Nonlinear Modelling and Injection Rate Estimation of Common-Rail Injectors for Direct Injection Diesel Engines

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Namhoon Chung ◽  
Sunwoo Kim ◽  
Myoungho Sunwoo
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engines ◽  
Direct Injection ◽  
Injection Rate ◽  
Common Rail ◽  
Nonlinear Modelling ◽  
Rate Estimation

Ion Current, Combustion and Emission Characteristics in an Automotive Common Rail Diesel Engine

2012 ◽  
Vol 134 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Naeim A. Henein ◽  
Tamer Badawy ◽  
Nilesh Rai ◽  
Walter Bryzik
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Diesel Engines ◽  
Direct Injection ◽  
Common Rail ◽  
Ion Current ◽  
Injection System ◽  
Feedback Signal ◽  
Common Rail Injection System ◽  
Common Rail Injection ◽  
No Emissions

Advanced electronically controlled diesel engines require a feedback signal to the ECU to adjust different operating parameters and meet demands for power, better fuel economy and low emissions. Different types of in-cylinder combustion sensors are being considered to produce this signal. This paper presents results of an experimental investigation on the characteristics of the ion current in an automotive diesel engine equipped with a common rail injection system. The engine is a 1.9 L, 4-cylinder, direct injection diesel engine. Experiments covered different engine loads and injection pressures. The relationships between the ion current, combustion parameters and engine out NO emissions and opacity are presented. The analysis of the experimental data identified possible sources of the ion current produced in diesel engines.

Comparison of Three Types of Common Rail Systems Suited for Diesel Engines From 1 to 5 Megawatt

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco Ganser ◽  
Ulrich Moser
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engines ◽  
Pressure Wave ◽  
Dynamic Pressure ◽  
Injection Pressure ◽  
Injection Rate ◽  
Common Rail ◽  
Wave Dynamics ◽  
Rail Systems ◽  
Heavy Duty Diesel ◽  
The Individual

The basic physical law governing the injection in Common Rail Systems is the compressibility of the fuel. The effects of pressure wave dynamics, the layout of the system volume and its geometrical distribution strongly affect the injection events at every injector. In this Paper, three different arrangements of system volumes and their effect upon the performance of the individual injectors are compared using the hydraulics simulation tool AMESim. Two systems are known in the passenger car and the heavy duty diesel engine domains. The third system is new and takes advantage of pressure wave dynamics to tailor the injection event. This system is best suited for Diesel Engines with a power from 1 to 5 MW, as used in locomotives, ships, power generation and heavy earthmoving machinery. It produces a more favorable pattern of the injection pressure and injection rate shape during any injection event by hydraulically interconnecting the individual injector’s accumulators during the injection and taking advantage of pressure wave dynamics. Right after the end of each injection, dynamic pressure pulsations are evened out with a dampening device. A multi-cylinder system provides equal conditions for all injections. Its very simple design and increased performance makes the novel system of very attractive use in the above mentioned fields.

scholarly journals Providing Boot-Type Injection Rate Shape by Electric Impulse Control of the Common Rail Injector

2020 ◽  
pp. 32-42
Author(s):  
A.Y. Dunin ◽  
M.G. Shatrov ◽  
L.N. Golubkov ◽  
A.L. Yakovenko
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engines ◽  
Fuel Injection ◽  
Control Valve ◽  
Road Construction ◽  
Injection Rate ◽  
Common Rail ◽  
Oxide Content ◽  
Common Rail Injector ◽  
Electric Impulse ◽  
The Common

For effective reduction of noise level and nitrogen oxide content in exhaust fumes of diesel engines, multistage fuel injection is used in combination with control of the front edge shape of the main injection. At the Moscow Automobile and Road Construction State Technical University (MADI), a method of control of the injection rate shape using an electric impulse was proposed, which was applied to the electromagnet of the control valve of the injector of the common rail fuel system. A computational and experimental analysis of the possibility of boot-type injection rate shape was carried out. The studies involved three most used designs of the common rail injector (CRI): CRI 1 featuring a control valve with shut-off cone and piston; CRI 2 consisting of a flat-lock control valve and a needle, which does not overlap the drain when the needle is in the highest position; CRI 3 with an injector that partially overlaps the drain. It was established that friction in the control valve piston and the guide surface pair of CRI 1 complicated the implementation of the boot-type injection rate due to its smoothing. CRI 2 and CRI 3 provide boot-type injection rate at different pressures in the fuel accumulator. The CRI 3 example shows that the instability of fuel supply during boot-type injection rate is comparable with that of fuel pre-injection, which is widely used in the organization of the common rail diesel engines working process.

