Development of High Performance Three-Way-Catalyst Technology to Lower NOx Emission

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takahiko Fujiwara ◽  
Nobuyuki Takagi ◽  
Hiroki Ichinose ◽  
Mamoru Yoshioka ◽  
Masaaki Kawai
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Nox Emission ◽  
Three Way Catalyst

Analysis Research of Technology Schemes of Reduction NOx Emission in Lean Burn Gasoline Engine

2013 ◽  
Vol 724-725 ◽  
pp. 1454-1458
Author(s):  
Dong Peng Yue ◽  
Wen Zhang ◽  
Zhi Jun Li ◽  
Ying Zhang ◽  
Lei Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gasoline Engine ◽  
Nox Emission ◽  
Lean Burn ◽  
Nox Adsorber ◽  
Reduction Of Nox ◽  
The Rich ◽  
Three Way Catalyst

The lean burn technology has been paid attention recently by more and more people because the economics and emission of the gasoline engine can been improved extensively by lean burn technology. However, the reduction of NOx emission is quite small because of the rich oxygen. The different combination schemes of NOx adsorber and Three Way Catalyst were adopted in this paper and experiments of reduction NOx emission have been studied in an modified EFI 16 valves lean burn gasoline engine . The experiment results show that the scheme of the position of Three Way Catalyst is before the NOx adsorber Catalyst was the best scheme of reduction NOx emission in lean burn gasoline engine.

Development of High Performance Three-Way-Catalyst

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takeru Yoshida ◽  
Akemi Sato ◽  
Hiromasa Suzuki ◽  
Toshitaka Tanabe ◽  
Naoki Takahashi
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Three Way Catalyst

Environmental Protection and Fuel Consumption Reduction by Flameless Combustion Technology: A Review

2013 ◽  
Vol 388 ◽  
pp. 292-297 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seyed Ehsan Hosseini ◽  
Mazlan A. Wahid ◽  
Saber Salehirad
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
High Performance ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Combustion Process ◽  
The Other ◽  
Nox Emission ◽  
Flameless Combustion ◽  
Combustion Technology ◽  
Oil Crisis ◽  
Low Nox Emission

In recent years global fuel consumption has increased in the world due to modernization and progress in the standard of living. The conspicuous rate of carbon dioxide and nitrogen oxide released to the environment and fuel resources are depleted day by day due to inconsiderate fuel consumption. Requirement for efficient use of any kinds of fuel has become the other concern due to the oil crisis and limitation of fuel resources. In combustion process, the abatement of pollutants often associates with efficiency loss. In the other word, high efficiency and low pollutant which are the main requirements of combustion are not fulfilled by the existing combustion. Today, flameless combustion has received more attention because of its low NOx emission and significant energy saving. Generally, compatibility between high performance and low NOx emission has been observed by preheated air application and changing the combustion characteristics from traditional flame to flameless mode. This paper aims to review the concepts and the applications of flameless combustion and gathers useful information to understand the necessity of transient from traditional flame mode to flameless combustion.

A High Performance Energy Analyzer for Use in Electron Scanning Microscopy

1969 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
pp. 14-15
Author(s):  
A. V. Crewe ◽  
M. Isaacson ◽  
D. Johnson
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Vertical Plane ◽  
Median Plane ◽  
Electron Gun ◽  
Uniform Field ◽  
Loss Mechanism ◽  
Electron Scanning Microscopy ◽  
Sector Type ◽  
Double Focusing ◽  
Electron Energy Loss

A double focusing magnetic spectrometer has been constructed for use with a field emission electron gun scanning microscope in order to study the electron energy loss mechanism in thin specimens. It is of the uniform field sector type with curved pole pieces. The shape of the pole pieces is determined by requiring that all particles be focused to a point at the image slit (point 1). The resultant shape gives perfect focusing in the median plane (Fig. 1) and first order focusing in the vertical plane (Fig. 2).

Vacuum System to Minimize the Specimen Contamination of High-Performance EM

1977 ◽  
Vol 35 ◽  
pp. 68-69
Author(s):  
N. Yoshimura ◽  
K. Shirota ◽  
T. Etoh
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
High Speed ◽  
High Performance ◽  
High Vacuum ◽  
Vacuum System ◽  
Pump System ◽  
Pumping System ◽  
Diffusion Pump ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Cascade Type

One of the most important requirements for a high-performance EM, especially an analytical EM using a fine beam probe, is to prevent specimen contamination by providing a clean high vacuum in the vicinity of the specimen. However, in almost all commercial EMs, the pressure in the vicinity of the specimen under observation is usually more than ten times higher than the pressure measured at the punping line. The EM column inevitably requires the use of greased Viton O-rings for fine movement, and specimens and films need to be exchanged frequently and several attachments may also be exchanged. For these reasons, a high speed pumping system, as well as a clean vacuum system, is now required. A newly developed electron microscope, the JEM-100CX features clean high vacuum in the vicinity of the specimen, realized by the use of a CASCADE type diffusion pump system which has been essentially improved over its predeces- sorD employed on the JEM-100C.

Use of the Magnetostatic Analogue In Electromagnetic Lens Engineering

1970 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
pp. 360-361
Author(s):  
John W. Coleman
Keyword(s):  
Boundary Conditions ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Force Fields ◽  
Optical Design ◽  
Direct Conversion ◽  
Design Engineering ◽  
Design Data ◽  
Scalar Potentials ◽  
Geometric Elements ◽  
At Will

In the design engineering of high performance electromagnetic lenses, the direct conversion of electron optical design data into drawings for reliable hardware is oftentimes difficult, especially in terms of how to mount parts to each other, how to tolerance dimensions, and how to specify finishes. An answer to this is in the use of magnetostatic analytics, corresponding to boundary conditions for the optical design. With such models, the magnetostatic force on a test pole along the axis may be examined, and in this way one may obtain priority listings for holding dimensions, relieving stresses, etc..The development of magnetostatic models most easily proceeds from the derivation of scalar potentials of separate geometric elements. These potentials can then be conbined at will because of the superposition characteristic of conservative force fields.

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