Effect of Different Environmental Factors on the Major Chemical Constituents of Some Marine Algae

1994 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 91-105
Author(s):  
M. EL-NAGGAR
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Marine Algae ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Major Chemical

Isolation and HPLC Determination of the Chemical Components of Gentianella acuta (Michx.) Hulten

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-33
Author(s):  
Ying Wei ◽  
Yongqiao Liu ◽  
Yifan Hele ◽  
Weiwei Sun ◽  
Yang Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plant ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Folk Medicine ◽  
Gradient Elution ◽  
Chemical Components ◽  
Isolation And Characterization ◽  
Major Chemical ◽  
Main Components ◽  
First Time

Background: Gentianella acuta (Michx.) Hulten is an important type of medicinal plant found in several Chinese provinces. It has been widely used in folk medicine to treat various illnesses. However, there is not enough detailed information about the chemical constituents of this plant or methods for their content determination. Objective: The focus of this work is the isolation and characterization of the major chemical constituents of Gentianella acuta, and developing an analytical method for their determination. Methods: The components of Gentianella acuta were isolated using (1) ethanol extraction and adsorption on macroporous resin. (2) and ethyl acetate extraction and high speed countercurrent chromatography. A HPLC-DAD method was developed using a C18 column and water-acetonitrile as the mobile phase. Based on compound polarities, both isocratic and gradient elution methods were developed. Results: A total of 29 compounds were isolated from this plant, of which 17 compounds were isolated from this genus for the first time. The main components in this plant were found to be xanthones. The HPLC-DAD method was developed and validated for their determination, and found to show good sensitivity and reliability. Conclusion: The results of this work add to the limited body of work available on this important medicinal plant. The findings will be useful for further investigation and development of Gentianella acuta for its valuable medicinal properties.

The effect of training on the swimming muscles of the goldfish (Carassius auratus)

1978 ◽  
Vol 74 (1) ◽  
pp. 115-122 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Davison ◽  
G. Goldspink
Keyword(s):  
Carassius Auratus ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Water Environment ◽  
Muscle Fibres ◽  
Muscle Fibre Size ◽  
Goldfish Carassius Auratus ◽  
High Speeds ◽  
Major Chemical ◽  
All Speeds ◽  
Rates Of Growth

Goldfish (Carassius auratus) were exercised continuously for periods of 28 days at swimming speeds of 1.5, 3.0 and 4.5 body lengths per second and their rates of growth were determined. Changes in muscle fibre size were examined, as were changes which occurred in the concentrations of the major chemical constituents of these cells. These fish, typical of the carp family in that they are found only in still or slowly moving water, did not adapt well to the flowing water environment at any swimming speed. They often grew less than the controls, although consuming much more food. Changes in the composition of the muscle fibres indicated that excess food was not being stored, and also indicated that the major fuel for swimming at all speeds was glycogen. The fish survived well at high speeds and it was suggested that this was due to the ability of the species to metabolize glycogen anaerobically without the production of lactic acid.

Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry Application to Investigate of Phytonutrient Different Parts of Lotus

2021 ◽  
pp. 35-40
Author(s):  
Warachate Khobjai ◽  
◽  
Khemjira Jarmkom ◽  
Nakuntwalai Wisidsri ◽  
Surachai Techaoei
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Plant Foods ◽  
Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Phytochemical Constituents ◽  
Major Chemical ◽  
Mass Spectrometry Application ◽  
Different Parts

Phytonutrients, also called phytochemicals, are chemicals produced by plants. Foods and vegetables with phytonutrients have antioxidant and anti-inflammatory benefits. The aim of this study was to analyzed 4 parts of 3 lotuses phytochemical constituents by using gas chromatography mass spectrometry. Our results showed that different parts of lotus had a different chemical compound. The major chemical constituents in each extract are 6-Methoxy-2-[p-tolyl]cinchoninic acid (23.92%), Stigmastan-3, 5-diene (6.17%), 5(1H)-Azulenone, 2, 4, 6, 7, 8, 8a-hexahydro-3, 8-dimethyl-4-(1-methylethylidene)-, (8S-cis)- (24.44%), 2-Cyclohexane-1-carboxaldehyde, 2, 6-dimethyl-6-(4-methyl-3-pentennyl (18.15%), Stigmastan-3, 5-diene (24.04%), 2(1H)Naphthalenone, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 8a-hexanhydro-4, 8a-dimethyl-6-(1-methylethenyl)-(6.49%), 2-[p-Methoxyphenyl]-8-methylcinchoninic acid (12.98%), Ergosta-4, 6, 22-trien-3, beta, -ol (13.57%), and Stigmastan-3, 5-diene (26.05%). Therefore, Phytonutrients could also provide significant benefits for human’s health that eat plant foods.

scholarly journals Analysis of Major Chemical Constituents in Luan-Pao-Prescription Using Liquid Chromatography Coupled with Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry

2008 ◽  
Vol 3 (5) ◽  
pp. 1934578X0800300
Author(s):  
Jin-qiang Zhang ◽  
Min Yang ◽  
Bao-hong Jiang ◽  
Hui-lian Huang ◽  
Guang-tong Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Electrospray Ionization ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Negative Ion ◽  
Female Sterility ◽  
Ionization Mass ◽  
Chinese Herbal ◽  
Major Chemical ◽  
First Time

