scholarly journals Changes in Total Dissolved Solids Concentration during Infiltration through Soils (Rain, Fresh Groundwater and Treated Wastewater)

2017 ◽  
Vol 08 (01) ◽  
pp. 34-41
Author(s):  
Alsharifa Hind Mohammad ◽  
Ghaidaa Abdullat ◽  
Khitam Alzughoul
Keyword(s):  
Total Dissolved Solids ◽  
Treated Wastewater ◽  
Dissolved Solids ◽  
Fresh Groundwater ◽  
Solids Concentration

scholarly journals Base of fresh water, groundwater salinity, and well distribution across California

2020 ◽  
Vol 117 (51) ◽  
pp. 32302-32307
Author(s):  
Mary Kang ◽  
Debra Perrone ◽  
Ziming Wang ◽  
Scott Jasechko ◽  
Melissa M. Rohde
Keyword(s):  
Fresh Water ◽  
Total Dissolved Solids ◽  
Water Current ◽  
Large Set ◽  
Groundwater Salinity ◽  
Water Pump ◽  
Fresh Groundwater ◽  
Groundwater Sustainability ◽  
Solids Concentration ◽  
Groundwater Wells

The depth at which groundwaters transition from fresh to more saline—the “base of fresh water”—is frequently used to determine the stringency and types of measures put in place to manage groundwater and protect it from contamination. Therefore, it is important to understand salinity distributions and compare defined bases of fresh water with salinity distributions and groundwater well depths. Here we analyze two distinct datasets: 1) a large set of total dissolved solids concentration (TDS) measurements (n= 216,754) and 2) groundwater well locations and depths (n= 399,454) across California. We find that 19 to 56% of the groundwater TDS measurements made at depths deeper than defined bases of fresh water pump fresh groundwater (TDS < 2,000 mg/L). Because fresh groundwater is found at depths deeper than the base of fresh water, current policies informed by base of fresh water assessments may not be managing and protecting large volumes of deep fresh groundwater. Furthermore, we find that nearly 4% of existing groundwater wells penetrate defined bases of fresh water, and nearly 16% of wells overlie it by no more than 100 m, evidencing widespread encroachment on the base of fresh water by groundwater users. Consequently, our analysis suggests that groundwater sustainability in California may be poorly safeguarded in some places and that the base-of-fresh-water concept needs to be reconsidered as a means to define and manage groundwater.

Faunal assemblages of some saline lakes near Marchagee, Western Australia

1981 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 133 ◽  
Author(s):  
SA Halse
Keyword(s):  
Western Australia ◽  
Saline Lakes ◽  
Salt Lake ◽  
Total Dissolved Solids ◽  
Dissolved Solids ◽  
Faunal Assemblages ◽  
Invertebrate Species ◽  
Solids Concentration ◽  
Eastern Australia

Five saline lakes near Marchagee. with salinities ranging from 10-71‰, were sampled every two months between March and September 1979. The lakes contained faunal assemblages of 6-13 invertebrate species; only two species were common to all lakes. Fish (Pseudogobius olorum) were found in one salt lake. Austrochiltonia subtenuis was recorded at a salinity of 71‰ twice the salinity it was previously thought to tolerate. Pseudogobius olorum was collected at a salinity of 55‰ and is the second species of fish to be collected from highly saline Australian lakes. Mytilocypris mytiloides was collected at a total dissolved solids concentration of 45‰ a much higher level of salinity than it tolerates in eastern Australia. Necterosoma pensillatus was found at a salinity of 10.5‰ the lowest yet recorded for the species.

Pinch Technology Approach to Freshwater and Wastewater Minimisation in Brewing Operations

2021 ◽  
Vol 52 ◽  
pp. 102-114
Author(s):  
Oludare Johnson Odejobi ◽  
Emmanuel Oluwasanmi Oyeleke ◽  
Funso Alaba Akeredolu
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Oxygen Demand ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Total Dissolved Solids ◽  
Dissolved Solids ◽  
Solids Concentration ◽  
Cascade Analysis ◽  
Pinch Technology ◽  
Wastewater Samples ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Chemical Oxygen Demand Concentration

