scholarly journals Does Gambling Harm or Benefit Other Industries? A Systematic Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 44 ◽  
Author(s):  
Virve Marionneau ◽  
Janne Nikkinen

The economic benefits of gambling may be offset by economic harm to other industries. This economic phenomenon, also known as substitution or cannibalization, refers to a new product that diverts consumption and profits from other products or industries. Gambling may displace revenue from other businesses, but economic impact studies on gambling do not consider such shifts between expenditures. This paper presents a systematic review of the available evidence (N = 118) on whether the introduction or expansion of gambling harms or benefits other business activity. Although the issue has been considered in previous review studies, no industry-level analysis is currently available. The results show that such an approach is necessary, as the impacts of gambling on other industries appear to depend strongly on the type of industry, as well as on the location and type of gambling. Industries that are negatively affected by gambling include other recreation, retail and merchandise, manufacturing, and agriculture and mining. Alcohol consumption, construction, and the finance, insurance, and real estate industries, as well as other services, appear to be positively affected by the presence of gambling. In other cases, the evidence is either mixed or inconclusive. These results nevertheless depend strongly on the type of gambling. Destination gambling appears to be more beneficial to other industries than recreational gambling. Overall, the results show that even in cases when gambling does substitute for other industries, the displacement is not complete. The reasons for this and the gaps in the existing evidence and literature are discussed.RésuméLes avantages économiques obtenus des jeux de hasard peuvent être neutralisés par un préjudice économique porté à d’autres secteurs d’activités. Ce phénomène économique, également appelé substitution ou cannibalisation, fait référence au fait qu’un nouveau produit détourne la consommation et les profits tirés d’autres produits ou secteurs d’activités. Les jeux de hasard peuvent également soustraire des revenus d’autres entreprises, mais les études d’impact économique sur les jeux de hasard ne prennent pas en compte de tels mouvements des dépenses. Ce document présente une analyse systématique des preuves disponibles (N = 118) permettant de déterminer si l’introduction ou l’accroissement de l’offre de jeux porte préjudice ou apporte un avantage à d’autres activités économiques. Bien que la question ait été examinée dans une précédente étude, aucune analyse des secteurs d’activité n’est actuellement disponible. Les résultats montrent qu’une telle approche est nécessaire, car les impacts du jeu sur d’autres secteurs d’activités semblent dépendre fortement du type d’activité, mais également de l’emplacement et du type de jeu. Les secteurs qui sont négativement touchés par les jeux de hasard comprennent les autres loisirs, la vente au détail et les marchandises, la fabrication, l’agriculture et les mines. Les ventes d’alcool, la construction, le secteur de la finance, des assurances et de l’immobilier et d’autres services semblent en contrepartie bénéficier de la présence de jeux de hasard. Dans d’autres cas, les preuves sont soit mitigées, soit peu concluantes. Ces résultats dépendent néanmoins fortement du type de jeu. Les destinations de jeux semblent être dans l’ensemble plus avantageuses pour les autres industries que le jeu récréatif. Dans l’ensemble, les résultats montrent que même dans les cas où le jeu se substitue à d’autres activités, le déplacement n’est pas complet. Dans cet article, on aborde les raisons sous-jacentes à ces mouvements ainsi que les lacunes dans les preuves existantes et la littérature.

Author(s):  
Andrea Maugeri ◽  
Martina Barchitta ◽  
Roberta Magnano San Lio ◽  
Maria Clara La Rosa ◽  
Claudia La Mastra ◽  
...  

Several studies—albeit with still inconclusive and limited findings—began to focus on the effect of drinking alcohol on telomere length (TL). Here, we present results from a systematic review of these epidemiological studies to investigate the potential association between alcohol consumption, alcohol-related disorders, and TL. The analysis of fourteen studies—selected from PubMed, Medline, and Web of Science databases—showed that people with alcohol-related disorders exhibited shorter TL, but also that alcohol consumption per se did not appear to affect TL in the absence of alcohol abuse or dependence. Our work also revealed a lack of studies in the periconceptional period, raising the need for evaluating this potential relationship during pregnancy. To fill this gap, we conducted a pilot study using data and samples form the Mamma & Bambino cohort. We compared five non-smoking but drinking women with ten non-smoking and non-drinking women, matched for maternal age, gestational age at recruitment, pregestational body mass index, and fetal sex. Interestingly, we detected a significant difference when analyzing relative TL of leukocyte DNA of cord blood samples from newborns. In particular, newborns from drinking women exhibited shorter relative TL than those born from non-drinking women (p = 0.024). Although these findings appeared promising, further research should be encouraged to test any dose–response relationship, to adjust for the effect of other exposures, and to understand the molecular mechanisms involved.


PLoS ONE ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. e0150120 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristine Husøy Onarheim ◽  
Johanne Helene Iversen ◽  
David E. Bloom

2016 ◽  
Vol 44 (8) ◽  
pp. 799-804 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne H. Salonen ◽  
Hannu Alho ◽  
Sari Castrén

Aims: This study investigates the proportion of concerned significant others (CSOs) of problem gamblers at population level and describes the extent and type of gambling harms for CSOs. Methods: Cross-sectional random sample data ( n = 4515) were collected in 2015. The data were weighted based on age, gender and residence. CSOs were identified using a question including seven options. Gambling harms were inquired using structured questions. Descriptive statistics and Chi-Squared and Fischer’s exact tests were used. Results: Overall, the proportion of CSOs was 19.3%. Males had close friends with gambling problems more often than females, while females had family members with gambling problems more often than males. Of the CSOs, 59.5% had experienced one or more harms. Females experienced more harms than males. Typical harms were worry about health or well-being of close ones, emotional distress and problems in interpersonal relationships. CSOs with a problem gambler in the family, particularly a partner, child/children or mother, experienced harms more often than CSOs with a problem gambler as a close friend. Conclusions: Female gender was associated with a larger extent of harms. The extent of harms was greatest if the problem gambler was a family member; however, a substantial amount of harms were experienced when the problem gambler was a close friend. CSOs and their position in evaluating gambling harms in general should be acknowledged. Persons beyond the nuclear family and the harms they encounter should be better acknowledged in prevention and harm minimisation. Early identification and a clear referral path to tailored support in occupational, social and healthcare settings may be considered.


Epilepsia ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 51 (7) ◽  
pp. 1177-1184 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andriy V. Samokhvalov ◽  
Hyacinth Irving ◽  
Satya Mohapatra ◽  
Jürgen Rehm

Author(s):  
Sarah E. Steane ◽  
Sophia L. Young ◽  
Vicki L. Clifton ◽  
Linda A. Gallo ◽  
Lisa K. Akison ◽  
...  

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