scholarly journals Potential of Controlling Common Bean Insect Pests (Bean Stem Maggot (<i>Ophiomyia phaseoli</i>), Ootheca (<i>Ootheca bennigseni</i>) and Aphids (<i>Aphis fabae</i>)) Using Agronomic, Biological and Botanical Practices in Field

2015 ◽  
Vol 06 (05) ◽  
pp. 489-497 ◽  
Author(s):  
Regina W. Mwanauta ◽  
Kelvin M. Mtei ◽  
Patrick A. Ndakidemi
Keyword(s):  
Common Bean ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Aphis Fabae ◽  
Ophiomyia Phaseoli ◽  
Bean Stem Maggot

scholarly journals Effect of plant populations on the incidence of bean stem maggot (Ophiomyia spp.) in common bean intercropped with maize

2009 ◽  
Vol 45 (No. 4) ◽  
pp. 149-155
Author(s):  
K.H. Peter ◽  
G.B. Swella ◽  
D.M.K. Mushobozy
Keyword(s):  
Common Bean ◽  
Management Strategy ◽  
Plant Population ◽  
Optimum Combination ◽  
Plant Populations ◽  
Stem Damage ◽  
First Time ◽  
Ophiomyia Phaseoli ◽  
Bean Stem Maggot

Effects of three intercrop combinations and plant populations on bean stem maggot <i>Ophiomyia phaseoli</i>; <i>O. spencerella</i> and <i>O. centrosematis</i> was observed; with the latter being reported in Morogoro for the first time. The infestation was higher in the pure stands of beans than in the intercrops and decreased gradually down to two-thirds maize. The incidence of <i>Ophiomyia</i> spp. decreased with increasing plant populations. Low counts of larvae and pupae were recorded in intercrops. Stem damage was higher in pure bean plots, which also had higher larvae and pupae counts. The intercrop combinations gave a yield advantage at all plant populations except at population P<sub>3</sub> for one – third maize two thirds bean mixture. The highest yield advantage was obtained at P<sub>2</sub> for two thirds maize – one third beans treatment suggesting it to be the optimum combination for the two crops. It is concluded that a combination of BMM (one third bean-two thirds maize) at plant population P<sub>2</sub> may be considered as one of the <i>Ophiomyia</i> spp. management strategy in common bean.

Review: Breeding common bean for resistance to insect pests and nematodes

2011 ◽  
Vol 91 (2) ◽  
pp. 239-250 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shree Singh ◽  
Howard Schwartz
Keyword(s):  
Common Bean ◽  
Insect Pests

scholarly journals Mosca-Branca, Bemisia tabaci (Genn.) (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) em feijoeiro: Características gerais, bioecologia e métodos de controle

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 01-08
Author(s):  
Anderson Gonçalves da Silva ◽  
Arlindo Leal Boiça Junior ◽  
Bruno Henrique Sardinha de Souza ◽  
Eduardo Neves Costa ◽  
James da Silva Hoelhert ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Common Bean ◽  
Bemisia Tabaci ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Common Beans ◽  
Bean Plants ◽  
De Se ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Common

Resumo. A cultura do feijoeiro pode ser infestada por insetos que afetam a produção antes e após a colheita, tendo como estimativa de perdas causadas nos rendimentos pelas pragas variando de 33 a 86%. Dentre essas pragas a mosca-branca Bemisia tabaci (Genn.) Autor merece destaque. Esta ocasiona danos diretos decorrentes de sua alimentação e indiretos que ocorrem por meio da excreção açucarada de honeydew ou “mela” e simbiose com a fumagina. No entanto, o dano mais sério causado pela B. tabaci é a transmissão de viroses como o mosaico-dourado-do-feijoeiro, provocando perdas econômicas que podem variar de 30% a 100%. Desse modo, o objetivo do presente estudo é disponibilizar informações a respeito de aspectos importantes de B. tabaci, como: histórico e distribuição geográfica, bioecologia e dinâmica populacional, plantas hospedeiras, métodos de controle adotados, dentre outros, a fim de se fornecer subsídios para futuras pesquisas sobre a mosca-branca em feijão.Whitefly Bemisia tabaci (Genn.) (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) in common beans: General characteristics, bioecology, and methods of controlAbstract. Common bean plants are infested by insects, which can ultimately affect the crop production before and after harvest, with estimated losses ranging from 33 to 86%. Among the insect pests infesting the common beans the whitefly Bemisia tabaci (Genn.) stands out. This species cause direct injury by feeding on the plants and indirect injury by excreting sugary honeydew that is after colonized by the sooty mold. In addition, the most serious damage caused by B. tabaci is the transmission of virus diseases, especially the common bean golden mosaic, responsible for economic losses varying from 30 to 100%. This review aims at providing information on important aspects of B. tabaci including its geographical distribution, bioecology, population dynamics, host plants, and methods of pest control. We expect that this review can provide valuable subsidies for future studies on the whitefly in common beans.

scholarly journals Potentials of the Extracts of Algerian Saharan Plant Cotula cinerea for the Management of Two Insect Pests, Aphis fabae and Tribolium castaneum

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 41-57
Author(s):  
Fatma Acheuk ◽  
◽  
Kemais Abdellaoui ◽  
Wassima Lakhdari ◽  
Nora Chahbar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tribolium Castaneum ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Aphis Fabae ◽  
Insect Species ◽  
Contact Toxicity ◽  
Phytochemical Study ◽  
Insecticidal Effect ◽  
Cotula Cinerea ◽  
Synergetic Action