The rise in the cost of production of beer due to increasing demand for freshwater and high cost of treating wastewater, motivate research interests in resource management in beer production. This study determines and reduces the concentration of the contaminants in the wastewater samples collected from a brewery in Nigeria, to reduce freshwater demand and to save the cost of operation through wastewater reuse using pinch technology. The wastewater samples were analysed for the concentration of Chemical Oxygen Demand using standard procedures. The Total Dissolved Solids were measured using pH-EC-TDS metre. Water Cascade Analysis was used to evaluate the minimum freshwater demand and wastewater generated to design the maximum wastewater recovery network for minimum freshwater demand in the process. The results showed that for 41.54 t/hr of both the freshwater and wastewater used in the brewery operations, the Chemical Oxygen Demand concentration ranged between 0 – 74,775 ppm and the Total Dissolved Solids concentration ranged from 0 – 2,008 ppm. However, with the application of Water Cascade Analysis, the freshwater and wastewater flow rates reduced to 19.88 t/hr based on Chemical Oxygen Demand concentration and 21.54 t/hr based on Total Dissolved Solids concentration. The freshwater saving per annum based on the concentrations of Chemical Oxygen Demand and Total Dissolved Solids were ₦346,560,000:00 ($962,666.67) and ₦319,840,000:00 ($888,444.44), respectively. The study concluded that the application of Pinch Technology to brewery operation is viable because of its capacity to reduce freshwater demand and wastewater generation.

On the Quality of Some Waters on Baffin Island, Northwest Territories

1974 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 1676-1688 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Church
Keyword(s):  
Northwest Territories ◽  
River Basins ◽  
Total Dissolved Solids ◽  
Baffin Island ◽  
Seasonal Fluctuations ◽  
Dissolved Solids ◽  
Solids Concentration

In glacierized and nonglacierized river basins in eastern and central Baffin Island, waters are generally very soft (total dissolved solids of order 5–50 mg/l). Diurnal and seasonal fluctuations in dissolved solids concentration are related to runoff characteristics and sources.

scholarly journals Monitoring of Groundwater Quality With Cokriging of Geochemical and Geoelectrical Measurements

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 97-106
Author(s):  
Jarosław Zawadzki ◽  
Piotr Fabijańczyk ◽  
Wiktor Treichel
Keyword(s):  
Groundwater Quality ◽  
Mining Industry ◽  
Total Dissolved Solids ◽  
Hazardous Substances ◽  
Chemical Analyses ◽  
Dissolved Solids ◽  
Geostatistical Methods ◽  
Solids Concentration ◽  
The World ◽  
Copper Mines

Abstract The study presents the possibility of using geostatistical methods for monitoring groundwater quality. Poland is one of the largest copper producers in the world. However, the extraction and production of copper requires constant care for the natural environment. Reservoir Żelazny Most which is situated in South – Western Poland was designed to store flotation tailings out of nearby copper mines. It is one of the biggest industrial dumps in the world. The reservoir stores huge amounts of tailings and industrial water. Water migrating from dump to groundwater could be a potential source of contamination with chlorides, sulphates, heavy metals, and other hazardous substances used in ore separation process in the copper mining industry, like detergent and phenols. Monitoring system around Żelazny Most dump, which was designed to track harmful substances concentrations in groundwater, contains measuring wells and piezometers. They are used to collect groundwater samples for chemical analyses. The idea of the study was to integrate information provided by chemical analyses and geoelectrical measurements by cokriging method, utilizing correlation between electrical resistance of the soil solution and total dissolved solids concentration in groundwater. This enabled to obtain spatial distribution of total dissolved solids concentrations in groundwater at the part of eastern foreground of Żelazny Most dump.

PHYSICO-CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF YAMUNA RIVER AT GOKUL BARRAGE, MATHURA (UP) INDIA

2017 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
AJAY KUMAR RAJAWAT ◽  
PRAVEEN KUMAR
Keyword(s):  
Water Samples ◽  
Suspended Solids ◽  
Total Dissolved Solids ◽  
Tolerance Limit ◽  
Chemical Condition ◽  
Yamuna River ◽  
Dissolved Solids ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Almost All

An attempt has been made to study the Physico-chemical condition of water of Yamuna River at Gokul Barrage, Mathura, (UP). The time period of study was July 2015 to June 2016. Three water samples were selected from different sites in each month for study. The parameters studied were Temperature, Turbidity, pH, DO, BOD, COD, Total Dissolved Solids and Suspended Solids. Almost all the parameters were found above the tolerance limit.

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