A Study of Cervical Spine Kinematics and Joint Capsule Strain in Rear Impacts using a Human FE Model

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuichi Kitagawa ◽  
Tsuyoshi Yasuki ◽  
Junji Hasegawa
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Spine ◽  
Joint Capsule ◽  
Fe Model ◽  
Spine Kinematics ◽  
Rear Impacts

Effect of a Degenerated C5-C6 Disc on the Biomechanics of Adjacent Levels: A Poroelastic Finite Element Investigation

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mozammil Hussain ◽  
Raghu N. Natarajan ◽  
Gunnar B. J. Andersson ◽  
Howard S. An
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Cervical Spine ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Axial Strain ◽  
Fe Model ◽  
Fe Method ◽  
Regional Effect ◽  
In Vitro Techniques

Degenerative changes in the cervical spine due to aging are very common causes of neck pain in general population. Although many investigators have quantified the gross morphological changes in the disc with progressive degeneration, the biomechanical changes due to degenerative pathologies of the disc and its effect on the adjacent levels are not well understood. Despite many in vivo and in vitro techniques used to study such complex phenomena, the finite element (FE) method is still a powerful tool to investigate the internal mechanics and complex clinical situations under various physiological loadings particularly when large numbers of parameters are involved. The objective of the present study was to develop and validate a poroelastic FE model of a healthy C3-T1 segment of the cervical spine under physiologic moment loads. The model included the regional effect of change in the fixed charged density of proteoglycan concentration and change in the permeability and porosity due to change in the axial strain of disc tissues. The model was further modified to include various degrees of disc degeneration at the C5-C6 level. Outcomes of this study provided a better understanding on the progression of degeneration along the cervical spine by investigating the biomechanical response of the adjacent segments with an intermediate degenerated C5-C6 level.

Predicting Multiplanar Cervical Spine Injury Due to Head-Turned Rear Impacts Using IV-NIC

2006 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 264-275 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul C. Ivancic ◽  
Manohar M. Panjabi ◽  
Yasuhiro Tominaga ◽  
George F. Malcolmson
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Spine ◽  
Cervical Spine Injury ◽  
Spine Injury ◽  
Rear Impacts

Finite Element Study of Spinal Cord Mechanics During Biomechanical Response of Middle Cervical Spine

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Bahramshahi ◽  
H. Ghaemi ◽  
K. Behdinan
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Cervical Spine ◽  
Stress Concentration ◽  
Cervical Spinal Cord ◽  
Axial Strain ◽  
Compressive Load ◽  
Fe Model ◽  
Local Pressure ◽  
Disc Space ◽  
Flexion Extension

The present study is conducted to develop a detailed FE model of spinal cord and to study its behaviour under various loading conditions. To achieve the goal, a previously developed and validated FE model of the middle cervical spine (C3-C5) is utilized. The model is further modified to investigate the stresses that the spinal cord in experiences during cervical spine motion segment in compression and flexion/extension loading modes. The resulting Von Misses stress and axial strain of the anterior and posterior surfaces of the cervical spinal cord are obtained from a set of elements along the C4-C5 disc space of the dural sheath, CSF and cord. The results show that in compression, the anterior surface of spinal cord experiences larger displacement, stress, and strain than those of the posterior surface. Conversely, the analyses show that in flexion\extension, the stresses, strains, and displacements are more pronounced in posterior segment of the spinal cord. In extension, the posterior disc bulge applies pressure onto the Posterior Longitudinal Ligament and thereby, applying local pressure on the spinal cord. The FE results show a stress concentration at the point of contact between disc and spinal cord. Furthermore, the FE results of flexion test show similar stress concentration characteristic at the point of contact. However, the local stress on spinal cord is more pronounced in flexion than extension at the C4-C5 area of spinal cord. It was also determined the compressive load resulted in the highest stress concentration on the spinal cord.

Investigation of Upper Body and Cervical Spine Kinematics of Post Mortem Human Subjects (PMHS) during Low-Speed, Rear-End Impacts

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicholas A. White ◽  
Paul C. Begeman ◽  
Warren N. Hardy ◽  
King H. Yang ◽  
Koshiro Ono ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Spine ◽  
Human Subjects ◽  
Upper Body ◽  
Post Mortem ◽  
Low Speed ◽  
Spine Kinematics

scholarly journals Continuous cervical spine kinematics during in vivo dynamic flexion-extension

2014 ◽  
Vol 14 (7) ◽  
pp. 1221-1227 ◽  
Author(s):  
William J. Anderst ◽  
William F. Donaldson ◽  
Joon Y. Lee ◽  
James D. Kang
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Spine ◽  
Spine Kinematics ◽  
Flexion Extension

Three-Dimensional In-Vivo Cervical Spine Kinematics: Preliminary Comparison of Fusion Patients and Normal Control Subjects

