AIRPORT SOUND IMPACT ASSESSMENT USING A GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEM

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renata de Brito Rocha ◽  
Jules Ghislain Slama
Keyword(s):  
Information System ◽  
Geographic Information System ◽  
Impact Assessment ◽  
Geographic Information

scholarly journals Impact assessment and a fiscal recovery policy for tsunami risk: GIS and the general equilibrium approach in Hakodate city, Japan

2020 ◽  
pp. 239980832097786
Author(s):  
Hajime Tanaka ◽  
Michael C Huang
Keyword(s):  
Information System ◽  
Geographic Information System ◽  
General Equilibrium ◽  
Impact Assessment ◽  
Economic Impact ◽  
Food Processing ◽  
Computable General Equilibrium ◽  
Investment Strategy ◽  
Geographic Information ◽  
Evidence Based

Given Japan’s substantial exposure to many kinds of natural hazards, such as earthquakes, tsunamis, and typhoons, it has been a priority to invest in resilience, guided by evidence-based modeling. In 2011, the Great East Japan Earthquake and Tsunami became the costliest natural disaster ever recorded. This study applied a geographic information system using assumed tsunami-affected data calibrated in a recursive computable general equilibrium model to perform an economic impact assessment and an estimated recovery budget. We simulated 100 years of tsunamis and a 10-year sectoral recovery package for the sectors related to the ocean economy, such as kelp, net fishery, squid, other fisheries, food processing, and recreation, with a capital-use subsidy policy regarding investment strategy. We found that the aqua sector is incredibly vulnerable and would not recover with the capital-use subsidy within Hakodate City’s financial capability. Nevertheless, the recovery policy could still ease output price changes. On the other hand, the recreation sector could recover to pre-disaster conditions, but at huge fiscal and social costs. Meanwhile, the food processing sector’s recovery could generate social benefits and have a spillover effect on other fisheries sectors. The application of geographic information system in tsunami-prone areas could strengthen the precision of economic analysis. Such evidence-based modeling could visualize the economic impact to assist policymakers and stakeholders in foreseeing disaster risk and implementing more effective building resilience measures.

GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEM (GIS) FOR IMPACT ASSESSMENT, ECOLOGICALLY SOUND MEASURES, AND DOCUMENTATION OF OIL SPILLS

1995 ◽  
Vol 1995 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-89
Author(s):  
Gustav Törling ◽  
Jonas Fejes
Keyword(s):  
Information System ◽  
Geographic Information System ◽  
Impact Assessment ◽  
Daily Activity ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Oil Pollution ◽  
Geographic Information ◽  
Final Report ◽  
Ecological Sensitivity ◽  
The Impact

ABSTRACT The geographic information system (GIS) is an objective and standardized oil spill impact assessment tool. In addition to the impact assessment, the GIS provides a helpful tool for judging the size of the impact, choosing environmentally sound cleanup techniques, and planning resources utilization. All information put into a GIS, including daily activity reports, will constitute the essential base for claims from the International Oil Pollution Compensation Fund (IOPC Fund). Impact assessment. Before cleanup activities start, an impact assessment is made. The impacted area is geographically defined in the field with the detailed geographic position system (dGPS) and maps. Type of coastline, spill volume, and type of oil are documented for each impacted area. If necessary, photos and other information concerning the impacted area are included in the GIS. Determination of cleanup method. Documented information from the impact assessment is analyzed together with databases containing ecological sensitivity maps, cleanup methods, and experience. The analysis made using the GIS will suggest what cleanup method/s should be used and how best to use resources. The cleanup method(s) chosen by use of the GIS is presented in digital maps and tables of resources needed. Daily activity reports. All daily activities are documented in the GIS. These include time spent, costs, site, amount of oil cleaned up and method used for cleanup, transfer of oil, and waste disposal. Total and specific cost for each impacted area is calculated daily. Commanders report. The GIS provides the commander with a total report of all actions taken during the cleanup operation. The report contains total costs, claims, experience, geographical location, date and time, and an impact assessment. Advantages of the GIS. The GIS provides a standardized and objective impact assessment for each contaminated area and at the same time suggests what cleanup method to use. The system can present daily reports of information and activities undertaken, and easily specify the cost for each activity. The GIS also can present a final report immediately upon completion of the work.

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