scholarly journals Isolation and Antimicrobial Sensitivity Testing of Escherichia coli from Fish Meat Retailing Shops of Mekelle City, Ethiopia

1970 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 229-238
Author(s):  
Teklu Awot ◽  
Alemayhu Tehetna ◽  
Assefa Shishay ◽  
Getachew Belayneh ◽  
Hagos Yohannes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Sensitivity Test ◽  
Isolation And Identification ◽  
Sensitivity Testing ◽  
Fish Meat ◽  
Antimicrobial Sensitivity ◽  
Fish Samples ◽  
Mekelle City

The present study was conducted for the period of six months, September, 2016 to February, 2017 so as to isolate and identify Escherichia (E.coli) from fresh fish samples collected from four different retailing shops in Mekelle city and determine the antibiotic resistance pattern of isolated bacteria. Isolation and identification of E.coli and antibiotic sensitivity test were performed following the standard microbiological techniques. The antibiotic resistance patterns of the E.coli isolates were tested against 6 different antibiotics, namely Ampicillin, Amoxicillin, Ciprofloxacin, Norfloxacin, Gentamicin and Streptomycin. Accordingly, out of the total 96 fish samples collected and analyzed, 9(9.4%) were positive for E.coli following the primary and secondary biochemical test results. Out of the four fish meat retailing shops, the highest and statistically significant prevalence (P=0.001) of E.coli was recorded in shop III as 5(20.8%) followed by shop II as 4(16.7%).Furthermore, results of the antimicrobial sensitivity test have shown that all of the isolates were completely significantly (P=0.001) resistant to two antibiotics (Ampicillin and Amoxicillin) and 100% significantly susceptible (P=0.001) to three of the antibiotics (Ciprofloxacin, Norfloxacin, and Gentamicin). Whereas, out of the 9 isolates, 2 isolates (22.2%) were intermediate and 7 isolates (77.8%) were susceptible to Streptomycin. Hence, it can be concluded that fishes from Mekelle shops do contain antimicrobial resistant pathogenic E.coli where the proportion of these isolates significantly (P<0.001) varies from shop to shop. In spite of the lesser practice of their utilization, Ciprofloxacin, Norfloxacin, and Gentamicin were found to be the best antimicrobials to treat E.coli associated infections in the study area. However, it is suggested that post-harvest hygienic management practices are to be practiced along the fish production-marketing chain.Antibiotic sensitivity test, Escherichia coli, Fish, Mekelle, Retailing shops.

scholarly journals EVALUATION OF THE IMPACT OF PLASMID CURING ON ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE ON SOME CLINICAL ISOLATES OF ESCHERICHIA COLI

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 323-327
Author(s):  
Mamunu Abdulkadir SULAIMAN ◽  
H.S Muhammad ◽  
Aliyu Muhammad Sani ◽  
Aminu Ibrahim ◽  
Ibrahim Muhammad Hussain ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Clinical Isolates ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Plasmid Curing ◽  
Sensitivity Testing ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Risk Of Death ◽  
Mar Index ◽  
The Impact

Multidrug resistance (MDR) exhibited by some strains of Escherichia coli may be due to acquiring mobile genetic element (R-plasmid) by the bacteria, or intrinsically induced by inappropriate use of antibiotics by the hosts.  Infection by such strains may result to prolonged illness and greater risk of death. The study evaluated the impact of curing on antibiotic resistance on selected clinical isolates of E. coli. Twenty clinical isolates of E. coli from our previous studies were re-characterized using conventional microbiological techniques. Antibiotic sensitivity testing was determined by disk diffusion method, MDR selected based on resistance to ≥ 2 classes of antibiotics. Multiple antibiotic resistance (MAR) index was determined as ratio of the number of antibiotic resisted to the total number of antibiotics tested and considered significant if ≥. 0.2. The isolates that showed significant MAR index were subjected to plasmid curing using acridine orange, thereafter, profiled for plasmid and the cured ones were re-tested against the antibiotics they initially resisted. Out of the 20 isolates, 19 (95%) were confirmed as E. coli, all (100%) of which were MDRs, which was highest against augmentin (78.9%) followed by amoxacillin (52.6%). However, after the plasmid curing only 6 (31.6%) out of the 19 isolates cured retained significant MAR index and the level of the significance had reduced drastically in 16 (84.2%) isolates. Conclusively, curing assay can completely eliminate R-plasmid acquired resistance. More studied on plasmid curing agents for possible augmentation of the agents into antibiotics may see the rise of successful antibiotic era again.

