scholarly journals Response of coleoptiles to water deficit: growth, turgor maintenance and osmotic adjustment in barley plants (Hordeum vulgare L.)

2011 ◽  
Vol 02 (03) ◽  
pp. 159-166 ◽  
Author(s):  
Águeda González ◽  
Luís Ayerbe
Keyword(s):  
Hordeum Vulgare ◽  
Water Deficit ◽  
Osmotic Adjustment ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
Turgor Maintenance

Transformation of isolated barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) microspores: I. The influence of pretreatments and osmotic treatment on the time of DNA synthesis

Genome ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 52 (2) ◽  
pp. 166-174 ◽  
Author(s):  
Youn-Seb Shim ◽  
K. Peter Pauls ◽  
Ken J. Kasha
Keyword(s):  
Cell Cycle ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare ◽  
Transgenic Plants ◽  
Dna Synthesis ◽  
Particle Bombardment ◽  
Osmotic Adjustment ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
Cell Cycle Stage ◽  
Dna Density ◽  
Homozygous Transgenic Plants

The objective of this study was to determine when DNA synthesis occurred during pretreatments of cultured barley ( Hordeum vulgare L.) microspores and during their preparation for particle bombardment. Based on this information, an investigation of the influence of cell cycle stage on the ability to obtain homozygous transgenic plants by particle bombardment will be presented in paper II of this series. It was hypothesized that the introduction of foreign genes at the G1 cell cycle stage in cultured uninucleate microspores would produce homozygous transgenic plants. Experiments were conducted with two different commonly used pretreatments to induce microspore embryogenesis: cold (4 °C) for 21days and cold plus 0.3 mol/L mannitol for 4 days. After pretreatment, the microspores were placed in a higher osmotic medium for 4 h prior to and for 18 h following bombardment. It was confirmed that during the cold plus mannitol pretreatment, there was no apparent change in the cell cycle stage, with the majority of the microspores remaining at the G1 stage. While in the cold for 21 days, the microspores progressed slowly through to G2, with a few progressing further into the mitosis and binucleate stages. Hourly DNA density measurements that were taken during the 4 h osmotic adjustment period following the cold plus mannitol pretreatment indicated that DNA synthesis began during this period at 25 °C, while at 4 °C, there was no apparent change in cell cycle stage or in DNA density. Thus, one might expect to find a higher frequency of homozygous doubled haploids by maintaining the temperature low during the 4 h osmotic adjustment period following the cold plus mannitol pretreatment than following the 21 day cold pretreatment. However, it is also not known what effect the temperatures during the whole high-osmotic treatments will have on the rate and time of incorporation of the transgene.

Foliar application of betaine improves water-deficit stress tolerance in barley (Hordeum vulgare L.)

2019 ◽  
Vol 89 (1) ◽  
pp. 109-118 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nanbo Wang ◽  
Fangbin Cao ◽  
Marvin Eusi Ambrose Richmond ◽  
Chengwei Qiu ◽  
Feibo Wu
Keyword(s):  
Hordeum Vulgare ◽  
Stress Tolerance ◽  
Water Deficit ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
Water Deficit Stress ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L

scholarly journals Study of Some Mechanisms of Tolerance and Avoidance of Water Deficit in Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.)

2019 ◽  
Vol 67 (6) ◽  
pp. 1503-1512
Author(s):  
Mimouna Zerrouki ◽  
Zineb Regagba ◽  
Ahmed Adda
Keyword(s):  
Hordeum Vulgare ◽  
Drought Tolerance ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Water Deficit ◽  
Relative Water Content ◽  
Soluble Sugars ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
Relative Water ◽  
Barley Genotypes

