Hydraulic Design Considerations for EHB Systems

Author(s):  
David F. Reuter ◽  
E. Wayne Lloyd ◽  
James W. Zehnder ◽  
Joseph A. Elliott
2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Prajakta P. Gadge ◽  
V. Jothiprakash ◽  
V. V. Bhosekar

Author(s):  
Cort H. Lambson ◽  
David O. Pitcher ◽  
Daryl Devey ◽  
Mike Mickelson ◽  
Nathaniel Jones

1988 ◽  
Vol 1 (21) ◽  
pp. 177 ◽  
Author(s):  
Craig B. Leidersdorf ◽  
Peter E. Gadd ◽  
William G. McDougal

This paper provides guidance for the design, fabrication, and installation of articulated concrete mat slope protection. Although articulated mat armor has been utilized for many years in low-energy wave environments, it has been extended recently to accommodate intermediate wave energies and severe ice loads. The development of the concept is discussed, after which hydraulic design considerations, material design considerations, and fabrication and installation techniques are presented. Prototype performance is reviewed. It is concluded that articulated concrete mat armor is capable of providing effective slope protection in intermediate-energy wave environments, and that additional research is required relating to hydraulic stability and failure modes under wave and ice loading.


2008 ◽  
Vol 2060 (1) ◽  
pp. 141-149 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rollin H. Hotchkiss ◽  
Elizabeth A. Thiele ◽  
E. James Nelson ◽  
Philip L. Thompson

Several computer programs are available to analyze culvert hydraulics, including HY-8, FishXing, Broken-back Culvert Analysis Program (BCAP), Hydraflow Express, CulvertMaster, Culvert, and Hydrologic Engineering Center River Analysis System (HEC-RAS). The use of slightly different methodologies to complete the analysis results in different estimates for headwater depth, flow control, and outlet velocity. This paper compares the available hydraulic features and tests the accuracy of these seven programs as part of an effort to update the HY-8 program. Four test cases were developed. The flow controls, headwater depths, and outlet velocities were compared with values obtained through calculations based on best practice as outlined in the FHWA publication, Hydraulic Design Series No. 5. Several limitations were identified. BCAP has limited ability to analyze straight barrel culverts operating under outlet control with high tailwater, CulvertMaster reports outlet control for some low discharges as a surrogate for what is referred to as “entrance control,” Culvert misidentifies the location of hydraulic control for lower discharges and overestimates headwater elevations, and HydraFlow Express incorrectly uses critical depth at the outlet for inlet control calculations. With the test cases used here, HY-8, HEC-RAS, and FishXing most consistently agreed with accepted empirical results. It is recommended that program providers improve their products to replicate better the hydraulic conditions simulated in this paper and to extend program capabilities to include more environmentally sensitive design considerations such as fish passage.


Author(s):  
S.D. Smith ◽  
R.J. Spontak ◽  
D.H. Melik ◽  
S.M. Buehler ◽  
K.M. Kerr ◽  
...  

When blended together, homopolymers A and B will normally macrophase-separate into relatively large (≫1 μm) A-rich and B-rich phases, between which exists poor interfacial adhesion, due to a low entropy of mixing. The size scale of phase separation in such a blend can be reduced, and the extent of interfacial A-B contact and entanglement enhanced, via addition of an emulsifying agent such as an AB diblock copolymer. Diblock copolymers consist of a long sequence of A monomers covalently bonded to a long sequence of B monomers. These materials are surface-active and decrease interfacial tension between immiscible phases much in the same way as do small-molecule surfactants. Previous studies have clearly demonstrated the utility of block copolymers in compatibilizing homopolymer blends and enhancing blend properties such as fracture toughness. It is now recognized that optimization of emulsified ternary blends relies upon design considerations such as sufficient block penetration into a macrophase (to avoid block slip) and prevention of a copolymer multilayer at the A-B interface (to avoid intralayer failure).


Author(s):  
Y. Harada ◽  
K. Tsuno ◽  
Y. Arai

Magnetic objective lenses, from the point of view of pole piece geometry, can he roughly classified into two types, viz., symmetrical and asymmetrical. In the case of the former, the optical properties have been calculated by several authors1-3) and the results would appear to suggest that, in order to reduce the spherical and chromatic aberration coefficients, Cs and Cc, it is necessary to decrease the half-width value of the axial field distribution and to increase the peak flux density. The expressions for either minimum Cs or minimum Cc were presented in the form of ‘universal’ curves by Mulvey and Wallington4).


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