scholarly journals Histomorphology of digestive tract in two closely related mountain newts (Salamandridae: Neurergus kaiseri and Neurergus microspilotus)

2015 ◽  
Vol 32 (04) ◽  
pp. 219-226 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Parto ◽  
S. Vaissi ◽  
M. Sharifi
Keyword(s):  
Digestive Tract ◽  
Large Intestine ◽  
Feeding Habits ◽  
Periodic Acid ◽  
Single Layer ◽  
Body Cavity ◽  
The Body ◽  
Morphological Description ◽  
Hematoxylin And Eosin ◽  
Lymph Capillaries

Abstract Introduction: The digestive system of vertebrates presents various structural and functional adaptations to their diverse feeding habits. Material and methods: Anatomical, histological and histochemical examinations were made from digestive tract in two closely related mountain newts (Salamandridae: Neurergus mierospilotus and Neurergus kaiseri). Sections were stained with Hematoxylin and Eosin, Periodic Acid SchifPs and Alcian Blue. Results: In both species the pharynx and esophagus are covered by psudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium with goblet cell which is positive with PAS and AB. The stomach in N. kaiseri and N. mierospilotus is a straight, expanded conical tube, laying slightly to the left side of the body cavity, and terminating at the pylorus. The stomach is divided into three distinct parts, the cardia, fundus and pylorus. Although in both species the epithelium of the stomach surface and of the lining of the crypts consists of a single layer of high columnar cell, but the apical portion of the cells in N.kaiseri consists of homogeneous acidophilic granules while in N.mierospilotus is foamy. The duodenum is short and is sharply reflexed along the medial aspect of the stomach. Duodenum in N. kaiseri and N. mierospilotus shows villi which consists of the epithelial covering and a core of connective tissue containing blood and lymph capillaries. The large intestine in both N. kaiseri and N. mierospilotus is located along the median line. The intestine is a coiled tube of a regular diameter, larger than, that of the duodenum. Histologically, these are no villi in large intestine and goblet cells rise to numerous. The epithelium is simple columnar, and the lamina propria and submocosa are strongly reduced. Conclusion: The findings of this study demonstrate that the morphological description of the digestive tract of N. kaiseri and N. mierospilotus are very similar and can be extended to the other newts.

scholarly journals The development of Psychodiella sergenti (Apicomplexa: Eugregarinorida) in Phlebotomus sergenti (Diptera: Psychodidae)

Parasitology ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 139 (6) ◽  
pp. 726-734 ◽  
Author(s):  
LUCIE LANTOVA ◽  
PETR VOLF
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Periodic Acid ◽  
Body Cavity ◽  
The Body ◽  
Sand Fly ◽  
Intestinal Lumen ◽  
Periodic Acid Schiff ◽  
Phlebotomus Sergenti ◽  
Schiff Reaction

SUMMARYPsychodiella sergenti is a recently described specific pathogen of the sand fly Phlebotomus sergenti, the main vector of Leishmania tropica. The aim of this study was to examine the life cycle of Ps. sergenti in various developmental stages of the sand fly host. The microscopical methods used include scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy and light microscopy of native preparations and histological sections stained with periodic acid-Schiff reaction. Psychodiella sergenti oocysts were observed on the chorion of sand fly eggs. In 1st instar larvae, sporozoites were located in the ectoperitrophic space of the intestine. No intracellular stages were found. In 4th instar larvae, Ps. sergenti was mostly located in the ectoperitrophic space of the intestine of the larvae before defecation and in the intestinal lumen of the larvae after defecation. In adults, the parasite was recorded in the body cavity, where the sexual development was triggered by a bloodmeal intake. Psychodiella sergenti has several unique features. It develops sexually exclusively in sand fly females that took a bloodmeal, and its sporozoites bear a distinctive conoid (about 700 nm long), which is more than 4 times longer than conoids of the mosquito gregarines.

THE DIGESTIVE TRACT OF HERMODICE CARUNCULATA (PALLAS). POLYCHAETA: AMPHINOMIDAE

1963 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 165-184 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joan Rattenbury Marsden
Keyword(s):  
Digestive Tract ◽  
Buccal Cavity ◽  
Periodic Acid ◽  
The Body ◽  
Gut Contents ◽  
Secretory Cells ◽  
Stomatogastric Nervous System ◽  
Foreign Inclusion ◽  
Periodic Acid Schiff ◽  
Hermodice Carunculata

Hermodice carunculata is common among the coral reefs and shallow waters of the West Indies where it has been observed to feed on living coral. Examination of gut contents reveals that this species is probably omnivorous. The digestive tract consists of five regions, a buccal cavity which is eversible, a muscular pharynx, a short oesophagus, an intestine which can be separated histologically into anterior and posterior regions, and a rectum. Elaborations of the buccal epithelium form muscular and glandular areas. Secretory materials are formed in considerable quantity by the glandular portion of the buccal cavity and by the anterior intestine. Secretory cells present in lesser abundance in other areas are described. Amoebocytes laden with foreign particles may accumulate in the wall of the rectum. Other foreign inclusion masses may be found in the epithelia of the buccal cavity, pharynx, and oesophagus as well as in the mid-ventral line of the body wall. The various parts of the digestive tract were tested for Y metachromasia with azure A and were treated with the periodic acid Schiff technique. The stomatogastric nervous system was followed.