Some mechanisms of drought tolerance and avoidance have been studied in eight barley genotypes. These include three local cultivars (Ttichedrett, Beldi, Saida) and five introduced (Malouh, Seg09, Mari29, Awblack, Beecher) which were grown under three different water supply (100% FC, 60% FC, 30% FC). The increase in intensity of the water deficit reduces differently the relative water content among tested genotypes. Thus, in the treatment of 60% FC, this reduction varies between 1% (Beldi) and 6% (Tichedrett, Beecher), while in the lot of 30% FC it reaches the limits of 3% (Beldi) and 18% (Seg09). The results show that plants grown under water deficit (60% CC, 30% FC) accumulate significantly soluble sugars (r = 0.54**) and K+ (r = 0.26**) compared to control plants (100% CC). Thus, under 30% FC, the accumulation of soluble sugars reached values of 195% and 208% observed at Mari29 and Awblack. The accentuation of the water deficit causes a significant reduction of the RWL particularly after 120 mn (r = -0.27**) which is accompanied by an increase of the stomatic resistance (r = 0.53**). To limit dehydration under the water deficit, tested genotypes were distinguished into three groups by adopting avoidance, tolerance or by combining the two strategies.

scholarly journals Impact of Pre-Anthesis Water Deficit on Yield and Yield Components in Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) Plants Grown under Controlled Conditions

Agronomy ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 33 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zakaria Al-Ajlouni ◽  
Ayed Al-Abdallat ◽  
Abdul Al-Ghzawi ◽  
Jamal Ayad ◽  
Jamal Abu Elenein ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hordeum Vulgare ◽  
Water Deficit ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
Controlled Conditions ◽  
Yield And Yield Components

Several QTLs involved in osmotic-adjustment trait variation in barley (Hordeum vulgare L.)

1998 ◽  
Vol 96 (5) ◽  
pp. 688-698 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Teulat ◽  
D. This ◽  
M. Khairallah ◽  
C. Borries ◽  
C. Ragot ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hordeum Vulgare ◽  
Osmotic Adjustment ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
Trait Variation

scholarly journals Association analysis of physiological traits in spring barley ( Hordeum vulgare L.) under water‐deficit conditions

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mitra Jabbari ◽  
Barat Ali Fakheri ◽  
Reza Aghnoum ◽  
Reza Darvishzadeh ◽  
Nafiseh Mahdi Nezhad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hordeum Vulgare ◽  
Water Deficit ◽  
Association Analysis ◽  
Spring Barley ◽  
Physiological Traits ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L

Ultrastructure and Senescence in an Achloroplastic Mutant of Hordeum vulgare L. cv. Dyan

1992 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 844-845
Author(s):  
R.H.M. Cross ◽  
C.E.J. Botha ◽  
A.K. Cowan ◽  
B.J. Hartley
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare ◽  
Leaf Tissue ◽  
Ultrastructural Changes ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
Mesophyll Cells ◽  
Lethal Mutant ◽  
Cytoplasmic Matrix ◽  
Close Proximity ◽  
Pinocytotic Vesicles

Senescence is an ordered degenerative process leading to death of individual cells, organs and organisms. The detection of a conditional lethal mutant (achloroplastic) of Hordeum vulgare has enabled us to investigate ultrastructural changes occurring in leaf tissue during foliar senescence.Examination of the tonoplast structure in six and 14 day-old mutant tissue revealed a progressive degeneration and disappearance of the membrane, apparently starting by day six in the vicinity of the mitochondria associated with the degenerating proplastid (Fig. 1.) where neither of the plastid membrane leaflets is evident (arrows, Fig. 1.). At this stage there was evidence that the mitochondrial membranes were undergoing retrogressive changes, coupled with disorganization of cristae (Fig. 2.). Proplastids (P) lack definitive prolamellar bodies. The cytoplasmic matrix is largely agranular, with few endoplasmic reticulum (ER) cisternae or polyribosomal aggregates. Interestingly, large numbers of actively-budding dictysomes, associated with pinocytotic vesicles, were observed in close proximity to the plasmalemma of mesophyll cells (Fig. 3.). By day 14 however, mesophyll cells showed almost complete breakdown of subcellular organelle structure (Fig. 4.), and further evidence for the breakdown of the tonoplast. The final stage of senescence is characterized by the solubilization of the cell wall due to expression and activity of polygalacturonase and/or cellulose. The presence of dictyosomes with associated pinocytotic vesicles formed from the mature face, in close proximity to both the plasmalemma and the cell wall, would appear to support the model proposed by Christopherson for the secretion of cellulase. This pathway of synthesis is typical for secretory glycoproteins.

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