scholarly journals Bacteremic Pneumonia Caused by Penicillin-Resistant Pneumococci: Case Report and Review with a Canadian Perspective

1992 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 185-188
Author(s):  
David R Burdge ◽  
Vincent C Woo ◽  
Patricia MA Ritchie
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Streptococcus Pneumoniae ◽  
Minimal Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Penicillin Resistance ◽  
Sensitivity Testing ◽  
Antimicrobial Sensitivity ◽  
Canadian Perspective ◽  
Bacteremic Pneumonia

A Canadian adult with bacteremic pneumonia caused by a relatively penicillin-resistant (minimal inhibitory concentration 0.25 μg/mL) Streptococcus pneumoniae is reported, and the published literature regarding penicillin-resistant pneumococci in Canada reviewed. Although penicillin resistance has been reported infrequently to date, this case emphasizes the need for routine antimicrobial sensitivity testing of all pneumococci isolated from normally sterile sites, and for ongoing systematic surveillance for penicillin and other antibiotic resistance in Canada.

scholarly journals Detection of biofilm among uropathogenic Escherichia coli and its correlation with antibiotic resistance pattern

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (01) ◽  
pp. 017-022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rashmi M. Karigoudar ◽  
Mahesh H. Karigoudar ◽  
Sanjay M. Wavare ◽  
Smita S. Mangalgi
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Agar Plate ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Resistance Pattern ◽  
Susceptibility Pattern ◽  
Sensitivity Testing ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Tract Infections

Abstract BACKGROUND: Escherichia coli accounts for 70%–95% of urinary tract infections (UTIs). UTI is a serious health problem with respect to antibiotic resistance and biofilms formation being the prime cause for the antibiotic resistance. Biofilm can restrict the diffusion of substances and binding of antimicrobials. In this context, the present study is aimed to perform in vitro detection of biofilm formation among E. coli strains isolated from urine and to correlate their susceptibility pattern with biofilm formation. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 100 E. coli strains isolated from patients suffering from UTI were included in the study. The identification of E. coli was performed by colony morphology, Gram staining, and standard biochemical tests. The detection of biofilm was carried out by Congo Red Agar (CRA) method, tube method (TM), and tissue culture plate (TCP) method. Antimicrobial sensitivity testing was performed by Kirby–Bauer disc diffusion method on Muller–Hinton agar plate. RESULTS: Of the 100 E. coli strains, 49 (49%) and 51 (51%) were from catheterized and noncatheterized patients, respectively. Biofilm production was positive by CRA, TM, and TCP method were 49 (49%), 55 (55%), and 69 (69%), respectively. Biofilm producers showed maximum resistance to co-trimoxazole (73.9%), gentamicin (94.2%), and imipenem (11.6%) when compared to nonbiofilm producers. Significant association was seen between resistance to antibiotic and biofilm formation with a P = 0.01 (<0.05). CONCLUSION: A greater understanding of biofilm detection in E. coli will help in the development of newer and more effective treatment. The detection of biofilm formation and antibiotic susceptibility pattern helps in choosing the correct antibiotic therapy.

scholarly journals Screening for microbial load and antibiotic resistance pattern in Escherichia coli isolated from paper currency circulating in Kushtia, Bangladesh

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 1161 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. M. Raihan Rahman ◽  
Md. Nazim Uddin ◽  
Zulkar Nain ◽  
Mohammad Minnatul Karim
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Grocery Store ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Isolation And Identification ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Pseudomonas Spp ◽  
Paper Currency

