scholarly journals Morphological evaluation of cartilage development in the distal femoral epiphysis of human fetuses

2015 ◽  
Vol 32 (02) ◽  
pp. 089-092
Author(s):  
J. Cal Rosa ◽  
E. Liberti
Keyword(s):  
Knee Joint ◽  
Polarized Light ◽  
Clinical Importance ◽  
Collagen Fibers ◽  
Human Fetuses ◽  
Percent Density ◽  
Proliferation Zone ◽  
Cartilage Development ◽  
Distal Femoral Epiphysis ◽  
Age Range

Abstract Introduction: The epiphysis cartilage in the knee joint has been widely studied in recent decades due to the joint complexity and its clinical importance. However, there is little information about morphological and ultrastructural aspects of normal cartilage development of the knee joint, particularly in human fetuses of different age, which could contribute to a better understanding of diseases and malformations during development. Materials and Methods: This research was performed with 20 human fetuses covering the age range 16 to 31 weeks of intrauterine life, which were divided into 4 groups (n = 5). Morphometric analysis of the distal femoral epiphysis cartilage were realized for the parameters: chondrocytes area, percent density of chondrocyte and extracellular matrix (ECM), as well as qualitative analysis of the distribution, organization and characterization of collagen fibers making use of Picrosirius staining under analysis with polarized light. Results: It was verified that the chondrocytes area and density of ECM increased with advancing age, while the density of chondrocytes decreased. Also in the epiphyseal region, immature cartilage of younger fetuses, initially with characteristics of a proliferation zone starts to present, in older age fetuses, characteristics of a maturation zone, with larger chondrocytes and more distant from each other. In the epiphysis surface the organization and orientation of the collagen ibers changed in different groups, from an irregular orientation in the younger fetuses group, to a pantograph organization in the most developed fetuses group. Conclusion: During fetal development, the maturation of cartilage combines increasing ECM percent density and changes in the collagen fibers organization and orientation, contributing to the required cartilage properties for each stage of its development.

Fibre bundles in the human extensor carpi ulnaris tendon are arranged in a spiral

2011 ◽  
Vol 37 (6) ◽  
pp. 550-554 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. S. Kalson ◽  
P. S. C. Malone ◽  
R. S. Bradley ◽  
P. J. Withers ◽  
V. C. Lees
Keyword(s):  
Polarized Light ◽  
Clinical Importance ◽  
Longitudinal Axis ◽  
Distal Radioulnar Joint ◽  
Forearm Rotation ◽  
Fibre Bundles ◽  
Extensor Carpi Ulnaris ◽  
Dart Throwing ◽  
Dynamic Stabilizer ◽  
Antagonist Action

The extensor carpi ulnaris musculotendinous unit has important agonist and antagonist action in wrist motion, including the dart-throwing action, and is a dynamic stabilizer of the distal radioulnar joint during forearm rotation. Despite its functional and clinical importance, little is known about its internal structure. Investigation of the ultrastructure of the human extensor carpi ulnaris (ECU) tendon was undertaken using plane polarized light microscopy and microcomputer tomography with 3D reconstruction. The study demonstrates that the tendon comprises fibre bundles (fascicles) approximately 0.1 mm in diameter that are arranged in a gradual spiral. The spiralling fibres make an angle of 8º to the longitudinal axis of the tendon. The spiral structure of the human ECU tendon has important biomechanical implications, allowing fascicular sliding during forearm rotation. The observed features may prevent injury.

scholarly journals Human non-decalcified histology of three dental implants 45 months under function—a case report

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafael Silveira Faeda ◽  
Suzana Clesia Silverio do Nascimento ◽  
Pâmela Leticia Santos ◽  
Rodolfo Jorge Boeck ◽  
Rafael Sartori ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Bone Tissue ◽  
Rare Event ◽  
Polarized Light ◽  
Collagen Fibers ◽  
Titanium Implants ◽  
Tissue Response ◽  
Internal Diameter ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Circularly Polarized Light

Abstract Background Fracture of an implant is a quite rare event but represents an important opportunity to evaluate the peri-implant bone tissue response to implant overload in human beings. This study aimed to evaluate bone tissue around three fractured titanium implants retrieved from a human maxilla, by histomorphometric and birefringence analyses. Case report For this, the implants and the surrounding bone were removed after having been united to a tooth in function for 45 months, by a 4-mm internal diameter trephine bur, following an undecalcified section was obtained. The results showed a rate of 77.3% of bone-to-implant contact (BIC) and 80.3% of bone area filling within the limits of the implant threads. Under circularly polarized light microscopy investigation, the amount of the transverse collagen fibers was of 48.11%, and the amount of the longitudinal collagen fibers was of 51.89%. Conclusion Within the limitation of this study, the possible cause of the implant fracture could be the association of overload, inadequate implant diameter, and fragile internal hexagon connection.