3. On the Structure of Tubifex

1872 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 166-166
Author(s):  
W. C. M'Intosh
Keyword(s):  
Blood Vessel ◽  
Digestive Tract ◽  
Body Cavity ◽  
The Body ◽  
Detailed Account ◽  
Closed Chamber ◽  
External Form

The paper consisted of a detailed account of the external form; the arrangement of the body-cavity and its walls; the perivisceral space and corpuscles; the digestive, circulatory, and generative systems.It was specially mentioned, in regard to the perivisceral corpuscles, that the author was not at all inclined to think that they originated from the glandular fatty coating of the digestive tract and the dorsal blood-vessel. The corpuscles seem rather to be the product of the perivisceral cavity itself and its special (free) contents. This view requires no stretch of ordinary physiological principles, and is quite in keeping with what is found in other groups. In the Nemerteans, for instance, a complex corpusculated fluid is produced within a closed chamber with smooth walls.

scholarly journals VIII.—On the Comparative Histology and Physiology of the Spleen

1897 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 253-316 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. J. Whiting
Keyword(s):  
Single Layer ◽  
Body Cavity ◽  
The Body ◽  
General Description ◽  
Endothelial Layer ◽  
Splenic Parenchyma ◽  
Tunica Propria ◽  
Splenic Vessels ◽  
Peritoneal Lining ◽  
Comparative Histology

The following general description of the capsule, trabeculæ, and sheaths of the splenic vessels is based on the examination of the spleen of the Kitten.The Tunica serosa consists of a single layer of somewhat thick endothelial cells, which is continuous with the peritoneal lining of the body cavity, and in addition of a thin layer of very finely fibrillated connective tissue that lies immediately subjacent to the endothelial layer.The Tunica propria differs from a true capsule in that it blends along its whole under surface with the splenic parenchyma, from which it cannot be detached without tearing the splenic substance.

Anatomi Saluran Pencernaan biawak air (Varanus salvator) (Reptil: Varanidae)

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahfud Mahfud ◽  
Ihwan
Keyword(s):  
Small Intestine ◽  
Digestive Tract ◽  
Large Intestine ◽  
Scientific Information ◽  
Tissue Perfusion ◽  
Animal Population ◽  
Varanus Salvator ◽  
Commercial Purpose ◽  
Left And Right ◽  
Biology Laboratory

Excessive hunting and poaching for commercial purpose of Varanus salvator in Indonesia can cause a decline in this animal population. However, the scientific information of this animal especially about the biologic of organ system is rarely reported. Therefore, this case opens up opportunities for researching, which aims to study the anatomy of digestive tract of water monitor macroscopically. This research has been conducted in Biology Laboratory, University of Muhammadiyah Kupang for 5 months from March to August 2016. The digestive organ of this animal that has been preserved in alcohol 70% was obtained before from two males of water monitors. Preservation process: the animal were anesthetized, exsanguinated, and fixated in 4 paraformaldehyde by tissue perfusion method. Observations were performed to the visceral site and morphometrical of digestive tract. The resulted data was analysed descriptively and presented in tables and figures. The digestive tract of water monitor consist of esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine and cloaca. The dimension of each organ is different based on its structures and functions. The esophagus of water monitor connects the mouth cavity and the stomach and also as the entrance of food to the stomach. Water monitor stomach were found in cranial part of abdomen, in left side of liver. The small intestine was longer than stomach and it is a winding muscular tube in abdomen in posterior side of liver. The large intestine consist of colon and cloaca, while cecum was not found. This channel was extend lateromedially in abdomen to cloaca between left and right kidneys. The cloaca was the end of digestive tract which excreted feces and urine. From this research, we can conclude that the digestive tract of water monitor consists of esophagus, stomach, small intestine, and large intestine. It’s difficult to differentiate small intestine and large intestine because there are no cecum.

scholarly journals Membranous nephropathy associated with multicentric Castleman’s disease that was successfully treated with tocilizumab: a case report and review of the literature

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryosuke Saiki ◽  
Kan Katayama ◽  
Yosuke Hirabayashi ◽  
Keiko Oda ◽  
Mika Fujimoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Membranous Nephropathy ◽  
Periodic Acid ◽  
Castleman’S Disease ◽  
Basement Membranes ◽  
The Body ◽  
Castleman's Disease ◽  
Multicentric Castleman’S Disease ◽  
High Zinc ◽  
Secondary Membranous Nephropathy ◽  
Multicentric Castleman's Disease

