scholarly journals Influence of Substrate Quality and Moisture Availability on Microbial Communities and Litter Decomposition

2014 ◽  
Vol 04 (08) ◽  
pp. 421-433 ◽  
Author(s):  
David J. Berrier ◽  
Morgan S. Rawls ◽  
Shannon Leigh McCallister ◽  
Rima B. Franklin
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Communities ◽  
Litter Decomposition ◽  
Substrate Quality ◽  
Moisture Availability ◽  
Influence Of Substrate

scholarly journals Effects of Lime Application and Understory Removal on Soil Microbial Communities in Subtropical Eucalyptus L’Hér. Plantations

Forests ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 338 ◽  
Author(s):  
Songze Wan ◽  
Zhanfeng Liu ◽  
Yuanqi Chen ◽  
Jie Zhao ◽  
Qin Ying ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Communities ◽  
Litter Decomposition ◽  
Decomposition Rate ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Soil Microbial Communities ◽  
Dissolved Carbon ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
Litter Decomposition Rate ◽  
Eucalyptus Plantations ◽  
Lime Application

Soil microorganisms play key roles in ecosystems and respond quickly to environmental changes. Liming and/or understory removal are important forest management practices and have been widely applied to planted forests in humid subtropical and tropical regions of the world. However, few studies have explored the impacts of lime application, understory removal, and their interactive effects on soil microbial communities. We conducted a lime application experiment combined with understory removal in a subtropical Eucalyptus L’Hér. plantation. Responses of soil microbial communities (indicated by phospholipid fatty acids, PLFAs), soil physico-chemical properties, and litter decomposition rate to lime and/or understory removal were measured. Lime application significantly decreased both fungal and bacterial PLFAs, causing declines in total PLFAs. Understory removal reduced the fungal PLFAs but had no effect on the bacterial PLFAs, leading to decreases in the total PLFAs and in the ratio of fungal to bacterial PLFAs. No interaction between lime application and understory removal on soil microbial community compositions was observed. Changes in soil microbial communities caused by lime application were mainly attributed to increases in soil pH and NO3–-N contents, while changes caused by understory removal were mainly due to the indirect effects on soil microclimate and the decreased soil dissolved carbon contents. Furthermore, both lime application and understory removal significantly reduced the litter decomposition rates, which indicates the lime application and understory removal may impact the microbe-mediated soil ecological process. Our results suggest that lime application may not be suitable for the management of subtropical Eucalyptus plantations. Likewise, understory vegetation helps to maintain soil microbial communities and litter decomposition rate; it should not be removed from Eucalyptus plantations.

scholarly journals Microbial food web dynamics along a soil chronosequence of a glacier forefield

2011 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 3283-3294 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Esperschütz ◽  
A. Pérez-de-Mora ◽  
K. Schreiner ◽  
G. Welzl ◽  
F. Buegger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Web ◽  
Microbial Communities ◽  
Food Webs ◽  
Litter Decomposition ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Food Web Dynamics ◽  
Glacier Forefield ◽  
Microbial Food Webs ◽  
And Function ◽  
The 19Th Century

Abstract. Microbial food webs are critical for efficient nutrient turnover providing the basis for functional and stable ecosystems. However, the successional development of such microbial food webs and their role in "young" ecosystems is unclear. Due to a continuous glacier retreat since the middle of the 19th century, glacier forefields have expanded offering an excellent opportunity to study food web dynamics in soils at different developmental stages. In the present study, litter degradation and the corresponding C fluxes into microbial communities were investigated along the forefield of the Damma glacier (Switzerland). 13C-enriched litter of the pioneering plant Leucanthemopsis alpina (L.) Heywood was incorporated into the soil at sites that have been free from ice for approximately 10, 60, 100 and more than 700 years. The structure and function of microbial communities were identified by 13C analysis of phospholipid fatty acids (PLFA) and phospholipid ether lipids (PLEL). Results showed increasing microbial diversity and biomass, and enhanced proliferation of bacterial groups as ecosystem development progressed. Initially, litter decomposition proceeded faster at the more developed sites, but at the end of the experiment loss of litter mass was similar at all sites, once the more easily-degradable litter fraction was processed. As a result incorporation of 13C into microbial biomass was more evident during the first weeks of litter decomposition. 13C enrichments of both PLEL and PLFA biomarkers following litter incorporation were observed at all sites, suggesting similar microbial foodwebs at all stages of soil development. Nonetheless, the contribution of bacteria, especially actinomycetes to litter turnover became more pronounced as soil age increased in detriment of archaea, fungi and protozoa, more prominent in recently deglaciated terrain.

scholarly journals Agricultural constraints on microbial resource use and niche breadth in drainage ditches

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ellard R Hunting ◽  
Henrik Barmentlo ◽  
Maarten Schrama ◽  
Peter van Bodegom ◽  
Yujia Zhai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Microbial Communities ◽  
Resource Utilization ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Niche Breadth ◽  
Niche Differentiation ◽  
Drainage Ditches ◽  
Substrate Quality ◽  
Degradation Rates ◽  
Natural Communities