Electron Microscopy and Microanalysis of Ovis Aries Knee Joint Meniscus: Does it Have Any Similarity with Human Meniscus?

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Nejadhosseinian ◽  
Pedram Paragomi ◽  
Reza Mastery Farahani
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Knee Joint ◽  
Lateral Meniscus ◽  
Normal Function ◽  
Collagen Fibers ◽  
Ovis Aries ◽  
Heavy Load ◽  
Human Knee ◽  
Major Direction ◽  
Transplant Procedure

Background: Meniscus plays a pivotal role in normal function of knee joint and is exposed to heavy load of pressure and trauma. The aim in this study is to investigate ultrastructure of medial and lateral meniscus of Ovis aries, in addition to comparing the findings with human meniscal structure. Methods: 14 samples of freshly-excised meniscus of ovis aries were provided. After conventional preparation, the samples were studied via electron microscopy (EM) and its elements were microanalyzed. Results: In the macroscopic evaluation, the meniscus surface was completely smooth, but in the microscopic observation, longitudinal ridges and grooves were observed. In addition, several types of cells that were different morphologically and bundles of collagen fibers were observed. The major direction of collagen fibers was circumferentially, but there were radial fibers as well. In the microanalysis of the ovis aris meniscus, the following elements were present: sodium, carbon, and oxygen, with sodium having the highest percentage among the elements. In medial meniscus of the samples, a small amount of calcium was detected. Conclusion: By comparing the present findings with those of other studies, many similarities were observed between ultrastructure of ovis aries and human knee meniscus. The compatibility in the ultrastructures will imply the possibility of application of this specimen for xenograft meniscal transplant procedure.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Traumatic Knee and Shoulder Joint Ligaments with MRI among Adult Sudanese Patients

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 387-391
Author(s):  
Shaza Mahgoub Masaad ◽  
Mohamed Yousef ◽  
Hanady Elyas Osman ◽  
Mustafa Z. Mahmoud
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Knee Joint ◽  
Shoulder Joint ◽  
Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Lateral Meniscus ◽  
Knee Joints ◽  
Meniscus Tear ◽  
Common Finding ◽  
Age Range ◽  
Joint Group

Background: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is currently regarded as the reference standard for the diagnosis and evaluation of internal derangements of the knee and shoulder girdle. This study aimed to evaluate traumatic injuries of the knee and shoulder joint ligaments by MRI and classify the most common ligament injuries. Methods and Results: This study included 50 patients, who were presented in the Radiology Department of Modern Medical Center in Khartoum, in the period from October 2019 to January 2020. The sample was divided into two groups: shoulder joint group (Group 1, n=30) with an age range between 16 and 74 years and knee joint group (Group 2, n=20) with an age range between 16 and 77 years. The age group most affected with shoulder (46.7%) and knee joint (25%) injuries was 46-65 years. The injuries of the shoulder (40%) and knee joints (55%) were common in patients with body weight ranging from 71-80kg and >81kg, respectively. Different grades of partial meniscus tear of both shoulder and knee joints were noted as Grades 1 and 2 in 8.7% of cases, Grade 2 - 13%, Grades 2 and 3 - 34.8%, and Grade 3 - 30.4%. There were incidences of 27.3%, 0%, 54.5%, 15.20, 0%, and 3% for anterior cruciate ligament, posterior cruciate ligament, medial meniscus C-shape (M Me C), lateral meniscus C-shape (L Me C), MCL, and LCL tears in the knee joints of the affected patients. Conclusion: MRI revealed that injuries to the shoulder and knee joints were common in patients with body weight ranging from 71-80kg and >81kg, respectively. Different grades of partial meniscus tear of the shoulder and knee joints were noted though Grades 2 and 3 partial tears were the most common finding. Finally, it was noted that in the knee joints of the affected patients, the M Me C shaped tear was the major type of tear.

Developing Antler as a Model System of Fibrillogenesis

1982 ◽  
Vol 40 ◽  
pp. 298-299
Author(s):  
D.P. Speer ◽  
C.W. Kischer
Keyword(s):  
Collagen Fiber ◽  
Bone Structure ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Polarized Light ◽  
Collagen Fibers ◽  
Cartilage Growth ◽  
Functional Roles ◽  
Growth Cartilage ◽  
Mammalian Tissues ◽  
Microscopy Techniques

Collagen fibers provide tensile strength to mammalian tissues and in many instances play morphogenetic as well as structural functional roles. While the directional orientation of these collagen fibers determines the tensile vectors within tissues, the three dimensional architecture of these collagen fiber systems has not been widely studied. Recent studies of the collagen architecture of articular cartilage, growth cartilage, and the developing deer's antler have employed physical optical principles with polarized light microscopy to demonstrate fiber fine structure in large areas of tissue. These studies have been supported by and complement those using electron microscopy techniques. The present study shows the fibrous architecture of the antler velvet, a tissue responsible for the annual production of a massive true bone structure in the deer.