Luan-Pao-Prescription is a famous Chinese herbal formula, which is commonly used for the treatment of female sterility in clinical practice in China. In the present paper, a reliable method based on liquid chromatography coupled with electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry in both positive and negative ion modes has been established for the analysis of major chemical constituents in Luan-Pao-Prescription. A total of 34 compounds were either identified or tentatively characterized. These compounds include flavonoids, anthraquinones, iridoids, xanthones and organic acids. Flavonoids were the major constituents of the formula. The results profiled the chemical composition of Luan-Pao-Prescription comprehensively for the first time.

scholarly journals TRADITIONAL USES, PHYTOCHEMISTRY, AND PHARMACOLOGICAL ACTIVITIES OF AMLA WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE OF UNANI MEDICINE - AN UPDATED REVIEW

2019 ◽  
pp. 70-74
Author(s):  
MASIHUDDIN MASIHUDDIN ◽  
JAFRI MA ◽  
AISHA SIDDIQUI ◽  
SHAHID CHAUDHARY
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Complete Information ◽  
Traditional System ◽  
Unani Medicine ◽  
Mouth Ulcer ◽  
History Of ◽  
Major Chemical ◽  
Antibacterial And Antifungal ◽  
Phytochemical Studies ◽  
Β Carotene

Emblica officinalis, commonly known as Amla belongs to family Euphorbiaceae, is widely used for medicinal purposes in Indian traditional system of medicine (Unani, Ayurveda, and Siddha). It is well known that all parts of Amla are useful in the treatment of various diseases. Various studies on Amla suggest that it has antiviral, antibacterial, and antifungal actions. It is one among those traditional plants, which have a long history of usage as a fruit and remedy. It is amazingly effective as natural antiaging drug. It is a very effectual plant in the treatment of acidity and peptic ulcer. According to Unani literature, it possesses nutritional as well as therapeutic values, and thus, it is one of the herbal nutraceuticals. Modern literature and research studies also prove its medicinal importance. Its fruit is used traditionally as an antioxidant, immunomodulator, antipyretic, analgesic, antitussive, anticancer, and gastroprotective. It is also useful in diarrhea, dysentery, diabetes, fever, headache, mouth ulcer, hair growth, scurvy, and constipation. Phytochemical studies on amla disclosed major chemical constituents including tannins, alkaloids, polyphenol, fatty acid, glycosides, phosphatides, vitamins, and minerals. Gallic acid, ellagic acid, phyllembein, and ascorbic acid are also found to be biologically effective. Various reports show the presence of catechol, β-carotene, flavonoids, pyrogallol, superoxide, and dismutase enzyme in Emblica fruit. In this review, an attempt is made to explore the complete information of E. officinalis including its phytochemistry and pharmacology.

scholarly journals STUDY ON THE CHEMICAL CONSTITUENTS AND ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF ESSENTIAL OIL OF ACORUS CALAMUS L. RHIZOMES OF RUPENDEHI DISTRICT (NEPAL)

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-60
Author(s):  
Susan Joshi ◽  
Sundar Bashyal
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Acorus Calamus ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Oil Composition ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria ◽  
Major Chemical ◽  
Total Oil ◽  
Paper Disc

The essential oil from the air dried powder of wild Acorus calamus L. rhizomes was isolated using Clevenger-type hydrodistillation apparatus and its chemical constituents were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometric (GC-MS) analysis. A total numbers of fourteen chemical constituents were identified and quantified occupying 100 % of total oil composition. The major chemical constituents are reported to be β-asarone (68.96 %), 4-hydroxy-4-methyl-2-pentanone (8.73 %) shyobunone (8.65 %), p-methoxyphenyl butanone (4.16 %) and the minor chemical constituents are δ-cadinene (0.84 %), isoelemicine (2.68 %), muurolene (1.92 %) and cis-ocimene (1.44 %). The antibacterial activity of the essential oil isolated from the wild Acorus calamus L. rhizomes was carried out using paper disc method against one Gram positive bacteria of Staphylococcus aureus and three Gram negative bacteria of Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Proteus vulgaris. The isolated essential oil from the dry powder of Acorus calamus L. rhizome showed a good potentiality of the antibacterial effect against tested bacteria.

Phytochemical Analysis and GC-MS Profiling in the Flower of Plumeria alba

2020 ◽  
Vol 981 ◽  
pp. 280-284
Author(s):  
Siti Aisyah Mohamad ◽  
Noor Suhana Adzahar ◽  
Muhammad Nadeem Akhtar ◽  
Seema Zareen ◽  
Thong Chuan Lee
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Volatile Oil ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Therapeutic Properties ◽  
Phytochemical Constituents ◽  
Screening Assays ◽  
Major Chemical ◽  
Ethylhexyl Phthalate

Therapeutic properties of the medicinal plant are due to the presence of phytochemical constituents. The phytochemical constituents of Plumeria alba flower were investigated by phytochemical screening assays and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The phytochemical screening of hexane, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate, butanol, and aqueous extracts of P. alba flower showed it contains a various concentration of saponins, flavonoids, tannins, steroids, volatile oil and phenolic compounds. Several major chemical constituents that were identified is squalene, bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate, methyl (methyl 4-O-methyl-α-d-mannopyranoside) uronate and tricyclo [7.2.0.0(2,6)] undecan-5-ol, 2,6,10,10-tetramethyl- (isomer 2) by using GC-MS technique.

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