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Colin P. McDonald ◽  
Sukhinder K. Bilkhu ◽  
Victor Chang ◽  
Casey Bachison ◽  
Stephen W. Bartol ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Spine ◽  
Spinal Fusion ◽  
Normal Control ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
The United States ◽  
Disc Disease ◽  
Control Subjects ◽  
Spine Kinematics ◽  
Vertebral Bodies

Degenerative disc disease (DDD) of the cervical spine is a common condition that causes significant pain and disability. Treatment for DDD in 2000 exceeded 110,000 patients in the United States alone [1]. A common treatment option for patients involves removal of the degenerated disc and fusion of the adjacent vertebral bodies. However, previous research has shown that as many as 25–92% of patients treated with fusion have disc degeneration at the adjacent levels within 10 years after surgery [2,3]. It has been hypothesized that this is the result of a change in adjacent vertebral segment motion [4]. However, it is unknown if spinal fusion alters motion at these segments. Thus, the objective of this study was to compare the dynamic, three-dimensional (3D) motion of the cervical spine in normal control subjects and spinal fusion patients.

FINITE ELEMENT ANALYSIS OF CERVICAL SPINE WITH DIFFERENT CONSTRAINED TYPES OF TOTAL DISC REPLACEMENT

2014 ◽  
Vol 14 (03) ◽  
pp. 1450038 ◽  
Author(s):  
CHIEN-YU LIN ◽  
SHIH-YOUENG CHUANG ◽  
CHANG-JUNG CHIANG ◽  
YANG-HWEI TSUANG ◽  
WENG-PIN CHEN
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Cervical Spine ◽  
Vertebral Body ◽  
Facet Joint ◽  
Total Disc Replacement ◽  
Axial Rotation ◽  
Disc Replacement ◽  
Normal Person ◽  
Fe Model ◽  
Segmental Motion

Various designs of cervical total disc replacement (CTDR) have been introduced and employed in an attempt to avoid disadvantages of the fusion surgery. The purposes of this study were to evaluate the effects of the range of motion (ROM), the instantaneous center of rotation (ICR) and the facet joint force (FJF) with different constrained types of CTDR devices. A three-dimensional finite element (FE) model of intact cervical spine (C3-7) was made from CT scans of a normal person and validated. Postoperative FE models simulating CTDR implantation at the C5-6 disc space were made for CTDR-I (constrained design) and CTDR-II (nonconstrained design), respectively. Hybrid protocol (intact: 1 Nm) with a compressive follower load of 73.6 N was applied at the superior endplate of the C3 vertebral body. The inferior endplate of C7 vertebral body was constrained in all directions. At the index level, CTDR-I showed a higher increase in segmental motion and FJF than CTDR-II in extension, lateral bending and axial rotation. The CTDR-II with an elastomer-type core reproduced a near physiological ICR of the intact model in extension and axial rotation. Abnormal kinetic and kinematic changes related to the CTDR may induce surgical level problems and cause long-term failure of spinal surgery.

scholarly journals In Vitro Upper Cervical Spine Kinematics: Rotation with Combined Movements and its Variation After Alar Ligament Transection

2021 ◽  
pp. 110872
Author(s):  
Ana I. LORENTE ◽  
César HIDALGO-GARCÍA ◽  
Pablo FANLO-MAZAS ◽  
Jacobo RODRÍGUEZ-SANZ ◽  
Carlos LÓPEZ-de-CELIS ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Spine ◽  
Upper Cervical Spine ◽  
Alar Ligament ◽  
Spine Kinematics ◽  
Upper Cervical ◽  
Combined Movements

Toward Patient-Specific Cervical Spine Functional Spinal Unit FE Modeling and Validation

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicole A. Kallemeyn ◽  
Srinivas C. Tadepalli ◽  
Kiran H. Shivanna ◽  
Nicole M. Grosland
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Spine ◽  
Sagittal Plane ◽  
Treatment Modalities ◽  
Patient Specific ◽  
Fe Model ◽  
Altered States ◽  
Fe Modeling ◽  
Functional Spinal Unit ◽  
Development Methods ◽  
Mesh Development

Preventive measures and treatment modalities for correcting spinal disorders benefit significantly from advancements aimed at understanding the biomechanics of the human spine in the normal as well as altered states [1]. Finite element (FE) modeling is a useful tool to understand the behavior of the cervical spine under such conditions. In order for an FE model to yield clinically relevant results, the geometry must be as realistic as possible [2], in addition to incorporating accurate material properties and boundary conditions. The spine’s anatomy is very complex, rendering it difficult to acquire accurate geometrical representations for FE analysis. Many meshes in the literature are based on simplified or idealized geometries, or are assumed to be symmetric about the sagittal plane [3]. Traditional meshing techniques are time consuming and tedious, and lack remeshing capabilities [2]. The ability to create hexahedral cervical spine FE models on a patient-specific basis is a desirable task because it can account for variations in anatomy, as well as provide insight for surgical planning/treatment. Our mesh development methods improve on existing multi-block meshing methods to make this possible. We have created a C45 functional spinal unit (FSU) using these techniques, and to date have validated it by comparison to data presented in the literature.

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