Evaluation of analgesic effectiveness of infrared radiation and interference currents in degenerative diseases

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Malgorzata Kawa ◽  
Ewa Muszynska ◽  
Malgorzata Kowza-Dzwonkowska
Keyword(s):  
Knee Joint ◽  
Pharmacological Treatment ◽  
Infrared Radiation ◽  
Analgesic Effect ◽  
Degenerative Disease ◽  
Treatment Evaluation ◽  
Degenerative Changes ◽  
Degenerative Diseases ◽  
Age Range

AbstractBackground: The aim of this research is to evaluate analgesic effectiveness of infrared radiation and interference currents in degenerative diseases of joints. On the grounds of current practical and theoretical experience, the following hypothesis was formed: Application of interference currents and infrared radiation constitutes effective analgesic therapy in degenerative diseases, and in the case of the applied treatment, its effectiveness is long-term.Material/Methods: Tests were conducted on a group consisting of 32 women and men in the age range of 65-87 years of age suffering from a degenerative disease of the knee joint. The patients were applied a series of 10 treatments with application of the Sollux lamp for 15 minutes and interference currents of 50-100 HZ frequency for 5 minutes and 90- 100 Hz for 10 minutes during treatment. Evaluation of the efficiency of therapy was checked by means of the VAS scale and the Laitinen scale.Results: The results indicate an efficient analgesic effect according to the VAS scale immediately after treatment p = 0.002 and a month after treatment p = 0.000 as well as according to the Laitinen scale immediately after treatment p = 0.004 and a month after treatment p = 0.004.Conclusions: Application of infrared radiation and interference currents indicates an analgesic effect. These treatments may be alternative or supportive to pharmacological treatment in the case of degenerative changes in people who are over 65 years of age. Results of the research suggest continuation of further research on the effectiveness of the above-mentioned therapy and the length of preserving analgesic results in people with degenerative diseases of joints

scholarly journals Polarized light microscopic analyses of collagen fibers in the rat incisor periodontal ligament in relation to areas, regions, and ages

2002 ◽  
Vol 268 (4) ◽  
pp. 381-387 ◽  
Author(s):  
Koichiro Komatsu ◽  
Lis Mosekilde ◽  
Andrus Viidik ◽  
Mototsugu Chiba
Keyword(s):  
Periodontal Ligament ◽  
Polarized Light ◽  
Collagen Fibers ◽  
Rat Incisor

scholarly journals Possible effects of the Agaricus brasiliensis extract on the cardiac morphology in mice

2015 ◽  
Vol 32 (01) ◽  
pp. 016-021
Author(s):  
E. Lessna ◽  
L. Bruning ◽  
C. Bolina ◽  
D. Lima ◽  
I. Watanabe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Structural Characteristics ◽  
Muscle Fibers ◽  
Polarized Light ◽  
Microscopic Analysis ◽  
Collagen Type I ◽  
Collagen Fibers ◽  
Herbal Remedies ◽  
Type I ◽  
Agaricus Brasiliensis ◽  
Swiss Mice

Abstract Introduction: Mushroom extracts are used, mainly due to immunomodulatory and antitumor proprierties. Among the general and species is the Agaricus brasiliensis or SunMushroom. However herbal remedies can cause changes in morphology and functionality of various organs. Therefore, these reporters need to be analyzed for applicability of this compound. The aim of the present study was to analyze the structural characteristics of the heart of Swiss mice employing light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy methods. Materials and methods: Swiss mice were used, divided into 2 groups: Control (n=6) and Agaricus brasiliensis (n=6), and the second group treated with the extract daily. After 60 days, under anesthesia withdrew from the samples, which were submitted to histological routine for obtaining serial sections. Results: Microscopic analysis revealed the aspects of the heart of Swiss mice: The formation of layers (epicardium, myocardium and endocardium) with partial view of the papillary muscles. Using the technique of Picro-Sirius: In yellow, the muscle fibers; in red, collagen fibers. Under polarized light, show the types of collagen fibers in red and green, significant collagen type I and III respectively. Conclusion: The arrangement of muscle fibers and collagen did not vary between the two groups.

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