Background: Paper currency is used for every type of commerce and plays an important role in the life of human beings. They are exchanged and come into contact with different environments and many different individuals during their circulation. Therefore, they can become contaminated with microorganisms and transfer bacteria across environments. The present study was aimed for quantitative assessment of microorganisms in circulated paper currency from Kushtia, Bangladesh and antibiotic resistant profiles of isolated Escherichia coli.Methods: A total of 10 paper currency samples currently in circulation involving three denominations (5, 10 and 500) were randomly collected from individuals involved in various occupations including street beggar, local hotel, bus conductor, poultry seller, vegetable seller, fish seller, commercial bank, ATM booth, tea seller, grocery store in Kushtia city, Bangladesh. Selective culture and biochemical tests were performed for the isolation and identification of microbial pathogens. Antibiotic resistance profiles were evaluated for isolated Escherichia coli using Kirby-Bauer method according to CLSI guidelines.Results: Aerobic mesophilic bacteria, Enterobacteriaceae and Pseudomonas spp. were the highest in paper currency from local hotel and ATM booth. Enterobacteriaceae (including coliforms) were predominantly present in paper currencies collected from local hotel, grocery, fish seller and beggar while Pseudomonas spp. were found in currency notes obtained from ATM booth, poultry farm, vegetable seller and local hotel. Antibiotic resistant profiles of E. coli isolated from local hotel currency showed that 50% of E. coli isolates were multidrug resistant. The highest resistant profile was observed against penicillin (95%) followed by polypeptide (75%), cephalosporin (50%), quinolone (30%) and sulfonamide (5%) groups of antibiotics.Conclusions: Multiple antibiotic resistant pathogenic bacteria are prevalent in paper currency regardless of their sources. Paper currency could contribute in transmission of infectious disease as well as in antibiotic resistance, therefore, should be handled carefully.

Serotype Identification and Drug Sensitive Test of the Pathogenic Escherichia coli

2010 ◽  
Vol 96 ◽  
pp. 207-213 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tie Zhang ◽  
Chun Guang Wang ◽  
Wei Han ◽  
Dong Bin Zhu ◽  
Xing Hua Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Scientific Research ◽  
Sensitivity Test ◽  
Sensitive Test ◽  
Poultry Farms ◽  
Serotype Identification ◽  
Antibiotics Sensitivity ◽  
Breeding Farms

Thirty-eight isolates of Escherichia coli (E.coli) were isolated from chickens either ill or dead suspected with E.coli. These chickens come from chicken breeding farms in the districts of Baoding, Qinhuangdao and Beijing of China. The results of the antibiotics sensitivity test in the thirty-eight isolates to twenty-four kinds of antibiotics show that all isolates have presented antibiotic resistance disparately as well as multiresistance. All isolates are sensitive to Cephalosporins antibiotics and Aminoglycosides antibiotics such as Amikacin, Cefazolin, Cefradine, Cefoperazone and Ceftriaxone. Thirty-eight isolates are extremely resistant to Penicillins antibiotics, Lincomycins antibiotics, Tetracyclines antibiotics and Macrolides antibiotics such as Midecamycine, Lincomycin, Carbenicillin, Tetracycline, Amoxicillin. Antibiotics sensitivity test provides a guidance for antibiotic application and scientific research on poultry farms.

scholarly journals Identification of Genes Coding Aminoglycoside Modifying Enzymes inE. coliof UTI Patients in India

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdul Rouf Mir ◽  
Yasir Bashir ◽  
Firdous Ahmad Dar ◽  
M. Sekhar
Keyword(s):  
Drug Prescription ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Disc Diffusion ◽  
Isolation And Identification ◽  
Sensitivity Testing ◽  
Resistance Level ◽  
Pcr Screening ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Antimicrobial Sensitivity ◽  
Genes Encoding

This study is to probe the pattern of antibiotic resistance against aminoglycosides and its mechanism inE. coliobtained from patients from Chennai, India. Isolation and identification of pathogens were done on MacConkey agar. Antimicrobial sensitivity testing was done by disc diffusion test. The identification of genes encoding aminoglycoside modifying enzymes was done by Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR). Out of 98 isolates, 71 (72.45%) isolates were identified asE. coliand the remaining 27 (27.55%) as other bacteria. Disc diffusion method results showed a resistance level of 72.15% for streptomycin, 73.4% for gentamicin, 63.26% for neomycin, 57.14% for tobramycin, 47.9% for netilmicin, and 8.16% for amikacin inE. coli. PCR screening showed the presence of four genes, namely,rrs,aacC2,aacA-aphD, andaphA3, in their plasmid DNA. The results point towards the novel mechanism of drug resistance inE. colifrom UTI patients in India as they confirm the presence of genes encoding enzymes that cause resistance to aminoglycoside drugs. This could be an alarm for drug prescription to UTI patients.

scholarly journals Prevalence and antibiotic resistance profile of Listeria spp. associated with seafoods from fish catchment areas in Kerala, India