Study of Fuel Temperature Effects on Fuel Injection, Combustion, and Emissions of Direct-Injection Diesel Engines

2008 ◽  
Vol 131 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gong Chen
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Diesel Engines ◽  
Temperature Effects ◽  
Liquid Fuel ◽  
Fuel Injection ◽  
Direct Injection ◽  
Injection Rate ◽  
Fuel Temperature ◽  
Injection Parameters ◽  
Medium Speed

The influence of inlet liquid fuel temperature on direct-injection diesel engines can be noticeable and significant. The work in this paper investigates the effects of inlet fuel temperature on fuel-injection in-cylinder combustion, and output performance and emissions of medium-speed diesel engines. An enhanced understanding and simplified modeling of the variations in the main fuel-injection parameters affected by inlet fuel temperature are developed. The study indicates that the main injection parameters affected include the injection timing at the injector end relative to the injection-pump actuation timing, the fuel-injection rate, the fuel-injection duration, and the injection spray atomization. The primary fuel temperature effects on the injection parameters are from the fuel bulk modulus of elasticity and the density with the fuel viscosity less significant as the injector-nozzle flow is usually in a turbulent region. The developed models are able to predict the changes in the injection parameters versus the inlet fuel temperature. As the inlet fuel temperature increases, the nozzle fuel-injection-start timing is predicted to be relatively retarded, the injection rate is reduced, and the needle-lift duration is prolonged from the baseline. The variation trends of the engine outputs and emissions versus fuel temperature are analyzed by considering its consequent effect on in-cylinder combustion processes. It is predicted that raising fuel temperature would result in an increase in each of CO, HC, PM, and smoke emissions, and in a decrease in NOx, and may adversely affect the fuel efficiency for a general type of diesel engine at a full-load condition. The experimental results of the outputs and emissions from testing a medium-speed four-stroke diesel engine agreed with the trends analytically predicted. The understanding and models can be applied to compression-ignition direct-injection liquid fuel engines in general.

Technical Concepts on Non-Road Small Direct Injection Diesel Engines with Common Rail System

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomoya Hasegawa ◽  
Tamotsu Kuno ◽  
Kentaro Kita ◽  
Akihiko Kai ◽  
Yuji Takemura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engines ◽  
Direct Injection ◽  
Common Rail ◽  
Common Rail System ◽  
Rail System

Study of Fuel Temperature Effects on Fuel Injection, Combustion and Emissions of Direct-Injection Diesel Engines

2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gong Chen
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engines ◽  
Temperature Effects ◽  
Liquid Fuel ◽  
Fuel Injection ◽  
Direct Injection ◽  
Injection Rate ◽  
Fuel Temperature ◽  
Injection Parameters ◽  
Medium Speed ◽  
Performance And Emissions

The influence of inlet liquid fuel temperature on direct-injection diesel engines can be noticeable and significant. The work in this paper investigates the effects of inlet fuel temperature on fuel injection, in-cylinder combustion, and performance and emissions of medium-speed diesel engines. An enhanced understanding and simplified modeling of the variations in main fuel injection parameters affected by inlet fuel temperature are developed. The study indicates that the main affected injection parameters include the injector injection timings, the fuel injection rate, the fuel injection duration, and the injection spray atomization. The primary fuel temperature effects on the injection parameters are from the fuel bulk modulus of elasticity and the density with the fuel viscosity less significant as the injector nozzle flow is in a turbulent region. The developed models can predict the changes in the injection parameters versus fuel temperature. As inlet fuel temperature increases, the nozzle fuel-injection-start timing is predicted to be retarded, the injection rate to be reduced, and the needle-lift duration to be prolonged from the baseline. The variation trends of the engine performance and emissions versus fuel temperature are analyzed by considering its consequent effect on in-cylinder combustion processes. It is predicted that raising fuel temperature would result in an increase in CO, HC, PM and smoke emissions, and in a decrease in NOx. The experimental results of the output performance and emissions from testing a medium-speed four-stroke diesel engine agreed with the trends analytically predicted. The understanding and models developed can apply to compression-ignition direct-injection liquid fuel engines in general.

scholarly journals Characteristics of pressure wave in common rail fuel injection system of high-speed direct injection diesel engines

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 168781401664824 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Reza Herfatmanesh ◽  
Zhijun Peng ◽  
Alexis Ihracska ◽  
Yuzhen Lin ◽  
Lipeng Lu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engines ◽  
Pressure Wave ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Fuel Injection ◽  
Direct Injection ◽  
Common Rail ◽  
Injection System ◽  
Fuel Injection System

Combustion and Emission Characteristics of Biodiesel Fuels in a Common-Rail Diesel Engine

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seung Hyun Yoon ◽  
Sung Wook Park ◽  
Dae Sik Kim ◽  
Sang Il Kwon ◽  
Chang Sik Lee
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Direct Injection ◽  
Cetane Number ◽  
Injection Pressure ◽  
Injection Rate ◽  
Common Rail ◽  
Injection System ◽  
Emission Characteristics ◽  
Mixing Ratio ◽  
Biodiesel Fuels

A single cylinder DI (direct injection) diesel engine equipped with common-rail injection system was used to investigate the combustion and emission characteristics of biodiesel fuels. Tested fuels were conventional diesel and biodiesels obtained from unpolished rice oil and soybean oil. The volumetric blending ratios of biodiesel with diesel fuel are set at 0, 10, 20 and 40%. Experimental results show that the peak injection rate is reduced as the mixing ratio increased. The effect of the mixing ratio on the injection delay of biodiesel is not significant at the equal injection pressure. The peak combustion pressure was increased with the increase of the mixing ratio at an injection pressure of 100MPa. The ignition delay became shorter with the increase of the mixing ratio due to a higher cetane number of the biodiesel. HC and CO emissions are decreased at a high injection pressure. However, NOx emissions are increased at higher mixing ratios.

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