scholarly journals The Effect of Organo-Mineral Fertilizer Applications on the Yield of Winter Wheat, Spring Barley, Forage Maize and Grass Cut for Silage

2015 ◽  
Vol 06 (02) ◽  
pp. 103-109 ◽  
Author(s):  
Grace H. Smith ◽  
Keith Chaney ◽  
Charles Murray ◽  
Minh Son Le
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Spring Barley ◽  
Mineral Fertilizer ◽  
Forage Maize

scholarly journals Redox potential change of light grey forest surface-gleyed soils depending on the long-term anthropogenic impact

2017 ◽  
pp. 71-79
Author(s):  
Oleg Havryshko ◽  
Yuriy Olifir ◽  
Tetiana Partyka
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Redox Potential ◽  
Buffer Capacity ◽  
Spring Barley ◽  
Mineral Fertilizer ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Ph Buffer ◽  
Fertilizer System ◽  
Hydrolytic Acidity

Influence of prolonged application of various fertilizer systems and periodic liming on the dynamics of redox potential (ROP) of light grey forest surface-gleyed soils under different crop rotations is presented in the research results. The obtained ROP indexes showed significant variability in variants of experiment depending on the fertilizer, lime and terms of determination in both fields of winter wheat and spring barley. The highest ROP values in variants with organo-mineral and mineral fertilizer systems with background of liming were observed in spring. They decreased during the period of maximum growth and development of winter wheat and spring barley together with the growth of microbiological activity and the intensity of CO2 release, and slightly increased before harvesting. It was established that the application of organo-mineral and mineral fertilizer systems with the background of liming with CaCO3 dose, calculated according to hydrolytic acidity, to the greatest extent increase ROP, especially during the period of intensive growth and development of plants. Compared to similar fertilizer system with the background of liming with a CaCO3 dose, calculated according to the pH- buffer capacity, it contributes to one-sided growth of oxidation processes and additional mineralization of humus. Thus, the organo-mineral fertilizer system with the application of 10 tons of manure per hectare of crop rotation and one norm of mineral fertilizers (N65P68K68) with the background of liming with CaCO3 dose, calculated according to the pH-buffer capacity (2.5 t/ha), contributes to rational use, preservation and fertility protection of light grey forest surface-gleyed soils, optimizing the redox potential during whole growing season of crops, and provides high yields. Studies have shown that during whole growing season of winter wheat and spring barley the lowest values of oxidation were obtained with the long-term use (for 50 years) of mineral fertilizer system with the introduction of one norm of mineral fertilizers only. It led to a decrease in the actual soil acidity to 4,03 pHKCl units and the increase of hydrolytic acidity to 5.11 mg-eq/100 g of soil. This once again emphasizes the importance of periodic liming of acid light grey forest surface-gleyed soils as a factor weakening the negative influence of mineral fertilizers. Key words: light grey forest surface-gleyed soils, redox potential, mineral fertilizers, manure, lime.

scholarly journals The effect of three soil tillage treatments on weed infestation in forage maize

2019 ◽  
Vol 72 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Svetlana Chovancova ◽  
Lubomir Neudert ◽  
Jan Winkler
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Production Management ◽  
Spring Barley ◽  
Soil Tillage ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Ecological Data ◽  
Forage Maize ◽  
Climate Conditions ◽  
Weed Infestation ◽  
The Impact

This study assessed the impact of using soil tillage in maize crops on weed infestation intensity and weed species composition. A field experiment was established as a model example of livestock production management in drier climate conditions where maize was grown in seven-step crop rotation sequence: alfalfa – the first year, alfalfa – the second year, winter wheat, forage maize, winter wheat, sugar beet, and spring barley. Three soil tillage treatments were applied: conventional tillage (CT), minimum tillage (MT), and no-tillage (NT). An arithmetic method and multivariate analyses of ecological data were used. The highest weed infestation, mainly due to late spring species, was recorded in MT. Perennial and overwintering species were frequently observed in NT. Early spring weed species were abundant in CT. Different tillage treatments cause a significant change in the weed species spectrum in maize. A study of the relationship between tillage and the level of weed infestation requires long-term monitoring which will allow us to predict the intensity of weed infestation in particular locations.

Productivity and quality of soybean seeds with different fertilization on podzolized chernozem

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (97) ◽  
pp. 136-144
Author(s):  
H.M. Hospodarenko ◽  
◽  
I.V. Prokopchuk ◽  
K. P. Leonova ◽  
V.P. Boyko
Keyword(s):  
Crop Rotation ◽  
Crop Yields ◽  
Spring Barley ◽  
Mineral Fertilizer ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilizers ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Soybean Seeds ◽  
Different Doses

The productivity of agricultural crops is the most variable and integral indicator of their vital activity, which accumulates their genetic potential, soil fertility, weather conditions and components of agricultural technology. Soybean under optimal growing conditions (the reaction of the soil is close to neutral, sufficient phosphorus and potassium nutrition, the use of nitraginization) assimilates from the air about 70 % of the total nitrogen requirement. Therefore, it is believed that it is enough to apply only a starting dose of nitrogen fertilizers (20–40 kg/ha a. s.), to get a high yield with good indicators of grain quality. The results of studies of the influence of long-term (8 years) application of different doses and ratios of fertilizers in field crop rotation on podzolized chernozem in the conditions of the Right -Bank Forest-Steppe of Ukraine on the yield and quality of soybean seeds preceded by spring barley were presented. It was found that crop yields could be increased by 18–77 % owing to different doses, ratios and types of fertilizers. The highest indicators of seed yields for three years of the research (3,02 t/ha) were obtained under the application of mineral fertilizers at a dose of N110P60K80 per 1 ha of crop rotation area, including under soybean – N60P60K60. Exclusion of the nitrogen component from the complete fertilizer (N60P60K60) reduced its yield by 26 %, phosphorus – by 17, and potassium by 11 %. There was no significant decrease in soybean yield in the variant of the experiment with a decrease in the proportion of potassium in the composition of complete mineral fertilizer (N60P60K30) for three years of study. The largest mass of 1000 soybean seeds was formed at doses of N60К60 fertilizers, and their protein content — under the application of complete mineral fertilizer in doses of N60P60K60 and N60P60K30.