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 777-783
Author(s):  
K. Vrinda Menon ◽  
B. Sunil ◽  
C. Latha
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Antibiotic Sensitivity ◽  
Sensitivity Test ◽  
Isolation And Identification ◽  
Resistance Profile ◽  
Fresh Fish ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance Profile ◽  
Catchment Areas ◽  
Antibiotic Sensitivity Test ◽  
Serotype 4B

Background and Aim: Listeria monocytogenes is a ubiquitous, intracellular pathogen which has been implicated as a cause of several foodborne outbreaks. This study aimed to generate information on the prevalence and antibiotic resistance profile of Listeria species isolated from seafood. Materials and Methods: A total of 400 samples of fresh fish, 100 samples of dry fish and 200 samples each of crustaceans and mollusks were collected from the fish catchment areas. All the samples were subjected to isolation and identification of Listeria spp. by two-step enrichment in UVM broth and plating on selective agar media (PALCAM) and then subjected to molecular characterization. L. monocytogenes isolates obtained during the study were subjected to serotyping by multiplex polymerase chain reaction. The isolates were also subjected to antibiotic sensitivity test. Results: The prevalence of L. monocytogenes in seafoods in the present study was 0.55%. The isolates of L. monocytogenes were found to possess all virulence genes, namely, iap, hlyA, actA, prfA, plcA, and inlA. All the isolates belonged to serotype 4b. The occurrence of Listeria innocua was found to be more and was detected in 16.77% of seafoods samples. Antibiotic sensitivity test revealed that all isolates were resistant to cefixime but were sensitive to almost all other commonly used antibiotics. Conclusion: The presence of Listeria spp. in raw seafood samples augments the need for implementation of good hygienic practices during the handling and processing of seafoods to safeguard the health of the consumers.

scholarly journals Carriage of ESBL and Amp-C -b -lactamase among Escherichia coli strains isolated from dogs in kennels Dak Lak province

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 1198-1207
Author(s):  
Kien Chi Le ◽  
Cuong Quoc Vo ◽  
Xuan Thanh Tran ◽  
Hung Manh Dang ◽  
Huyen Ngoc My Nguyen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Viet Nam ◽  
Beta Lactamase ◽  
Sensitivity Testing ◽  
Beta Lactamases ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Antimicrobial Sensitivity ◽  
Extended Spectrum ◽  
Genes Encoding

The global prevalence of antimicrobial resistance and Extended-Spectrum and AmpC Beta- Lactamases is continuously widespread among Escherichia coli during recent years, especially in Viet Nam. In Viet Nam, there have been researches on ESBL and AmpC-carrying E. coli inhabiting animal and human. However, studies of antimicrobial resistance in E. coli residing in pets, especially dogs are unavailable. The aim of the study was to investigate the antimicrobial sensitivity testing (AST), the resistance to 3rd cephalosporin and penicillin, also to assess the molecular detection of ESBL and Amp-C-beta -lactamase in E. coli isolates inhabiting the digestive tract of dogs at kennels Dak Lak. By using double disk synergy test (DDST), and ceftazidime-imipenem antagonism test (CIAT) to detect phenotypic characteristic of E. coli strains producing extended-spectrum beta- lactamases (ESBLs) and plasmid-mediated Amp-C-beta -lactamase, and by using multiplex polymerase chain reaction (multiplex PCR) to confirm the presence of ESBL genes (class A): blaCTX-M(1;2;8;9;25), bla TEM, bla SHV , bla OXA and genes encoding AmpC-type beta lactamase (class C): bla MOX-1;2 , bla CMY- (1;2-7;8-11) , blaLAT-(1;4) ,bla DHA-(1;2), bla ACC, bla FOX-(1-5B) ,bla MIR-1 ,bla ACT-1. From of three hundred twelve bacteial strains isolated from sixty-four rectal swabs two hundred sixty-nine E. Coli, isolates accounting for 86%, were identified and isolated, forty-four (16%) and twelve (4%) E. coli isolates encoding with ESBL and Amp-C-beta -lactamases. From molecular diagnosis with regard to phenotype, production of ESBL was shown in thirty-nine (15%) E. coli isolates and Amp-C enzymes in eight (3%) E. coli isolates. The high percentage of E. coli exhibiting antibiotic resistance revealed the accelerated overuse of antibiotics. Result of this study will contribute to the monitoring of epidemiologic resistance.

