Several QTLs involved in osmotic-adjustment trait variation in barley (Hordeum vulgare L.)

1998 ◽  
Vol 96 (5) ◽  
pp. 688-698 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Teulat ◽  
D. This ◽  
M. Khairallah ◽  
C. Borries ◽  
C. Ragot ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hordeum Vulgare ◽  
Osmotic Adjustment ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
Trait Variation

Transformation of isolated barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) microspores: I. The influence of pretreatments and osmotic treatment on the time of DNA synthesis

Genome ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 52 (2) ◽  
pp. 166-174 ◽  
Author(s):  
Youn-Seb Shim ◽  
K. Peter Pauls ◽  
Ken J. Kasha
Keyword(s):  
Cell Cycle ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare ◽  
Transgenic Plants ◽  
Dna Synthesis ◽  
Particle Bombardment ◽  
Osmotic Adjustment ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
Cell Cycle Stage ◽  
Dna Density ◽  
Homozygous Transgenic Plants

The objective of this study was to determine when DNA synthesis occurred during pretreatments of cultured barley ( Hordeum vulgare L.) microspores and during their preparation for particle bombardment. Based on this information, an investigation of the influence of cell cycle stage on the ability to obtain homozygous transgenic plants by particle bombardment will be presented in paper II of this series. It was hypothesized that the introduction of foreign genes at the G1 cell cycle stage in cultured uninucleate microspores would produce homozygous transgenic plants. Experiments were conducted with two different commonly used pretreatments to induce microspore embryogenesis: cold (4 °C) for 21days and cold plus 0.3 mol/L mannitol for 4 days. After pretreatment, the microspores were placed in a higher osmotic medium for 4 h prior to and for 18 h following bombardment. It was confirmed that during the cold plus mannitol pretreatment, there was no apparent change in the cell cycle stage, with the majority of the microspores remaining at the G1 stage. While in the cold for 21 days, the microspores progressed slowly through to G2, with a few progressing further into the mitosis and binucleate stages. Hourly DNA density measurements that were taken during the 4 h osmotic adjustment period following the cold plus mannitol pretreatment indicated that DNA synthesis began during this period at 25 °C, while at 4 °C, there was no apparent change in cell cycle stage or in DNA density. Thus, one might expect to find a higher frequency of homozygous doubled haploids by maintaining the temperature low during the 4 h osmotic adjustment period following the cold plus mannitol pretreatment than following the 21 day cold pretreatment. However, it is also not known what effect the temperatures during the whole high-osmotic treatments will have on the rate and time of incorporation of the transgene.

Ultrastructure and Senescence in an Achloroplastic Mutant of Hordeum vulgare L. cv. Dyan

1992 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 844-845
Author(s):  
R.H.M. Cross ◽  
C.E.J. Botha ◽  
A.K. Cowan ◽  
B.J. Hartley
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare ◽  
Leaf Tissue ◽  
Ultrastructural Changes ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
Mesophyll Cells ◽  
Lethal Mutant ◽  
Cytoplasmic Matrix ◽  
Close Proximity ◽  
Pinocytotic Vesicles

Senescence is an ordered degenerative process leading to death of individual cells, organs and organisms. The detection of a conditional lethal mutant (achloroplastic) of Hordeum vulgare has enabled us to investigate ultrastructural changes occurring in leaf tissue during foliar senescence.Examination of the tonoplast structure in six and 14 day-old mutant tissue revealed a progressive degeneration and disappearance of the membrane, apparently starting by day six in the vicinity of the mitochondria associated with the degenerating proplastid (Fig. 1.) where neither of the plastid membrane leaflets is evident (arrows, Fig. 1.). At this stage there was evidence that the mitochondrial membranes were undergoing retrogressive changes, coupled with disorganization of cristae (Fig. 2.). Proplastids (P) lack definitive prolamellar bodies. The cytoplasmic matrix is largely agranular, with few endoplasmic reticulum (ER) cisternae or polyribosomal aggregates. Interestingly, large numbers of actively-budding dictysomes, associated with pinocytotic vesicles, were observed in close proximity to the plasmalemma of mesophyll cells (Fig. 3.). By day 14 however, mesophyll cells showed almost complete breakdown of subcellular organelle structure (Fig. 4.), and further evidence for the breakdown of the tonoplast. The final stage of senescence is characterized by the solubilization of the cell wall due to expression and activity of polygalacturonase and/or cellulose. The presence of dictyosomes with associated pinocytotic vesicles formed from the mature face, in close proximity to both the plasmalemma and the cell wall, would appear to support the model proposed by Christopherson for the secretion of cellulase. This pathway of synthesis is typical for secretory glycoproteins.

ИЗМЕНЧИВОСТЬ ЯЧМЕНЯ (Hordeum vulgare L.) РАЗНОГО ГЕОГРАФИЧЕСКОГО ПРОИСХОЖДЕНИЯ ПО ЭЛЕМЕНТАМ СТРУКТУРЫ УРОЖАЯ

2012 ◽  
pp. 33-40
Author(s):  
А.В. ЖЕЛЕЗНОВ ◽  
◽  
Н.Б. ЖЕЛЕЗНОВА ◽  
Т.В. КУКОЕВА ◽  
Н.В. БУРМАКИНА ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hordeum Vulgare ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L

ВНУТРИВИДОВОЙ ПОЛИМОРФИЗМ ЯРОВОГО ЯЧМЕНЯ (Hordeum vulgare L.) ПО УСТОЙЧИВОСТИ К ДЕЙСТВИЮ СВИНЦА

2014 ◽  
pp. 78-87 ◽  
Author(s):  
А.В. ДИКАРЕВ ◽  
◽  
В.Г. ДИКАРЕВ ◽  
Н.С. ДИКАРЕВА ◽  
С.А. ГЕРАСЬКИН ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hordeum Vulgare ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L

Using AMMI approach to delineate genotype by environment interaction and stability of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) genotypes under northern Indian shivalik hill conditions

2020 ◽  
Vol 80 (03) ◽  
Author(s):  
Om Prakash Yadav ◽  
A. K. Razdan ◽  
Bupesh Kumar ◽  
Praveen Singh ◽  
Anjani K. Singh
Keyword(s):  
Hordeum Vulgare ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Genotype By Environment Interaction ◽  
Environment Interaction ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
Genotype By Environment ◽  
Biplot Analysis ◽  
Principal Component Axis ◽  
Ammi Analysis

Genotype by environment interaction (GEI) of 18 barley varieties was assessed during two successive rabi crop seasons so as to identify high yielding and stable barley varieties. AMMI analysis showed that genotypes (G), environment (E) and GEI accounted for 1672.35, 78.25 and 20.51 of total variance, respectively. Partitioning of sum of squares due to GEI revealed significance of interaction principal component axis IPCA1 only On the basis of AMMI biplot analysis DWRB 137 (41.03qha–1), RD 2715 (32.54qha–1), BH 902 (37.53qha–1) and RD 2907 (33.29qha–1) exhibited grain yield superiority of 64.45, 30.42, 50.42 and 33.42 per cent, respectively over farmers’ recycled variety (24.43qha–1).

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