scholarly journals Faecal Sludge Management in Botswana: A Review of Current Practices and Policies Using the Case of Gaborone Low Income Areas

2018 ◽  
Vol 09 (02) ◽  
pp. 122-139
Author(s):  
Phillimon T. Odirile ◽  
Innocent Thukwi ◽  
Ontiretse Dintwa ◽  
Bontle Mbongwe
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Sludge Management ◽  
Faecal Sludge ◽  
Current Practices

Faecal sludge management in low income areas: a case study of three districts in the Ashanti region of Ghana

2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 189-199 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eugene Appiah-Effah ◽  
Kwabena Biritwum Nyarko ◽  
Samuel Fosu Gyasi ◽  
Esi Awuah
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Sludge Management ◽  
The Public ◽  
Ashanti Region ◽  
Toilet Facility ◽  
Urban And Rural Areas ◽  
Public Toilets ◽  
Faecal Sludge

The challenge of faecal sludge management (FSM) in most developing countries is acute, particularly in low income areas. This study examined the management of faecal sludge (FS) from household latrines and public toilets in three districts in the Ashanti region of Ghana based on household surveys, key informant interviews and field observations. Communities did not have designated locations for the disposal and treatment of FS. For household toilets, about 31 and 42% of peri-urban and rural respondents, respectively, with their toilets full reported that they did not consider manual or mechanical desludging as an immediate remedy, although pits were accessible. Households rather preferred to close and abandon their toilets and use public toilets at a fee or practise open defecation. For the public toilets, desludging was manually carried out at a fee of GHC 800–1,800 and the process usually lasted 8–14 days per toilet facility. The study showed that FSM has not been adequately catered for in both peri-urban and rural areas. However, respondents from the peri-urban areas relatively manage their FS better than their rural counterparts. To address the poor FSM in the study communities, a decentralized FS composting is a potential technology that could be used.

scholarly journals Faecal sludge in Accra, Ghana: problems of urban provision

2009 ◽  
Vol 60 (3) ◽  
pp. 623-631 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. L. D. Boot ◽  
R. E. Scott
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Lower Cost ◽  
Sludge Management ◽  
Service Levels ◽  
Household Level ◽  
Sanitation Services ◽  
Waste Transfer ◽  
Transfer Stations ◽  
Phase Out ◽  
Faecal Sludge

Urban on-site sanitation services present challenges for emptying, transporting, disposing and treating faecal waste. Transfer stations can be used by household-level emptiers to safely dispose of faecal sludge, but they rarely exist. Accra's use of transfer stations has provided an opportunity to research their functioning, as part of broader faecal sludge management arrangements. The paper discusses the benefits offered by use of transfer stations, as well as reasons currently limiting their operation. While costs associated with operating and emptying these stations are passed to householders, an illegal sector thrives offering lower cost emptying services, typically with disposal of faecal sludge directly into the environment. At present, bucket latrines offer sanitation services to low-income households unable to afford higher service levels, such as septic tanks. The local government aims to phase-out all bucket latrines by 2010, but affordable alternatives have not been found. Where limited access to land inhibits investment in permanent facilities, families may abandon household sanitation altogether. The paper concludes that correct use of transfer stations can provide improvements for existing faecal sludge management and reduce indiscriminate dumping. They must be made available to all workers, through effective public-private arrangements for ownership and operation.

scholarly journals Assessment of Faecal Sludge Management in Nguru Town, Yobe State, Northeastern Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 182-188
Author(s):  
M. Z. Karkana ◽  
◽  
Adamu Muktar
Keyword(s):  
Sampling Method ◽  
Open Defecation ◽  
Sludge Management ◽  
Environmental Laws ◽  
Standard Requirement ◽  
Water Closet ◽  
Public Toilets ◽  
Faecal Sludge ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Current Practices

The aim of the study is to assess faecal sludge management (FSM) in Nguru town, Nguru Local Government area of Yobe State. Random sampling method was used in the selection of respondents in six political wards of the study area. A total of 399 questionnaires were administered to respondents in the study area with the view to identify the types and current practices of faecal sludge management in the study area. The result of the study indicates that majority of the respondents 68% used pit latrine, 24% used water closet while 8% used other type of toilet facilities. However, on the excreta defecation, the finding indicated that 84% had access to household toilets, 8.0% used public toilets, and 6.0% practiced open defecation with the remaining 2% practicing defecation in polythene bags after which they discard it into the bush or on a refuse dump. The study further revealed that majority (54%) of the respondents disposed their toilet sludge by land fill, 31% participants were using any available land for faecal sludge final disposal while 10 % and 5% disposed their toilet by nearby river and composting respectively. The finding indicated that, the faecal sludge management of the study area is unsatisfactory and may pose a risk of environmental and adverse human health. The current practices of faecal sludge management were found below international standard requirement set by WHO. It is therefore recommend that Government should come up with proper orientation and environmental laws should be put in place for the general public and also to provide necessary facilities and arrange for better methods of faecal sludge management. Keywords: FSM, Nguru town, Toilet facilities and open defecation

scholarly journals Network modelling for road-based faecal sludge management

2014 ◽  
Vol 167 (3) ◽  
pp. 157-165 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruth Kennedy-Walker ◽  
Tomas Holderness ◽  
David Alderson ◽  
Barbara Evans ◽  
Stuart Barr
Keyword(s):  
Sludge Management ◽  
Network Modelling ◽  
Faecal Sludge

Faecal Sludge Management, st. Elizabeth Jamaica

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Martha Fernandes ◽  
Paul Kirshen ◽  
Richard Vogel
Keyword(s):  
Sludge Management ◽  
Faecal Sludge

Developing behaviour change communication for improving faecal sludge management in Bhutan

2013 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 164-170 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Halcrow ◽  
T. Yetsho ◽  
N. Nguyen ◽  
G. Tshering
Keyword(s):  
Behaviour Change ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Consumer Preferences ◽  
Communication Strategy ◽  
Septic Tank ◽  
Behaviour Change Communication ◽  
Sludge Management ◽  
Change Communication ◽  
Behavioural Determinants ◽  
Faecal Sludge

Approaches to improve faecal sludge management practices and on-site sanitation services can better be supported through an understanding of the behavioural determinants and consumer preferences for the services. This practice paper describes a process in Bhutan in which stakeholders collaborated to carry out formative research to identify motivations and barriers to improved septic tank management by building owners in Thimphu City. Using a sanitation behaviour change framework, the findings focused on prioritised behavioural determinants of knowledge of septic tank management and services, willingness to pay and the use of enforcements. The research findings were then used to develop a practical yet evidence-based behaviour change communication strategy for the City in 2012 that aimed to improve safe and timely emptying practices, improve services and increase demand from households, business and institutions.

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