838-1844 ◽  
Author(s):  
Min Jung Ko ◽  
Sungha Yun ◽  
Kyungwon Oh ◽  
Kirang Kim
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Mass ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
High Serum ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Hydroxyvitamin D ◽  
25 Hydroxyvitamin D

AbstractThe objective of this study was to examine whether high serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) concentration was associated with high skeletal muscle mass, taking into account the effects of sex and age among the participants of the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) aged 40 years or older. This was a cross-sectional study using data from the 2009 to 2010 KNHANES; a total of 8406 subjects (3671 men and 4735 women) were included. The appendicular skeletal muscle mass index (ASMMI, kg/m2) was estimated to measure the skeletal muscle mass. Hypovitaminosis was classified when the level of serum 25(OH)D was <20 ng/ml. The general linear model adjusted for confounding factors was used to determine differences in means of ASMMI by 25(OH)D status. The mean values of ASMMI were higher for men when compared with women. Women had a greater proportion of hypovitaminosis (71·1 %) compared with men (53·2 %). After adjusting for multiple factors, men were seen to have significant differences in ASMMI based on 25(OH)D status regardless of age, showing a lower mean value of ASSMI in those with hypovitaminosis. However, there was no difference in ASMMI by 25(OH)D status among women in both younger and older age groups. In conclusion, we found that there might be a positive relationship between 25(OH)D and skeletal muscle mass in men, indicating that interventions to improve 25(OH)D levels that are aimed at increasing muscle mass could be beneficial for men with more rapid decreased rate of skeletal muscle mass.

Middle Phalangeal Hair in Some South Indian Populations

1975 ◽  
Vol 24 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 163-164
Author(s):  
D. B. Sastry
Keyword(s):  
Indian Population ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Genetic Homogeneity ◽  
Population Groups ◽  
Indian Populations ◽  
South Indian ◽  
General Range

The study of middle phalangeal hair on a sample of some 5000 nonrelated subjects of both sexes and different age groups, representing 11 South Indian populations, has shown very limited sex and age variability. The frequencies fall within the general range of Indian population groups. Most of the groups tested show genetic homogeneity.

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