Potential of water balance and remote sensing-based evapotranspiration models to predict yields of spring barley and winter wheat in the Czech Republic

2021 ◽  
Vol 256 ◽  
pp. 107064
Author(s):  
František Jurečka ◽  
Milan Fischer ◽  
Petr Hlavinka ◽  
Jan Balek ◽  
Daniela Semerádová ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Czech Republic ◽  
Water Balance ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Spring Barley ◽  
The Czech Republic

The influence of straw quality and level of concentrate in a completely mixed diet on intake and growth rate in steers

1988 ◽  
Vol 1988 ◽  
pp. 58-58
Author(s):  
M. Kay ◽  
G. W. Reid ◽  
E. R. Orskov
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Previous Experiment ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Spring Barley ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Finishing Cattle ◽  
Complete Diet ◽  
Beet Pulp ◽  
Straw Quality ◽  
Ad Libitum

Results from a previous experiment with growing steers showed that straw from varieties of winter and spring barley or winter wheat supported different intakes and rates of gain. It was possible to identify those cereal straws most suitable for inclusion in low cost diets for beef cattle. The object of this work was to assess whether complete diets containing a minimum of 35% “good” straw could sustain a high rate of gain in finishing cattle. The trial used 45 Hereford cross steers that weighed 360 kg at the start. There were three types of straw examined; straw from the spring barley variety Corgi, untreated (UC) and ammonia treated (AC) together with ammonia treated winter wheat (AW) cv. Longbow;. Each straw type was included in a complete diet containing either 0.35 (L), 0.45 (M) or 0.55 (H) straw. Ammonia treatment was carried out in an oven with 0.03 anhydrous ammonia for 24 hours. The straw was processed through a tub grinder and the chopped material was transferred to a mixer wagon for diet preparation. All the diets contained fishmeal and urea and equal proportions of rolled barley and molassed sugar beet pulp substituted for the straw. The complete diets were offered ad libitum and the steers were weighed fortnightly until they were estimated to provide carcasses in MLC fat class 4L. Digestibility data for each diet was derived in a subsidary trial using cattle fed ad libitum. The digestibility coefficients for D11 were 0.67 UC; 0.68 AW; 0.69 AC and 0.66 H; 0.68 M; 0.70 L (S.E.D. ± 0.66).

An experiment begun in 1958 measuring effects of N, P and K fertilizers on yield and N, P and K contents of grass:2. Residual effects on arable crops, 1968–76

1980 ◽  
Vol 95 (3) ◽  
pp. 583-595 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Penny ◽  
F. V. Widdowson
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Spring Barley ◽  
Residual Effects ◽  
Wheat Grain ◽  
K Uptake ◽  
Arable Crops ◽  
Soil P ◽  
K Fertilizer ◽  
K Depletion

SUMMARYAn experiment at Rothamsted during 1958–67 measured effects on yield, on K uptake and on soil K of applying all combinations of 38, 75 and 113 kg N and 0, 31 and 62 kg K/ha per cut to grass leys, which were cut and removed. Soil K was depleted most where most N and least K were given. Annual applications of 0, 33 and 66 kg P/ha were also tested; soil P was not depleted. The grass was then ploughed.In 1968, residual effects were measured by spring wheat. In 1969 and in 1970 104 kg/ha of fresh K was applied on half of each plot; potatoes (1969) and spring wheat (1970) valued residual and fresh effects of K.In 1971 potatoes tested 0, 104 and 208 kg/ha of fresh K, cumulatively with the three amounts given to the grass and also extra K (104 kg/ha) on half-plots, cumulatively with that given in 1969 and 1970. In 1972 winter wheat, and in 1974 and 1975 spring barley, measured residues of all treatments previously applied (the site was fallowed in 1973).Finally, in 1976, potatoes tested 0, 156 and 312 kg/ha of fresh K on whole plots, cumulatively with the previous dressings of K, and also 156 kg/ha of extra K on half-plots, again cumulatively. All these test crops were given basal N.Yields and K contents of wheat at ear emergence and yields of wheat grain were largest after grass given 38 kg N and 62 kg K/ha per cut, because here soil K depletion was least. Wheat grain yields benefited consistently from fresh K. K content of the wheat at ear emergence was a good indicator of the need for K, but K content of grain was not, because it was unaltered by K fertilizer. Barley was a poor test crop for K, because yields of grain were little affected by previous treatments.Percentage K in potato leaves (in July in 1969 and 1971, in August in 1976) and yield of tubers were well correlated. Largest yields in 1969, 1971 and 1976 came where the leaves contained 3·43, 3·76 and 2·82% K, respectively, i.e. from soil containing most exchangeable K, plus most fresh K. There was no indication that maximum yields had been obtained, so the largest amounts (kg/ha) of fresh K tested (104 in 1969, 312 in 1971 and 468 in 1976) were insufficient to counteract depletion of soil K by the grass. Because the grass did not deplete soil P, the test crops benefited only little from either residual or fresh P.

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