scholarly journals Phenotypic and Genotypic Study of Antibiotics Resistance Profile in Escherichia coli Isolated from Broilers in Cianjur, Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 97-104
Author(s):  
Aprilia Hardiati ◽  
Safika ◽  
I Wayan Teguh Wibawan ◽  
Fachriyan Hasmi Pasaribu
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Resistant Isolate ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Antibiotics Resistance ◽  
Isolation And Identification ◽  
Resistance Profile ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Encoding Gene

This study aimed to investigate the phenotypic and genotypic of antibiotics resistance profile in Escherichia coli. The 30 samples come from cloacal swab of broilers in Cianjur, Indonesia. Isolation and identification of E. coli was performed by culture in McConkey agar, eosin methylene blue agar, Gram staining and five essential biochemical tests (IMViC). In this study, 10 isolates (33.3%) were confirmed E. coli positive. Phenotypic profile was performed by screening all isolates with 8 antibiotics of 6 antibiotic groups. The screening was carried by Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method based on the standard of CLSI. For genotypic profile, each resistant isolate was detected antibiotic resistance-encoding gene. The result showed all isolates (100%) resistant against tetracyclin, oxytetracycline and erythromycin. Nine isolates (90%) detected nalidixic acid and enrofloxacin-resistant. The ciprofloxacin and gentamicin-resistant isolates were 70% and 40%, respectively. There was no resistant isolate for chloramphenicol. Multi drug-resistant was detected on 90% isolates. Only gyrA (100%) and tetA (80%) genes were detected. This study showed high rate of occurrence of antibiotic resistance in E. coli. Not all resistant isolates were detected in the antibiotic resistance-encoding gene in this study. Future research to detect resistance genes should use more varied target genes.

scholarly journals Antibiotic resistance profiles from isolated bacteria in outpatient infertility clinic in Greece

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 23-30
Author(s):  
D Karakalpakis ◽  
K Kostaras ◽  
K Asonitis ◽  
D Dimitriadi ◽  
T Pittaras ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Chlamydia Trachomatis ◽  
Assisted Reproduction ◽  
Ureaplasma Urealyticum ◽  
Sperm Quality ◽  
Antibiotic Sensitivity ◽  
Rapid Test ◽  
Mycoplasma Hominis ◽  
Sensitivity Testing

Aim: To investigate the prevalence of common aerobic gram positive and gram negative bacteria, Mycoplasma hominis, Ureaplasma urealyticum and Chlamydia trachomatis in symptomatic and asymptomatic Greek patients and to determine antibiotic resistance profiles. Methods: This retrospective study included a total of 316 adult men examined at the Assisted Reproduction Department of IASO- Obstetrics and Gynecology clinic in Athens, Greece. Sperm have been collected and proceed to culture and antibiotic sensitivity at the Central Laboratories following a standard protocol. Results: Twelve inappropriate out of 316 samples were excluded from the study. Out of the remaining 304 sperm samples 111 (37.5 %) were positive. Antibiotic sensitivity testing detected resistances to some commonly used antibiotics such as b-lactams and the quinolones. Ureaplasma urealyticum and Mycoplasma hominis were the most frequently isolated bacteria (45%), followed by Enterobacteriaceae (40%) and Enterococci 12.6%. The majority of 45 Enterobacteriaceae isolates, were Escherichia coli (31 strains/68%) corresponding to 27.9% of the total number of positive cultures. One infection to Chlamydia trachomatis was detected by an immunochromatic rapid test, one Candida sp, one Pseudomonas aeruginosa, two M. hominis and three Streptococcus group B. Escherichia coli were resistant to b lactams in about 38.7% due to b-lactamase, and 22.5%, 9.6%, 6.4%, were resistant to nitrofurantoin, sulfamethoxazole and ciprofloxacin respectively. Enterococci have shown resistance due to b-lactamase and PBP 5 alteration/hyperproduction. Ureaplasmas were resistant to the fluoroquinolones tested ciprofloxacin and ofloxacin, at 72.2% and 62.3% respectively. Conclusion: Carriage of bacteria in sperm is controversial for its contribution in sperm quality and fertility. In our IVF unit, we follow a protocol of isolation and antibiotic profiling of bacteria from sperm culture regardless of their concentration in sperm and giving the numbers/ml. This helps doctors to distinguish carriage or infection and to decide about potential therapy. Given the antibiotic resistances shown by this study, the importance of culture against empiric therapy in assisted reproduction patients is also clearly demonstrated.

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