The insecticidal potential of the Saharan plant Cotula cinerea, was evaluated on two insect species namely Aphis fabae and Tribolium castaneum by topical application (contact toxicity) and repellency test. A crude ethanolic extract of aerial part of the plant was prepared and tested in the laboratory on adults of both species. For contact toxicity, five doses were tested on each of the two species 1.56, 3.12, 6.25, 12.5 and 25 mg/ml for A. fabae and 25, 50, 250, 350 and 500 µg/insect for T. castaneum. The repellency of the extract was studied at the dose 500 μg/insect for T. castaneum and 25 µg/ml for A. fabae. Results showed that the repellency of the extract increased with exposure time and the highest rates were observed after 4 h of exposure (72.33 ± 22% for T. castaneum and 87 ± 3.6% for A. fabae). For insecticidal activity, at the highest doses (25 mg/ml and 500 µg/ml), 100% mortality is obtained 72 h after treatment for A. fabae and after 48 h for T. castaneum. The extract of this plant was found to be more toxic against T. castaneum adults. LD50 calculated 24 h after treatment for the two species is estimated at 1.7 mg/ml for A. fabae and at 30.3 µg/insect for T. castaneum. The extract of this plant inhibited the activity of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) in both insect species. This result suggests that this plant has a neurotoxic effect on A. fabae and T. castaneum. The results of phytochemical study showed that the plant is mainly rich in flavonoids, gallic tannins, alkaloids, saponosides and glucosides. The insecticidal effect obtained in this study could be due to the synergetic action of all constituents of the extract. Results suggest the possibility of using the extracts of this plant in integrated pest management to replace the chemical insecticides.

Genotypic response of common bean to natural field populations of bean fly (Ophiomyia phaseoli) under diverse environmental conditions

2010 ◽  
Vol 117 (1) ◽  
pp. 139-145 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pascal P. Okwiri Ojwang ◽  
Rob Melis ◽  
Josephine M. Songa ◽  
Mwangi Githiri
Keyword(s):  
Common Bean ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Natural Field ◽  
Ophiomyia Phaseoli ◽  
Bean Fly

Genetic analysis for resistance to bean fly (Ophiomyia phaseoli) and seed yield among common bean genotypes in a semi-arid environment

2011 ◽  
Vol 120 (2) ◽  
pp. 223-229 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pascal P. Okwiri Ojwang ◽  
Rob Melis ◽  
Mwangi S. Githiri ◽  
Josephine M. Songa
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Analysis ◽  
Common Bean ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Arid Environment ◽  
Ophiomyia Phaseoli ◽  
Semi Arid ◽  
Bean Fly

scholarly journals Insect Pests Of Soybean (Glycine Max L.), Their Nature Of Damage And Succession With The Crop Stages

2013 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
GC Biswas
Keyword(s):  
Insect Pests ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Minor Importance ◽  
Pest Species ◽  
Common Cutworm ◽  
Leaf Roller ◽  
Pod Borer ◽  
Glycine Max L ◽  
Ophiomyia Phaseoli ◽  
Different Growth Stages

Thirty nine species of insect pests were found to infest soybean crop at their different growth stages in Noakhali region of Bangladesh during January to May, 2010 and 2011. Among the recorded pest species, six species namely, hairy caterpillar, Spilarctia obliqua (Walker); leaf roller, Lamprosema indicata F; common cutworm, Spodoptera litura F; pod borer, Helicoverpa armigera (Hubner); stem fly, Ophiomyia phaseoli (Tryon) and white fly; Bemisia tabaci Genn. were considered as the major pests while the rests were of minor importance on the basis of population densities per plant, nature and extent of damages, and yield reductions. Most of the major and minor pests appeared in the crop during vegetative to flowering stages (30-50 Days after sowing) and the maximum insect population and their infestation occurred during flowering and pod formation stages of the crop throughout the study period. J. Asiat. Soc. Bangladesh, Sci. 39(1): 1-8, June 2013 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jasbs.v39i1.16027

scholarly journals Natural Pest Regulation and Its Compatibility with Other Crop Protection Practices in Smallholder Bean Farming Systems

Biology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 805
Author(s):  
Baltazar J. Ndakidemi ◽  
Ernest R. Mbega ◽  
Patrick A. Ndakidemi ◽  
Philip C. Stevenson ◽  
Steven R. Belmain ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Natural Enemies ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Crop Protection ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Aphis Fabae ◽  
Sources Of Resistance ◽  
Resistant Varieties ◽  
Natural Pest Regulation ◽  
Cultural Tools

Common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) production and storage are limited by numerous constraints. Insect pests are often the most destructive. However, resource-constrained smallholders in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) often do little to manage pests. Where farmers do use a control strategy, it typically relies on chemical pesticides, which have adverse effects on the wildlife, crop pollinators, natural enemies, mammals, and the development of resistance by pests. Nature-based solutions —in particular, using biological control agents with sustainable approaches that include biopesticides, resistant varieties, and cultural tools—are alternatives to chemical control. However, significant barriers to their adoption in SSA include a lack of field data and knowledge on the natural enemies of pests, safety, efficacy, the spectrum of activities, the availability and costs of biopesticides, the lack of sources of resistance for different cultivars, and spatial and temporal inconsistencies for cultural methods. Here, we critically review the control options for bean pests, particularly the black bean aphid (Aphis fabae) and pod borers (Maruca vitrata). We identified natural pest regulation as the option with the greatest potential for this farming system. We recommend that farmers adapt to using biological control due to its compatibility with other sustainable approaches, such as cultural tools, resistant varieties, and biopesticides for effective management, especially in SSA.

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