Background. Microorganisms govern important ecosystems processes, in particular the degradation of organic matter (OM). However, microorganisms are rarely considered in efforts to monitor ecosystem health and functioning. Evidence suggests that environmental perturbations can adversely affect microbial communities and and their ability to use available substrates. However, whether impacted microbial efficiencies in extracting and utilizing the available resources (resource niche breadth) translate to changes in organic matter (OM) degradation in natural systems remains poorly understood. Methods. Here we evaluated effects of differences in organic matter (OM) related to agricultural land use (OM derived from ditches adjacent to grasslands, bulb fields and a pristine dune area) on microbial functioning. We specifically assessed 1) resource niche breadths of microbial communities during initial community assembly in laboratory microcosms and already established natural communities, and 2) how changes in community resource niche breadth translates to the degradation of natural OM. Results. A disparity existed between microbial resource niche breadth in laboratory incubations and natural microbial communities. Resource utilization and niche breadth of natural microbial communities was observed to be constrained in drainage ditches adjacent to agricultural fields. This outcome coincides with retarded degradation of natural OM collected from ditches adjacent to hyacinth bulb fields. Microbial communities in bulb field ditches further showed functional redundancy when offered grassland OM of seemingly higher substrate quality. Discussion. Results presented in this study suggest that agricultural practices can impose constraints on microbial functional diversity by reducing OM resource quality, which can subsequently translate to confined microbial resource niche differentiation and reduced organic matter degradation rates. This hints that assessments of actual microbial resource utilization and niche differentiation could potentially be used to assess the ecological health and functioning of natural communities.

MBE-growth of CdTe on GaSb substrates: A case study on the influence of substrate quality

2018 ◽  
Vol 214 ◽  
pp. 285-290
Author(s):  
I. Madni ◽  
W. Lei ◽  
Y.L. Ren ◽  
J. Antoszewski ◽  
L. Faraone
Keyword(s):  
Mbe Growth ◽  
Substrate Quality ◽  
Influence Of Substrate

The influence of substrate quality and stream size on wood decomposition dynamics

Oecologia ◽  
1983 ◽  
Vol 58 (3) ◽  
pp. 281-285 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jerry M. Melillo ◽  
Robert J. Naiman ◽  
John D. Aber ◽  
Keith N. Eshleman
Keyword(s):  
Wood Decomposition ◽  
Substrate Quality ◽  
Decomposition Dynamics ◽  
Stream Size ◽  
Influence Of Substrate

scholarly journals Inconsistent response of soil bacterial and fungal communities in aggregates to litter decomposition during short-term incubation

PeerJ ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. e8078 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jingjing Li ◽  
Chao Yang
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Communities ◽  
Carbon Storage ◽  
Litter Decomposition ◽  
Relative Abundance ◽  
Carbon Emissions ◽  
Aggregate Size ◽  
Shannon Index ◽  
Fungal Communities ◽  
Litter Addition ◽  
Soil Bacterial

Background Soil aggregate-size classes and microbial communities within the aggregates are important factors regulating the soil organic carbon (SOC) turnover. However, the response of soil bacterial and fungal communities in aggregates to litter decomposition in different aggregate-size classes is poorly understand. Methods Soil samples from un-grazed natural grassland were separated into four dry aggregate classes of different sizes (2–4 mm, 1–2 mm, 0.25–1 mm and <0.25 mm). Two types of plant litter (leaf and stem) of Leymus chinensis were added to each of the four aggregate class samples. The CO2 release rate, SOC storage and soil microbial communities were measured at the end of the 56-day incubation. Results The results showed that the 1–2 mm aggregate had the highest bacterial Shannon and CO2 release in CK and leaf addition treatments, and the SOC in the <0.25 mm aggregate was higher than that in the others across the treatments. The relative abundance of Ascomycota was higher in the 2–4 mm and <0.25 mm aggregates than in the 1–2 mm and 0.25–1 mm aggregates in the treatment without litter addition, and the relative abundance of Aphelidiomycota was lower in the 2–4 mm and <0.25 mm aggregates than in the 1–2 mm and 0.25–1 mm aggregates. Also, litter addition increased the relative abundance of Proteobacteria and Bacteroidetes, but decreased the relative abundance of Acidobacteria, Gemmatimonadetes, and Actinobacteria. The relative abundance of Ascomycota and Aphelidiomycota increased by more than 10% following leaf litter addition. The bacterial Shannon index had a significantly positive and direct effect on SOC concentration and CO2 release, while the fungal Shannon index was significantly correlated with SOC concentration. Our results indicate that the soil bacterial diversity contributes positively to both carbon emissions and carbon storage, whereas soil fungal diversity can promote carbon storage and decrease carbon emissions.

Moisture availability influences the effect of ultraviolet-B radiation on leaf litter decomposition

2010 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 484-495 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. KOLBY SMITH ◽  
WEI GAO ◽  
HEIDI STELTZER ◽  
MATTHEW D. WALLENSTEIN ◽  
ROGER TREE
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Litter ◽  
Litter Decomposition ◽  
Ultraviolet B ◽  
Leaf Litter Decomposition ◽  
Ultraviolet B Radiation ◽  
Moisture Availability

scholarly journals Interactive Effects of Pesticides and Nutrients on Microbial Communities Responsible of Litter Decomposition in Streams

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Florent Rossi ◽  
Stéphane Pesce ◽  
Clarisse Mallet ◽  
Christelle Margoum ◽  
Arnaud Chaumot ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Communities ◽  
Litter Decomposition ◽  
Interactive Effects

Litter decomposition and microbial communities alters depending on litter type and overstory species in revegetated agricultural land

Pedobiologia ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 84 ◽  
pp. 150702
Author(s):  
Daniela Carnovale ◽  
Alan E. Richardson ◽  
Peter H. Thrall ◽  
Andrew Bissett ◽  
Geoff Baker
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Communities ◽  
Litter Decomposition ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Litter Type
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