Method for Estimating Time to Collision at Braking in Real-World, Lead Vehicle Stopped Rear-End Crashes for Use in Pre-Crash System Design

2011 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 435-443 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristofer D. Kusano ◽  
Hampton Gabler
Keyword(s):  
System Design ◽  
Real World ◽  
Time To Collision ◽  
Lead Vehicle

Supporting Synchronous Collaboration with Heterogeneous Devices

2010 ◽  
pp. 12-30
Author(s):  
Axel Guicking ◽  
Peter Tandler ◽  
Thomas Grasse
Keyword(s):  
System Design ◽  
Mobile Devices ◽  
Real World ◽  
Functional Requirements ◽  
Synchronous Collaboration ◽  
Heterogeneous Devices ◽  
Framework Design ◽  
Real World Applications ◽  
Collaborative Applications ◽  
Electronic Meeting System

The increasing availability of mobile devices in today’s business contexts raises the demand to shift the focus of groupware framework design. Instead of solely focusing on functional requirements of specific application domains or device characteristics, nonfunctional requirements need to be taken into account as well. Flexibility concerning the integration of devices and tailorability of the framework according to different usage contexts is essential for addressing device heterogeneity. Besides flexibility, in order to support the development of real-world applications involving heterogeneous devices, robustness and scalability concerns have to be addressed explicitly by the framework. This article presents Agilo, a groupware framework for synchronous collaboration. The framework incorporates approaches addressing flexibility, robustness, and scalability issues. The combination of these concerns makes it suitable for development of collaborative applications involving up to hundreds of users. As an example application, a commercial electronic meeting system is presented by illustrating typical usage scenarios, explaining applicationspecific requirements and describing the system design.

Tow Monitoring System Design for the Real World

1985 ◽  
Author(s):  
C.R. Campman ◽  
F.W. Debord
Keyword(s):  
System Design ◽  
Monitoring System ◽  
Real World ◽  
The Real

Bike Transportation System Design

2011 ◽  
pp. 187-201
Author(s):  
Avninder Gill
Keyword(s):  
Linear Programming ◽  
System Design ◽  
Real World ◽  
Transportation System ◽  
Center Of Gravity ◽  
Facility Design ◽  
Transportation Mode ◽  
Real World Application ◽  
The City

The main objective of this chapter is to address the facility design and location issues in a public bike transportation system. The major decisions in introducing a public bike transportation system include determining the number of bike facilities and their locations. The present chapter considers a case study from city of Vancouver bike transportation system to demonstrate the importance of these decisions through a real world application. The city intends to decide the number and location of bike terminals. Addressing these two decisions is the main focus of the present chapter and the chapter employs linear programming and center of gravity approaches to arrive at the solutions. The chapter also provides a basic introduction to bike facilities and discusses the sustainability benefits of bike transportation mode.

Implementing auralized CPB sounds on a pedestrian simulator

2021 ◽  
Vol 263 (3) ◽  
pp. 3085-3096
Author(s):  
Francisco Soares ◽  
Frederico Pereira ◽  
Emanuel Silva ◽  
Carlos Silva ◽  
Emanuel Sousa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Real World ◽  
Auditory Stimuli ◽  
Real World Data ◽  
Time To Collision ◽  
Close Proximity ◽  
Data Points ◽  
The Moment ◽  
Pedestrian Crossing ◽  
Determining Factor

Recently, several studies on pedestrian safety and particularly those addressing pedestrian crossing behaviour and decision-making, have been performed using virtual reality systems. The use of simulators to assess pedestrian behaviour is conditioned by the feeling of presence and immersion, for which the sound is a determining factor. This paper presents an implementation procedure in which tyre-road noise samples are auralized and presented as auditory stimuli in a virtual environment, for assessing pedestrian crossing decision-making. The auditory samples obtained through the Close Proximity (CPX) method and subsequently auralized to represent Controlled Pass-By (CPB) sounds reproduce the sounds of a vehicle approaching a crosswalk. The auralized sounds together with the presentation of visual stimuli composed an experiment which was carried out with 30 participants. Safety indicators, as the time-to-passage at the moment that participants decided to cross a virtual crosswalk and the minimum time-to-collision were registered and compared with data obtained in real-world road crossings. A comparison with real world data points to a close alignment between results obtained in virtual and real environments, indicating a good suitability of the approach for studying pedestrian crossing behaviour.

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