Coastal food web structure, carbon storage, and nitrogen retention regulated by consumer pressure and nutrient loading

2000 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 339-349 ◽  
Author(s):  
Boris Worm ◽  
Heike K. Lotze ◽  
Ulrich Sommer
Keyword(s):  
Food Web ◽  
Carbon Storage ◽  
Nutrient Loading ◽  
Nitrogen Retention ◽  
Food Web Structure ◽  
Web Structure

Food web structure and nutrient enrichment: effects on sediment phosphorus retention in whole-lake experiments

2000 ◽  
Vol 57 (7) ◽  
pp. 1524-1533 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey N Houser ◽  
Stephen R Carpenter ◽  
Jon J Cole
Keyword(s):  
Food Web ◽  
Mass Balance ◽  
Sediment Trap ◽  
Nutrient Loading ◽  
Sediment Cores ◽  
Phosphorus Transport ◽  
Food Web Structure ◽  
Web Structure ◽  
P Flux ◽  
P Retention

A series of whole-lake manipulations of both food web structure and nutrient loading rate revealed that the downward vertical P flux was significantly affected by food web structure. Food webs and nutrient input rates of two lakes were manipulated while a third lake served as a reference system. Phosphorus transport to the sediments was examined by three independent methods: mass-balance budgets, sediment traps, and sediment cores. After 2 years of pretreatment study, manipulated lakes were fertilized for 5 years at rates that were similar within each year but varied among years from 0.97 to 6.0 mg P·m-2·day-1. Increased vertical P flux was associated with the increased abundance of large-bodied zooplankton grazers such as Daphnia pulex. Vertical P flux increased with P input rates, but the increase was often insufficient to prevent P accumulation in the water column. Sediment trap measurements of the vertical P flux were significantly higher than the long-term sediment P retention measured by sediment cores and the seasonal sediment P retention calculated by mass balance. Using 210Pb data from the sediment cores, we corrected the sediment trap measurements of vertical P flux for focusing and brought them into better agreement with the seasonal sediment P retention calculated by mass balance.

Effects of whole-lake manipulations of nutrient loading and food web structure on planktonic respiration

2000 ◽  
Vol 57 (2) ◽  
pp. 487-496 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael L Pace ◽  
Jonathan J Cole
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Dissolved Organic Carbon ◽  
Food Web ◽  
Bacterial Production ◽  
Nutrient Loading ◽  
Nutrient Loads ◽  
Food Web Structure ◽  
Eutrophic Lakes ◽  
Dark Bottle ◽  
Web Structure

We assessed planktonic respiration in whole-lake manipulations of nutrient loading and food web structure in three manipulated and one unmanipulated lake over 7 years. The manipulations created strong contrasts in zooplankton body size across a series of nutrient loads. Large-bodied zooplankton were suppressed by planktivorous fish in one lake, while in the other two manipulated lakes, large-bodied zooplankton dominated community biomass. Nutrients were added as inorganic N and P. Nutrient loads ranged from background to conditions resembling eutrophic lakes. Planktonic respiration was measured weekly in each lake by dark bottle oxygen consumption. Respiration was low when lakes were not fertilized (average 8.5 µmol O2·L-1·day-1) and was correlated with differences in dissolved organic carbon among the lakes. Respiration increased with nutrient addition to a mean range of 12-25 µmol O2·L-1·day-1; however, respiration differed among lakes at the same nutrient loading. Further, respiration was independent of dissolved organic carbon in the fertilized lakes. Differences in the intensity of zooplankton grazing as determined by food web structure strongly regulated primary and bacterial production across the range of nutrient loads. Consequently, respiration was positively related to primary production, phytoplankton biomass, and bacterial production and inversely related to the average size of crustacean zooplankton.

Invasive rodents have multiple indirect effects on seabird island invertebrate food web structure

2017 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 1190-1198 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joshua J. Thoresen ◽  
David Towns ◽  
Sebastian Leuzinger ◽  
Mel Durrett ◽  
Christa P. H. Mulder ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Web ◽  
Indirect Effects ◽  
Food Web Structure ◽  
Web Structure ◽  
Invasive Rodents

scholarly journals Hydrodynamics drive pelagic communities and food web structure in a tidal environment

2020 ◽  
Vol 106 (2) ◽  
pp. 69-85
Author(s):  
Matthew J. Young ◽  
Frederick Feyrer ◽  
Paul R. Stumpner ◽  
Veronica Larwood ◽  
Oliver Patton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Web ◽  
Food Web Structure ◽  
Web Structure ◽  
Pelagic Communities

scholarly journals The more food webs change, the more they stay the same

2009 ◽  
Vol 364 (1524) ◽  
pp. 1789-1801 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin Shear McCann ◽  
Neil Rooney
Keyword(s):  
Food Web ◽  
Food Webs ◽  
Temporal Variability ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Variability ◽  
Scale Invariant ◽  
Food Web Structure ◽  
Behavioural Responses ◽  
Web Structure ◽  
Food Web Ecology ◽  
Food Web Theory

Here, we synthesize a number of recent empirical and theoretical papers to argue that food-web dynamics are characterized by high amounts of spatial and temporal variability and that organisms respond predictably, via behaviour, to these changing conditions. Such behavioural responses on the landscape drive a highly adaptive food-web structure in space and time. Empirical evidence suggests that underlying attributes of food webs are potentially scale-invariant such that food webs are characterized by hump-shaped trophic structures with fast and slow pathways that repeat at different resolutions within the food web. We place these empirical patterns within the context of recent food-web theory to show that adaptable food-web structure confers stability to an assemblage of interacting organisms in a variable world. Finally, we show that recent food-web analyses agree with two of the major predictions of this theory. We argue that the next major frontier in food-web theory and applied food-web ecology must consider the influence of variability on food-web structure.

Environmental warming alters food-web structure and ecosystem function

Nature ◽  
10.1038/47023 ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 402 (6757) ◽  
pp. 69-72 ◽  
Author(s):  
Owen L. Petchey ◽  
P. Timon McPhearson ◽  
Timothy M. Casey ◽  
Peter J. Morin
Keyword(s):  
Food Web ◽  
Ecosystem Function ◽  
Food Web Structure ◽  
Web Structure ◽  
Environmental Warming
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