Abstract Background Multicentric Castleman’s disease is a life-threatening disorder involving a systemic inflammatory response and multiple organ failure caused by the overproduction of interleukin-6. Although renal complications of Castleman’s disease include AA amyloidosis, thrombotic microangiopathy, and membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis, membranous nephropathy is relatively rare. We experienced a case of secondary membranous nephropathy associated with Castleman’s disease. Case presentation The patient was a 43-year-old Japanese man who had shown a high zinc sulfate value in turbidity test, polyclonal hypergammaglobulinemia, anemia, and proteinuria. A physical examination revealed diffuse lymphadenopathy, an enlarged spleen and papulae of the body trunk. A skin biopsy of a papule on the patient’s back showed plasma cells in the perivascular area and he was diagnosed with multicentric Castleman’s disease, plasma cell variant. Kidney biopsy showed the appearance of bubbling in the glomerular basement membranes in Periodic acid methenamine silver stain and electron microscopy revealed electron dense deposits within and outside the glomerular basement membranes. Since immunofluorescence study showed predominant granular deposition of IgG1 and IgG2, he was diagnosed with secondary membranous nephropathy associated with Castleman’s disease. He was initially treated with prednisolone alone, however his biochemical abnormalities did not improve. After intravenous tocilizumab (700 mg every 2 weeks) was started, his C-reactive protein elevation, anemia, and polyclonal gammopathy improved. Furthermore, his urinary protein level declined from 1.58 g/gCr to 0.13 g/gCr. The prednisolone dose was gradually tapered, then discontinued. He has been stable without a recurrence of proteinuria for more than 6 months. Conclusions Tocilizumab might be a treatment option for secondary membranous nephropathy associated with Castleman’s disease.

scholarly journals Deep learning-based transformation of H&E stained tissues into special stains

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin de Haan ◽  
Yijie Zhang ◽  
Jonathan E. Zuckerman ◽  
Tairan Liu ◽  
Anthony E. Sisk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Visual Inspection ◽  
Kidney Diseases ◽  
Periodic Acid ◽  
Needle Core Biopsy ◽  
Silver Stain ◽  
Periodic Acid Schiff ◽  
Tissue Sections ◽  
Biopsy Tissue ◽  
Hematoxylin And Eosin

AbstractPathology is practiced by visual inspection of histochemically stained tissue slides. While the hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) stain is most commonly used, special stains can provide additional contrast to different tissue components. Here, we demonstrate the utility of supervised learning-based computational stain transformation from H&E to special stains (Masson’s Trichrome, periodic acid-Schiff and Jones silver stain) using kidney needle core biopsy tissue sections. Based on the evaluation by three renal pathologists, followed by adjudication by a fourth pathologist, we show that the generation of virtual special stains from existing H&E images improves the diagnosis of several non-neoplastic kidney diseases, sampled from 58 unique subjects (P = 0.0095). A second study found that the quality of the computationally generated special stains was statistically equivalent to those which were histochemically stained. This stain-to-stain transformation framework can improve preliminary diagnoses when additional special stains are needed, also providing significant savings in time and cost.

Some Experiments on the Extra-Corporeal Hatching of the Eggs of Ascaris suum

1939 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 69-82 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. W. Fenwick
Keyword(s):  
Hydrochloric Acid ◽  
Digestive Tract ◽  
Sodium Carbonate ◽  
Ascaris Suum ◽  
The Body ◽  
Very Old ◽  
The Past ◽  
Pancreatic Fluid ◽  
Sand Cultures ◽  
Made In

Numerous attempts have been made in the past to induce the eggs of Ascaris suum to hatch outside the body of the host. Extra-corporeal hatching has been observed under a variety of conditions by different workers. Kondo (1920, 1922), Asada (1921) and others record hatching in water, charcoal and sand cultures. Wharton (1915) states that hatching will occur in alkaline digestive juices, while Martin (1913) records a similar phenomenon in pancreatic fluid. Many different explanations have been offered to explain this hatching. Wharton suggested that the interaction of algae and sand might have some effect. Ohba (1923), who found that hatching would occur in 0·2% hydrochloric acid and 0·2% sodium carbonate believed that extra-corporeal hatching was limited to very old cultures of eggs. Many workers are of the opinion that some stimulus normally present in the digestive tract is necessary for hatching.

Myiasis in Bufo regularis caused by a Tabanid Larva

Parasitology ◽  
1924 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 111-112
Author(s):  
Edward Hindle
Keyword(s):  
Fibrous Tissue ◽  
Dorsal Surface ◽  
Body Cavity ◽  
The Body ◽  
Careful Examination ◽  
Large Female ◽  
Considerable Time ◽  
Ventral Region ◽  
Cylindrical Structure ◽  
The Right

In December, 1922, whilst dissecting a large female example of Bufo regularis, one of my students noticed a cylindrical structure extending along the ventral region of the body-cavity. A careful examination showed that this structure consisted of an elongated sac-like diverticulum of the right lung, containing an almost full-grown specimen of a dipterous larva, which could be seen through the membraneous wall of the diverticulum. The base of the latter, in addition to its point of origin from the lung, was also connected to the dorsal surface of the liver by strands of fibrous tissue, suggesting that the growth had been in existence some considerable time in order to cause such adhesions. Posteriorly, the diverticulum hung freely in the body cavity and extended to the extreme hinder end. Its dimensions were 5·5 cm. in length, by 0·5 cm. in diameter, but tapering towards each extremity.

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