Abnormal Combustion Induced by Combustion Chamber Deposits Derived from Engine Oil Additives in a Spark-Ignited Engine

2014 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 200-205 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kazushi Tamura ◽  
Toshimasa Utaka ◽  
Hideki Kamano ◽  
Norikuni Hayakawa ◽  
Tomomi Miyasaka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Combustion Chamber ◽  
Engine Oil ◽  
Oil Additives ◽  
Combustion Chamber Deposits

Design and Development of a New Landfill/Biogas Engine Oil for Modern, High BMEP Natural Gas Engines

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
John D. Palazzotto ◽  
Joseph Timar ◽  
Alan T. Beckman
Keyword(s):  
Combustion Chamber ◽  
New Product Development ◽  
Power Output ◽  
Landfill Gas ◽  
Combustion Process ◽  
Development Project ◽  
Engine Oil ◽  
Combustion Dynamics ◽  
Brake Mean Effective Pressure ◽  
Combustion Chamber Deposits

The use of higher brake mean effective pressure (BMEP) engines in landfill or alternative gas applications has increased dramatically in the past few years. Operators are using these engines due to their ability to provide lower emissions coupled with improved economics for the end user due to the higher density or power output capability compared to an engine of similar size and displacement. Landfill gas (LFG) quality can vary greatly as well as the contaminant level due to the composition of the landfill. This environment poses unique challenges to both the engine and the engine oil, including shorter oil drain intervals, corrosive attack of engine components, with increased piston and combustion chamber deposits, to name but a few. Maintaining longer oil drain intervals minimizes unscheduled oil drains which can decrease the overall cost of the landfill operation. High BMEP engines provide higher power output but at the cost of increased maintenance in severe fuel applications. Excessive piston crown and combustion chamber deposits from landfill gas impurities can have a deleterious effect on engine emissions, which may lead to the inability to meet local emissions regulations. Engine lubricants must provide adequate oil life as well as minimizing deposit related issues that may negatively impact regular scheduled maintenance cycles, thus reducing engine downtime and increasing revenues. Traditionally, the approach has been that oils formulated for landfill applications used excess base reserve to sufficiently neutralize the acids being formed during the combustion process. Unfortunately, this approach increases the sulfated ash content of the lubricant which lends itself to increased ash deposits and negatively impacts the combustion dynamics of these high BMEP engines, which are sensitive to ash deposition. Based on requests for a longer life lubricant without compromising deposit control characteristics in serve landfill applications, a new product development project was specifically targeted for late model, high BMEP engines, which are prone to detonation and sensitive to ash related deposits. This paper presents the development bench testing, and proof of performance field evaluations of a new generation, low ash landfill gas engine oil.

Design and Development of a New Landfill/Biogas Engine Oil for Modern, High BMEP Natural Gas Engines

2012 ◽  
Vol 134 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
John D. Palazzotto ◽  
Joseph Timar ◽  
Alan T. Beckman
Keyword(s):  
Combustion Chamber ◽  
New Product Development ◽  
Power Output ◽  
Landfill Gas ◽  
Combustion Process ◽  
Development Project ◽  
Engine Oil ◽  
Combustion Dynamics ◽  
Brake Mean Effective Pressure ◽  
Combustion Chamber Deposits

The use of higher brake mean effective pressure (BMEP) engines in landfill or alternative gas applications has dramatically increased in the past few years. Operators are using these engines due to their ability to provide lower emissions, coupled with improved economics for the end user due to the higher density or power output capability compared to an engine of similar size and displacement. Landfill gas (LFG) quality can vary greatly, along with the contaminant level due to the composition of the landfill. This environment poses unique challenges to both the engine and the engine oil, including shorter oil drain intervals, corrosive attack of engine components, with increased piston and combustion chamber deposits, to name but a few. Maintaining longer oil drain intervals minimizes unscheduled oil drains, which can decrease the overall cost of the landfill operation. High BMEP engines provide higher power output, however,at the cost of increased maintenance in severe fuel applications. Excessive piston crown and combustion chamber deposits from landfill gas impurities can have a deleterious effect on engine emissions, which may lead to the inability to meet local emissions regulations. Engine lubricants must provide adequate oil life along with minimizing deposit related issues that may negatively impact regular scheduled maintenance cycles, thus reducing engine downtime and increasing revenues. Traditionally, the approach has been that oils formulated for landfill applications used excess base reserve to sufficiently neutralize the acids being formed during the combustion process. Unfortunately, this approach increases the sulfated ash content of the lubricant, which lends itself to increased ash deposits and negatively impacts the combustion dynamics of these high BMEP engines, which are sensitive to ash deposition. Based upon requests for a longer life lubricant without compromising deposit control characteristics to serve landfill applications, a new product development project was specifically targeted for late model, high BMEP engines, which are prone to detonation and sensitive to ash related deposits. This paper presents the development bench testing, and proof of performance field evaluations of a new generation, low ash landfill gas engine oil.

Nanoscale Studies of the Role of ZDDPs in the Wear Protection in the Automobile Engine

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. R. Norton ◽  
Gavin Pereira ◽  
Yue-Rong Li ◽  
Andreas Lachenwitzer ◽  
Masoud Kasrai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Automobile Industry ◽  
Fuel Efficiency ◽  
Cost Savings ◽  
Engine Oil ◽  
Protective Film ◽  
Oil Additives ◽  
Wear Protection ◽  
Alternative Materials ◽  
Dialkyl Dithiophosphates

The improvement of fuel consumption is an important driving force for research and development in the automobile industry in order to minimize greenhouse gas emissions as well as improving fuel economy. Aluminum alloys are a class of alternative materials that are being used to replace cast iron in motor components due to the concomitant weight savings which result in improved fuel efficiency, and cost savings. Our research focuses on these alternative Al-based alloys as well as traditional steel interfaces, and the protective films that form on the surfaces. Currently the zinc dialkyl-dithiophosphates (ZDDPs) have been used as engine oil additives for over 60 years. They are important chemically-active additives, known for their antioxidant and antiwear characteristics. ZDDPs are known to form a protective film (tribofilms) at rubbed surfaces, typically on iron containing metals surfaces commonly used in the automotive industry; however ZDDPs and the products formed are not well suited for the environment as they can readily poison the catalytic converters and their efficacy on Al-Si alloys is not well established.

Studies On Competitive Interactions and Blending Order of Engine Oil Additives by Variable Temperature31P-NMR and IR Spectroscopy

1999 ◽  
Vol 42 (4) ◽  
pp. 807-812 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. S. Kapur ◽  
A. Chopra ◽  
A. S. Sarpal ◽  
S. S. V. Ramakumar ◽  
S. K. Jain
Keyword(s):  
Ir Spectroscopy ◽  
Competitive Interactions ◽  
Engine Oil ◽  
Oil Additives

Combustion Chamber Deposits and PAH Formation in SI Engines Fueled by Producer Gas from Biomass Gasification

2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jesper Ahrenfeldt ◽  
Ulrik Henriksen ◽  
Jesper Schramm ◽  
Torben K. Jensen ◽  
Helge Egsgaard
Keyword(s):  
Combustion Chamber ◽  
Biomass Gasification ◽  
Producer Gas ◽  
Si Engines ◽  
Combustion Chamber Deposits
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